What is the "rise" of poetry?

Poetry is based on prosperity-there are metaphors in modern poetry creation, but they are not just metaphors, because this metaphor has already surpassed the rhetorical meaning of metaphor and has been promoted to a metaphor in the poetic sense. This metaphor is the second metaphor, that is, the metaphor of pretending not to forget words. This metaphor is concerned with the attitude of the vehicle, and it has to make its own personalized choice in the choice of the vehicle: use what it likes instead of what it doesn't like-so it is irreplaceable. Therefore, it can be said that "both words and meanings are given equal attention, and images are equally important". If there is a substitute, its language will become the language of "others", not the language of "this person". Such a metaphor is no longer just a metaphor. Only by understanding metaphor in this sense can Mr. Yu Can's correct understanding of "comparison" (that is, the second metaphor in the world) be confirmed: "It inspires people to imagine, infer an abstract thing from comparison, or attach the poet's thoughts and emotions, so as to achieve the effect of moving from the near to the far, using the empirical evidence to be empty, and using the shallow to imitate the deep." Yu Chunhai, "Bi" and "Xing" are not figures of speech, Chinese Learning, No.3, 2002. ) and "flowers on the edge of spring will not bloom until spring; Our poor herdsmen, only the * * * production party can be liberated. Isn't that the language of comparison? Yu Xiansheng believes that "Xing" is not a metaphor, but an image taken from a poem, and then the theme of the poem is inferred by analogy, which is what Zhu said, "Say something else first to arouse the words sung." The "other" in "say something else first" is an image used by poets to get excited. This image is the artistic refinement of the poet's consciousness after it comes into contact with external things. Therefore, the images taken are very selective, and through the "object image", what is excited and said can make people realize something reasonably through imagination. "(Yu Chunhai's" Bi "and" Xing "are not metaphors (Sinology, No.3, 2002). The mistake here is that his understanding of "xing" is too simple. If he understands that there are three kinds of prosperity (the prosperity of nothing, the prosperity of things and the prosperity of comparison), it is not figurative prosperity, but only the first two kinds, and the third kind of prosperity is the prosperity of comparison, so it can never be said to be "non-figurative". This metaphor, which is usually called "metaphor" (as mentioned above, its actual order should be "metaphor"-similar to reality), is not only a metaphor, but also a more subtle and literary metaphor, because, as Yu Xiansheng said, the "other" in "Let's talk about other things first" is an image that poets use to evoke. Yu Chunhai's "Bi" and "Xing" are not metaphors (Sinology, No.3, 2002). Isn't this "selectivity" biased towards subjective personality a linguistic metaphor characteristic of getting carried away? To say the least, "in fact, as far as the word" qi "is concerned, the reason why the poet can get excited and feel cold is that he can't do without objective things first. Isn't there a metaphorical thinking between objective things and the poet's emotions? " (On the Rise of Huang Lin, Fudan University Social Science Edition, No.6, 1995). In his article, Yu Xiansheng insisted on distinguishing comparison from metaphor, but he didn't use a word to express the concept of "analogy". In fact, analyzing the word "analogy" should be more helpful for us to understand metaphor. Shuo Wen: "Pi, Yu Ye. From words, sounds. " Duan Yucai's note: "Jade, tell me. Analogy is different from Oracle Bone Inscriptions, which is also a unified statement. " (Xu Shen's Notes on Explaining Words by Duan Yucai, Zhejiang Ancient Books Publishing House, 1998, P9 1. ) "Book of Rites": "His words are also eager to reach, subtle and rare, which can be described as following the ambition. " ; " Xunzi ChristianRandPhillips: "Use metaphor to describe and distinguish clearly." "From these two examples, we can clearly see the relationship between' Pi' and' Yu':' Pi' is the means of' Yu' and' Yu' is the result of' Pi'. Hua Yong distinguishes Pi, Bi and Yu, Journal of Guangzhou University (Social Science Edition),No. 10, 2004. Moreover, the definition of "Bixing" in Mozi Xiaoqu is: "Bixing is also, give (him) something and make it clear." (Notes on Sun Qingyi's Jean Mozi, Shanghai Bookstore, 1986, P25. For example, in the Analects of Confucius, "Confucius said: Rule by virtue is like Beichen, living in its place and the star is * * *". In the third section, Zhang, a scholar with "Xing" as his poem, made a relatively complete exposition of Li Shangyin's poetic art with "Xing" as his poem. He said: "Bi Xing has become an important concept of China's ancient literary theory and an important method of literary creation since the six meanings of The Book of Songs were expounded in the Preface to Poetry." He continued to affirm: "Li Shangyin's poems use a lot of means to compare prosperity with momentum", and on this basis, he thought: "However, this kind of works (works to compare prosperity with momentum) are far from representing the main characteristics of Li Yishan's poems ... Li Shangyin broke through the traditional method of expressing some thoughts and personnel by relying on things and broke the fixed mode of" relying on comparison and prosperity ",which he thought was" taking prosperity as poetry ". (Zhang, "Taking Xing as Poetry —— Li Shangyin's Development and Deepening of Traditional Bixing Art", Ninth Series of Literature Research in Tang Dynasty, Guangxi Normal University Press, 2002, P672-673. ) "That is, to break the traditional writing mode with simple meaning and change the fixity of metaphorical image meaning", he explained: "Traditional metaphor is based on metaphor, and the correspondence between vehicle and ontology is clear, so the meaning of poetry is generally obvious ... It is difficult to infer the meaning of poetry according to the meaning of traditional metaphorical image. In his works, the symbolic meaning of objects based on nature and self has been ignored, and there is no longer a traditional correspondence with the theme of poetry. )