Bai Di is a famous scenic spot at the entrance of Three Gorges, located in the east of Kuizhou (now fengjie county, Chongqing), surrounded by cliffs and facing the river. Du Fu lived in Kuizhou in his later years and wrote many works about Baidicheng, which is one of them.
"The city is full of clouds and is an independent and ethereal flying building." The first sentence highlighted the height of "the tallest building in Bai Di": the city is high and dangerous, flags are planted everywhere in the city, and flags are also worried about the risk of tower height, which goes without saying. The tower of Baidicheng is towering over this ethereal moment, and the poet stands in front of the building and looks around with his eyes wide open. Its high foothold and broad vision make the whole poem shrouded in a magnificent momentum before it is unfolded.
"Wolong tiger in the gorge, Jiangqing day tour." I saw this couplet at the head of the building: suddenly, if the gorge is cracked, the clouds are light and the wind is light, and the strange rocks are like dragons and tigers, lying in the heart; Suddenly, the river is clear, the sun is shining in the sky, and the stones on the beach are shining in the light and shadow. Another example is the walking of catfish. Different weather, different sports parts. The two sentences happened at the same time, describing the sudden change of kanlou vividly.
"The west branch of Fusang leans on the broken stone, and the weak water flows with the east shadow." Fusang, a kind of Shenmu originated from the East in ancient mythology, is about several thousands of feet long; Weak water is the next stream in the West Kunlun Mountain in ancient mythology. The poet can't help but dream of an illusory realm: if he sees the branches on the west side of Fusang facing the gorge, the shadow on the east side of the weak water seems to follow the Yangtze River.
In the past, poets used these two code names, generally written by Cao Zhi, "Looking to the east to help Sang Fuyao, lying in the west to make the water weak." Du Fu's poems, on the other hand, do the opposite, sticking to the topic of the poem and trying to exaggerate the height of the tower, hoping to help Sangzi move westward. It is said that the river is far away, so it can receive weak water from the east. Write real scenes in a virtual environment and convey charm in fiction and facts.
"Who is the person who laments the world? Blood and tears burst back to the white head. " The poet's eyes fell back to the roof from the increasingly illusory prospect, and he looked at the sky with a staff. The situation is similar to the "independence" sentence in the first couplet. Facing the endless river, he stood on this steep mountain peak, and his heart was materialized. He asked, "Who is sighing?"
It seems that I have reached the state of forgetting myself. But after all, it was hard to stick to it, and I only shed tears for a day and a half. The poet has been wandering all his life, but he can't go back to his original place after half a century. When he wrote this poem, it was only three or four years since the Anshi Rebellion subsided. There are many things to do between the government and the opposition. National hatred and homesickness have been suppressed in his heart all his life. Only by looking back, the bleak sense of desolation in this place gradually faded away.
This is a clumsy seven-syllable poem with rhyming and archaic syllables. Its depressed mood, angry tone and mutual cooperation break through the traditional harmony in the seven laws and give people a refreshing feeling. In addition, the pattern is rigorous. The first couplet describes tall buildings, the second couplet describes close-up scenes, the third couplet plans to think about long-term prospects, and the last couplet expresses feelings about life experiences, connecting the past with the future, and poetry is orderly.
As Wang Siyuan in Qing Dynasty commented on Du Yi, "This poem is really strange, and it is the heart of worrying about the world. It was sent to remove its obstacles and sigh the world. It's an outline of a chapter, with tears streaming down her face, beginning with sighing. It' s strange to write about the height of the building in the air. "