"Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies", this classic comes from Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything. There is a quip in "Zhuangzi's Theory of Everything": "Yesterday, Zhou Meng was a butterfly, lifelike, figurative, and I didn't know Zhou Ye. If you suddenly feel it, you will suddenly feel it. I don't know if Zhou's dream is a butterfly, but is the butterfly's dream Zhou He? " In the face of fierce competition and drastic changes in the Warring States period, Zhuang Zhou had an illusory and impermanent thought about life, while Li Shangyin used this allusion because of the decline of national strength, political turmoil and fate like duckweed in the late Tang Dynasty, implying that the years are like dreams, the past is like smoke, and the ideal is finally shattered. As Zhou said, "The golden harp of beauty, a complicated string, awakened the poet's dream and stopped sleeping".
Zhuangzi dreamed that he became a butterfly one day. When he woke up, he found that he was still Zhuangzi, so he didn't know whether he dreamed of a butterfly in Zhuangzi or a butterfly in Zhuangzi. Here, Zhuangzi raised a philosophical question-how people know the truth. If dreams are real enough, people have no ability to know that they are dreaming.
2. Looking forward to the emperor
"Wang Di Chun Xin Du Fu Tiao", this code comes from "Ji Shu" and says: "In the past, some people called Du Mingyu and Wang Shu, nicknamed Wang Di; After death, it is said that it became a second rule. Zigui is also called a bird. When Shu people heard Zi Gui's voice, they all looked at the emperor. "Du Yu entrusted Chun Qing to Du Fu, and the beauty entrusted Chun Qing to Jinse, which had the same effect and followed suit. The tapestry is full of strings and plaintive sounds. Isn't it as sad and touching as the cuckoo's cry?
The poet used this allusion to describe that he had no ambition in his life, but his ambition was rewarded.
3. Jiao Ren shed tears.
"Mermaid drops pearl-like tears into a moon-green sea" is a classic from Natural History and Man-making, which says: "There is Jiao Ren outside the South China Sea, and the water lives like a fish. Don't waste your work, your eyes are full of tears. " Legend has it that pearls are born in mussels and mussels are born in the sea. When the moon is bright and quiet, mussels open their mouths to the moon and get a piece of moonlight to raise their pearls before the aurora shines. The bright moon falls on the sea like pearls on the peak of tears. Here, the moon is like a pearl, and the beads are a metaphor for tears. Jiao Ren's tears turned into pearls, strange and magnificent, but it was hard to hide her cold and lonely feelings.
Poets use this code to show that they have no talent, like pearls in the sea, and only tears remain after their beautiful ideals are shattered.
4. The weather in Lantian is warm.
This sentence comes from a famous sentence in Lu Ji's "Wen Fu": "Stone is like jade, reflecting mountains, and water is full of beads." Si Kongtu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, once quoted a passage from Dai Shulun: "The poet's scenery, such as a warm Lantian, is close at hand and should not be placed in front of him." Li Shangyin's "Lantian is breathing their jade at the sun" should be used as this code. According to the Records of Chang 'an, "Lantian Mountain is located in Chang 'an County (now 30 miles south of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province) and produces jade, also known as Yushan. "Legend has it that the plum rain is far away, not near, so it can't be put before it is imminent.
Poets use this to explain the confusion and contradiction after ideal feelings and pursuit of disillusionment. For the noble pursuit, the poet is passionate and persistent, but the poet can't get close to it, so he has to lament. (Tang Jie)
5. Good jade makes smoke
Originated in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Yu Zi, the youngest daughter of Fu Cha, the king of Wu, adored Han Zhong and wanted to marry him, but she failed, so she died of depression. When Han Zhong came back from studying abroad, he went to her grave to pay his respects. Suddenly, Yu Zi showed his true colors, gave a pearl to Han Zhong and sang for him. Han Feng wanted to hug her, but Yu Zi disappeared like smoke.
The poet described poetry as "the sky is warm in the daytime, and the jade produces smoke."