The Book of Songs is the earliest poetry collection in my country. It contains 305 poems from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period. It was also called the "Three Hundred Poems" in ancient times. Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty first called it the Book of Songs. The existing "Book of Songs" was handed down by Mao Heng of the Han Dynasty, so it is also called "Mao Shi" and is compiled into three parts: "Feng", "Ya" and "Song".
It is said that the poems in the Book of Songs had lyrics that could be sung at that time. According to the nature of the music, it can be divided into Feng, Ya and Song categories. "Feng" includes Zhou Nan, Zhao Nan, Bei Feng, Yong Feng, Wei Feng, Wang Feng, Zheng Feng, Qi Feng, Wei Feng, Tang Feng, Qin Feng, Chen Feng, Hui Feng, Cao Feng, and Bin Feng. Known as the Fifteen Kingdoms Style, most of them are folk songs from the Yellow River Basin, and a small part are works processed by nobles, with a total of 160 pieces. "Ya" includes Xiaoya and Daya, with 105 articles. "Elegance" is basically the work of nobles, and only part of Xiaoya comes from the folk. "Song" includes Zhou Song, Lu Song and Shang Song, with a total of 40 chapters. Songs are the lyrics used for sacrifices in the palace. Generally speaking, the ballads from the folk are lively and lively, while the poems written by the court nobles pale in comparison and have little poetic flavor.
The Book of Songs is the source of Chinese verse and the glorious starting point of the history of Chinese poetry. It has various forms: epic poems, satirical poems, narrative poems, love songs, war songs, carols, seasonal songs and labor songs. It is rich in content and reflects all aspects of social life in the Zhou Dynasty, such as labor and love, war and corvee, oppression and resistance, customs and marriage, ancestor worship and banquets, and even celestial phenomena, landforms, animals, plants, etc. . It can be said that "The Book of Songs" is a mirror of the society of the Zhou Dynasty. The language of the Book of Songs is the most important material for studying the general situation of the Chinese language from the 11th century BC to the 6th century BC.
The Book of Songs is the earliest poetry collection in my country. Originally called "Poems", it was compiled in the Spring and Autumn Period in the 6th century BC and contains 305 chapters, so it is also called "Three Hundred Poems". Confucius used "Three Hundred Poems" as a teaching material for moral education. Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has regarded it as a classic and regarded it as one of the "Six Classics", so it was called "The Book of Songs". The Book of Songs extensively reflects ancient social life and is full of realistic spirit. It is the source of our country's poetic realism tradition.
According to the system, "The Book of Songs" is divided into three categories: "wind", "elegance" and "song".
(1) "Wind" has the style of fifteen countries. Most of them are folk songs. They are oral creations of the people at that time. They reflect the style of society and the people's joys and sorrows. They are the essence of the "Book of Songs" .
(2) "Ya" is divided into Daya and Xiaoya, which are the lyrics of court music.
(3) "Song" is divided into Zhou Song, Lu Song and Shang Song. It is a song for sacrifices in ancestral temples.
The expression techniques of "The Book of Songs" include: Fu, Bi and Xing.
(1) The person who writes Fu is also a proponent of writing poems and writings. ——Presentation
(2) To compare, to compare this thing with that thing. ——Metaphor
(3) To start, say something else first to trigger the words to be chanted. ——Lenovo
Feng, Ya, Song and Fu, Bi, and Xing are collectively called the "Six Meanings of the Book of Songs", and poetry, calligraphy, etiquette, music, Yi, and Spring and Autumn are collectively called the "Six Arts"
"Guo Feng" and "Li Sao" in "The Book of Songs" are both called "Feng Sao", representing the two major literary traditions of realism and romanticism in our country. "Coquettish" descendants refer to literary talent. Poems were written in the Spring and Autumn Period to express aspirations, and poems were quoted from writings in the Warring States Period.
Confucius: "Three hundred poems can be summed up in one sentence: Poetry is innocent."
Confucius: "Poetry can be inspiring (associating politics and religion), and it can be observed (observing gains and losses) ), you can complain (sarcastic politics), those who are near are your father, those who are far are your king, and you know the names of birds, beasts, and trees.
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