Children's literature activities sprouted in the late Qing Dynasty, consciously initiated in the May 4th Movement in the early 20th century, and have a history of one hundred years.
With 1949 as the boundary, it belongs to two different times of children's literature, and six stages of literature development characterized by children's literature activities in the late Qing Dynasty, the May 4th Children's Literature Movement, children's literature in the wars in the 1920s and 40s, the new children's literature movement in the 1950s and 1960s, the barren period of children's literature in the 1960s and 1970s, and children's literature in the new period since the 1980s.
First, children's literature activities in the late Qing Dynasty-embryonic stage
It took about 20 years from the publication of Children's Monthly on 1875 to the publication of New Youth on 19 15. Among children's poems, there are school songs advocated and practiced by Liang Qichao and Huang Zunxian. Children's novels were initiated by Liang Qichao and Xu Nianci and translated by Bao. In fairy tales, there are Sun's compilation and Zhou Zuoren's research. In theory, Liang Qichao, Xu Nianci, Zhou Zuoren, Zhou Shuren and others all advocated and advocated strongly. Some newspapers and periodicals with children as the main readers have been published, as follows:
Children's monthly report (1875)
Journal of Mongolia (1897)
Fable (190 1)
Boys' World (1903)
Youth Daily (1907)
Mongolian Pictorial (1908)
Primary series (1908)
Children's Educational Painting (1909)
Fairy Tales Series (1909)
Youth magazine (19 1 1)
Boy Scouts of China (19 14)
Children's Pictorial (19 14), etc.
Second, the May 4th Children's Literature Movement-the period of consciousness
It took about 10 years from the publication of Youth Magazine in19 to the publication of Ye Shengtao's collection of fairy tales Scarecrow in 1923. The main literary phenomenon is the advocacy of children's literature by Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren, Hu Shi, Zhao and Guo Moruo. Mao Dun, Zheng Zhenduo, Ye Shengtao, Yu Pingbo, Bing Xin and other members of the "Literature Research Association" launched a colorful "Children's Literature Movement". The important newspapers or children's literature gardens created are as follows:
Children's world (192 1)
Children's Literature (192 1)
Children (1922)
Children's Literature (1923)
Morning Post Supplement Children's World (1923)
The important work is as follows:
Scarecrow (fairy tale)
Send it to young readers (prose)
Angel of the Vineyard (Musical)
The theoretical work is as follows:
Zhou Zuoren: children's literature (1920) and children's books (1923).
Hu Shi: Mandarin Movement and Literature (192 1)
Yan: An Introduction to Children's Literature (1920)
Guo Moruo: On Children's Literature (1922)
Wei Shouyong Zhou: An Introduction to Children's Literature (1924)
Ling Bing: Introduction to Pediatrics (1924), etc.
Third, the war children's literature-the first stage of development
It took about 25 years from 1923, when the Herald published the resolution of children's * * * organization movement, to 1948, the little hero in the rain. The main writers are: Ye Shengtao, Zhang Tianyi, Chen Bochui, He Yi, Zhong Qiu, Su Su, Jin Yong, Guo Moruo, Shen Congwen, Ba Jin, Lao She, Bing Xin, Feng Zikai, Buffon, Guo Feng, Tao Xingzhi, Yan Wenjing, Gao Shiqi, Dong Chuncai, Mao Dun, Hua Guan, Huashan, Zhang Leping and Huang Guliu.
The important work is as follows:
Alice China's Travel Notes (1928)
Xiaopo's birthday (1929)
Children Sineitai (1929)
Stone Statues of Ancient Heroes (193 1)
Miss Alice (193 1)
Dalin and Kobayashi (1932)
Biography of your son (1936)
Strange place (1936)
Wild children (1939)
Nannan and Uncle Beard (194 1)
Puppet Show (1945)
Jimaoxin (1945)
Red face shell (1946)
San Mao's Wandering Story (1947)
Shrimp ball pass (1947)
The Legend of Butterflies (1948)
Xiao Jieyu (1948)
The main theoretical work is as follows:
Chu Dongxiao: A Study of Children's Songs in China (1927)
Mao Dun: On Children's Literature (1935)
Zheng Zhenduo: Analysis of Children's Books in China (1936).
Xu Xingzhi: On Children's Drama during the Anti-Japanese War (1938)
Chen Bochui: Editing and Supply of Children's Literature (1947).
Zhao: Fairy Tale Review (1924), Fairy Tale Essay (1927).
Zhang Shengyu: Research on Children's Literature (1928)
Zhou Zuoren: On Children's Literature (1932)
Chen Bochui: A Study of Children's Stories (1932)
Wang Ren Road: A Study of Children's Books (1933),
Zhong Qiu, Jin Jin, He Yi: Research on Children's Books (1948), etc.
Fourth, the new children's literature movement-the second stage of development.
It took about 17 years from 1949 when the first national congress of writers and artists was held to 1966 when children's publishing house and China children's publishing house stopped publishing. It was also called 17 years before the Cultural Revolution. Important writers include Bing Xin, Zhang Tianyi, Gao Shiqi, Qin Zhaoyang, Yan Wenjing, Yuan Ying, Chen Bochui, He Yi, Ge, Jin Jin, Ren Dalin, Xu Guangyao, Liu Ruomin, Ke Yan, Ren Rongrong, Sun Youjun, Bao Lei, Hong Yuntao, Liu Houming, Tong Enzheng and Luke.
The important work is as follows:
The Flying of Swallows in Wan Li (1950)
Our mother soil (195 1)
Expose the secrets of lilliput (195 1)
Luo's story (1952)
Me and Xiao Rong (1953)
Children by the sea (1954)
Golden conch (1955)
Wild grape (1956)
The Story of "Little Soldier" (1956)
A good horse (1956)
The Secret of Treasure Gourd (1957)
"Next sailing port" (1957)
Pigs and pigs eat watermelon (1958)
Childhood friends (1958)
Song of the brook (1959)
Small orange lamp (1960)
Tadpole looking for mother (1960)
The Adventures of Little Cloth Head (196 1)
Qi Fei Goose (1962)
Private Zhang Ga (1962), etc.
Important theoretical works are as follows:
Chen Bochui: On Children's Literature (1957)
Jiang Feng: China's Speech on Children's Literature (1959)
He Yi: On Children's Literature (1960)
Mao Dun: A Random Talk on Children's Literature in 60 Years (196 1)
192 1- 1937 selected works of children's literature,191-1960 index of children's literature papers,19/kloc-.
The barren period of children's literature-the third stage of development
From the closure of two children's publishing houses in Shanghai and Beijing to the recovery of children's literature and youth literature in Beijing and Shanghai in 1977, it took about 10 years, that is, the decade of the Cultural Revolution. Important writers include Li Xintian, Hao Ran, Xu Ying, Yang Xiao and Gao Shiqi.
The important work is as follows:
Sparkling red star (1972)
Seedling collection, the story of Xiangyang Garden, red rain, March of life (both 1973), etc.
Important literary theories are as follows:
Lin Jinran: Grasping the Pulse of the Times (1973)
Yao Qingxin: Deliberate Re-creation, Happy New Harvest (1974)
Xie Zuo, Dian Lie: "Praise the little hero and express the big theme" (1975), etc.
Six, children's literature in the new period-four stages of development
1977 has been published for about 25 years, and a number of children's literature publications have been reprinted. Important writers are:, Ge, Zheng, Ye Yonglie, Jin Bo, Fan Fajia, Gao Hongbo,,, Ren Rongrong, Yin Shilin, Zhang Qiusheng, Xue Xianrong, Cao Wenxuan, Qin Wenjun, Zhang Zhilu, Mei Zihan, Shen Shixi, Wu Ran, Chen Danyan, Huang Beijia and Jin.
The important work is as follows:
Xiao Boyang wants to take over (1977)
Window of Magic (1978)
Dead light on coral island (1978)
Fly to Sagittarius (1979)
Birds in the Woods (1979)
Future roaming of PHS (1979)
Walking in the sea of clouds (1980)
Three monks (198 1)
Puppy house (198 1)
Soong Ching Ling and Children (1982)
Sheriff Black Cat (1982)
Camel treasure hunt (1982)
Wings of God (1984)
The seventh hunting dog (1985)
Trajectory of Thousand Birds Valley (1985)
China girl (1985)
Dreams of a Hundred Chinese Children (1989)
The Third Corps (199 1)
Whistle of Youth (1993)
Girl Jame (1993)
Flower season and rainy season (1996)
Caowu (1997)
The Legend of Dove Tree (1998)
Daughter's story (1999)
I want to be a good boy (2000)
Illegal wisdom (200 1)
Diary of a Boy (2002)
Ice Wave: The Complete Story of Stupid Cat (2002)
Tang Sulan: Attic Elf (2002), etc.
Important theoretical works are as follows:
He Yi: Miscellaneous Notes of Hua Xiaobai Gardeners Collection (1979)
Jiang Feng: An Introduction to Children's Literature (1982)
An introduction to children's literature (edited by five universities, 1982)
Hu Congjing: Children's Literature in the Late Qing Dynasty (1982)
Lu Bing: Literature for Educating Children (1982)
Wei Wei: An Overview of the History of Children's Literature in the World (1986)
Jiang Feng (Editor-in-Chief): History of Modern Children's Literature in China (1986), History of Contemporary Children's Literature in China (199 1), Chronicle of World Children's Literature (1992).
Hong: Fairy Tales (1986)
Wang Quangen: Pioneer of Modern Children's Literature (1987), Selected Works of Modern Children's Literature in China (1902- 1949), Selected Works of Contemporary Children's Literature in China (1949).
Tang Rui: A Preliminary Study on Comparative Children's Literature (1990)
Chen Zijun (Editor-in-Chief): History of Contemporary Children's Literature in China (199 1)
Dictionary of Children's Literature (Sichuan Children's Edition, 199 1)
Xue: Introduction to Fable (199 1)
Jin: The History of Fairy Tales in China (1992)
Wu Qinan: The History of Fairy Tales in China (1992)
Zhang Zhiwei: the first draft of the history of modern children's literature in China (1993)
Fang Weiping: A History of China's Children's Literature Theory Criticism (1993).
Sun Jianjiang: An Introduction to Children's Literature in China in the 20th Century (1995).
Zhang Meini and Chaoyang (editor. ): China Children's Literature School in the New Period (1996).
Wu Qinan: The History of Children's Literature in Transition (1997)
Zhu Ziqiang: The Essence of Children's Literature (1997)
Jiang Feng and Han Jin: History of Children's Literature in China (1998)
Peng Yi: A Guide to World Fantasy Children's Literature (1998)
Han Jin: The Origin of Children's Literature in China (1999)
Fan Fajia: Pursuing the Eternity of Children's Literature (2000)
Zhu Ziqiang: China Children's Literature and Modernization (2000)
Mei et al. Five people talk about children's literature in China (200 1).
Pu: On Pu's Children's Literature (2002)
Hasballah He et al. Introduction to Mongolian Children's Literature (2002)
Shu Peide: Watch and Expectation —— Shu Peide's Essays on Children's Literature (2003), etc.
(The author is the deputy editor-in-chief of Anhui Children's Publishing House)
China Reading Newspaper, February 6, 2004.