Poet Guo Moruo wrote an inscription: "There are scars in the world, sages in poetry, people suffering and waves at the bottom of the pen."
In 7 12 AD, Li Dan, the emperor of Zong Rui, who was succeeded by his son Li Longji by mutiny, changed his name to Taiji in January and Yanhe in May. In August of that year, the legend of Zong Rui was located in Longji Pro-Wangfu because of Xuanzong. In the literary world, Song committed suicide, and Wang Wan became the first scholar, attacking Xu Guogong, while Zhang Jiuling gave lectures and made up for him. Some key figures in the prosperous era of Kaiyuan have appeared one after another, and a magnificent historical drama is about to begin.
In the first month of this year, Du Fu was born in Yaowan (now Yaowan Village, Gongxian County, Henan Province).
Yaowan has beautiful scenery, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and Surabaya and Luoshui meet in front of us. There is a Bijia Mountain in the village, with an inkstone nest in front of it. According to folklore, Du Fu descended from the sky, so the local people attached many magical stories and relics.
Du Jia is an official who abides by Confucianism and officials. Du Yu, the distant ancestor of Du Fu, was a native of Jingzhao Ling Du (now Xi, Shaanxi). Known as "Du Wuku", he is familiar with law, economy, natural calculation and engineering, and also annotated Zuo Zhuan. He is the most respected figure in Du Fu's family. Du Fu often mentioned his thirteen ancestors in his poems, which made him very proud. Because of Du Yu, he called himself "Du Fu in Jingzhao", "Buyi in Ling Du" and "Shaoling Night Old". Du Xun, the tenth ancestor of Du Fu, moved to Xiangyang (now Hubei) with Du Nan in Jin Dynasty, so the history books also said that he was from Xiangyang, Xiangzhou. His great-grandfather Du was an official in Gong County, so his family moved to Gong County.
In the family, Du Fu's grandfather had an influence on Du Fu's youth and later. Du worked as a foreign minister in the catering department when he was in Takezawa, and later became a straight bachelor in Xiuwen Museum. He, Li Qiao, Cui Rong and Su Weidao are also called "four friends of articles", and he is the founder of five-character rhyme with Song and Shen Quanqi. Therefore, Du Fu often proudly said: "The poems of my ancestors are ancient" ("To Brother Lu Qiu, a Shu monk") and "Poetry is my family's business" ("The Holy Day of Zongwu").
Du Fu has an uncle named Du Bin, the second son of Du Fu. At the age of sixteen, my father was framed and imprisoned. He killed the enemy alone and avenged his father. As a result, he was shot dead on the spot. This extreme blood feud was affirmed and praised by people at that time, calling him a "dutiful son". I thought that the epitaph was a tribute to Wei Liu. This tragic act of righteousness will definitely make Du Fu have endless reverie.
Du Fu's mother was born in Qinghe (now Hebei) and died when Du Fu was young. Beautiful words, ranked second. My brother died young, and my younger brother, Du Guan, Du Zhan, Feng Du, and my older sister, who later married against the family, were all born to my stepmother Lu. When Du Fu was a child, he lived with his second aunt in Renfengli, Jianchunmen, Luoyang, the eastern capital, for a long time. He is young and weak, and his second aunt takes good care of him. On one occasion, Du Fu and his cousins were both infected with an epidemic, and the second aunt always took care of her nephew who had lost her biological mother before taking care of her own children. As a result, Du Fu's illness improved day by day, while his second aunt's son died of illness. Du Fu didn't hear this story until he grew up, so he was very moved. He also wrote an epitaph for this aunt who died before others.
Du Fu lived in Luoyang for a long time as a teenager. Luoyang is the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, and its political, economic and cultural status is no less than Chang 'an. Du Fu was excited about Luoyang's prosperity and people's peace, and Du Fu was gradually influenced by Luoyang's famous cultural relics. He has personally experienced or heard and witnessed many grand occasions since he was a child.
In the fifth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 17), Du Fu was six years old when he watched the famous dance artist Gong Sundaniang perform a vigorous sword dance in Yancheng (now southeast of Gongxian County, Henan Province). At that time, the audience was packed and the performance was very popular. Du Fu's memories in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Sichuan) in his later years are still vivid:
A long time ago, there was a beautiful Gongsun who came from the west with a sword. The audience is like a mountain lost between them, and the world moves back and forth with her movements. Yao, like a lead bullet, stood above nine days, and jumped on the wings of the dragon as quickly as an angel. She began to be like a thunderbolt, venting its anger and ending the shining calm like rivers and seas.
("Watching Gong Sundaniang's Disciples Dance Sword")
"Sword" and "Soul Tuo" are two kinds of healthy dances originating from the western regions, which are different from the gentle dances such as "picking lotus songs" and "flowers in the back garden" inherited from the Southern Dynasties. They are dripping wet, nervous and full of fighting spirit and vitality. It is said that Zhang Xu, a famous calligrapher, saw Gong Sundaniang's sword dance in Xihe, and realized the charm of art, and cursive script made rapid progress. Du Fu's poems are gloomy and full of charm, perhaps inspired by Gong Sundaniang's dance rhythm.
With the growth of age, Du Fu's body gradually became stronger. When he was fifteen, he was as strong as a small ox. He is childish, naive and lively, and his hands and feet are restless. In August, pears and dates were ripe, and he and his friends climbed the tree to pick fruits countless times a day.
Du Fu was an early reader. In addition to classics and historical works, he also likes to read the works of Qu Yuan, Song Yu, Sima Xiangru, Yang Xiong, Cao Zhi, Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Bao Zhao, He Xun, Yin Keng, Geng Xin and others. His books such as The Book of Songs, Songs of the South and Selected Works are his treasures. He once boasted that "reading is like writing". As far as reading is concerned, I am afraid it is mainly the foundation laid by youth. At the age of seven, he wrote his first novel Ode to the Phoenix (lost). Phoenix is an auspicious spirit bird, the king of birds, the beauty of feather family, and has many virtues. As far as image composition is concerned, it belongs to a comprehensive fictional animal, mainly birds, with the characteristics of birds and beasts. "Phoenix is coming, and the river shows a picture" has always been regarded as an auspicious sign. The appearance of phoenix birds in poems indicates the miracle of national security and the rise and fall of the world. Du Fu mentioned his earliest work "Singing the Phoenix", and later described this ghost bird many times. On the one hand, it showed children's rich imagination, on the other hand, it also sprouted the mystery of political rise and fall. Besides writing poems, Du Fu also began to learn calligraphy. At the age of nine, he wrote a schoolbag full of Chinese characters, and copied the words of Yu Shinan, a famous calligrapher in the early Tang Dynasty. Calligraphy has a certain skill. Later, I continued to work hard, so my calligraphy was also quite excellent.
When Du Fu was 14 or 15 years old, he had already made his mark in Luoyang literary world. Great writers such as Li Yong, William Wang, Cui Shang and Wei Qixin all attached great importance to him, and the latter two even compared him to the historian Ban Gu and the Han Dynasty writer Yang Xiong. He also frequented the brothers of dignitaries, met Li Fan, the chief estrangement, and Cui Di, the secretary in charge, and thus met Li Guinian, a great singer. Li Guinian and Gong Sundaniang are both celebrities in the pear garden. They sing beautifully and can charm 10 thousand people. Du Fu recalled his life at that time and said:
The sex industry is addicted to alcohol, disgusting and upright. If you are young, you will make old friends. If you drink too much, you will have a lot of desires. ("Zhuang You")
Young Toure's son is generous, unruly, addicted to alcohol, hating evil, and often hiding anything, with mixed comments. This is the same habit as genius, and it is also the same tragedy as genius. Du Fu's character laid the groundwork for his later difficulties, loss of ambition and drift from place to place.