Original text:
Hate to leave ①
Du Fu
Luo City ② parted four thousand miles away, Hu Qi ③ drove for five or six years .
The grass and trees are decaying and the swords are moving outside ④, and the soldiers are blocked by the old river.
I feel homesick as I walk in the moonlight and stand up at night, recalling my younger brother sleeping in the daytime watching the clouds.
Hearing that Heyang was about to win, Situ was anxious to defeat Youyan ⑤.
Translation:
I have been wandering around since I left Luocheng. I am four thousand miles away from it, and it has been five or six years since the barbarians drove straight into it. The vegetation began to fade from green, and I came outside the Jiange. I grew old by the river because of the enemy. I miss my hometown and my hometown. On the cold moonlit night, I can't sleep because of my thoughts, and I suddenly step and stand up. In the cold day, I lie down and watch the moving clouds, and fall asleep due to exhaustion. What is gratifying is that I heard that Situ has recently captured Heyang and is taking advantage of the victory to pursue the enemy, eager to capture Youyan.
Notes on difficult points: ① This is a seven-character poem written by Du Fu in Chengdu in the first year of Shangyuan (760). ②Luocheng: Luoyang ③Refers to the rebels of the Anshi Rebellion. ④ Outside the sword: south of the sword pavilion, this refers to the land of Shu. ⑤ I heard two sentences: Situ refers to Li Guangbi, who was the inspector of the school at that time. In March of the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, the inspector Li Guangbi defeated An Taiqing at the foot of Huaizhou City; in April, he defeated Shi Siming in Xizhu, Heyang. At that time, Li Guangbi was eager to attack Youyan, the rebels' home base, to break the stalemate.
Appreciation and Instructions:
This poem shows the scene of the poet wandering in a foreign land during the Anshi Rebellion. It expresses the emotion of being exiled in a foreign land and the yearning for his hometown and relatives. It also expresses how he heard the victory. The joy at the news. The words are sincere, melancholy and frustrating, and touching.
When appreciating this poem, one must first pay attention to the expressive effect of the wording, and secondly, pay attention to the implicit meaning of the meaning, which is embodied in the depiction and narrative of the image. The words "one farewell" and "long drive" in the first couplet, as well as the words "decline" and "old" in the first couplet, on the one hand show the arrogance of the rebels, on the other hand they also show the poet's helplessness, sadness and wandering during the Anshi Rebellion. A haggard encounter. The neck couplet expresses the deep affection of homesickness and memory of one's brother through the detailed description of life such as "Sleeping at night and sleeping all day, worried and abnormal" ("Detailed Notes on the Collection of Du Shaoling"). The words "missing home" and "remembering my brother" in these two sentences are intertextual, euphemistically and tortuously expressing the infinite feelings of missing relatives, highlighting the "hate to say goodbye" in the title. Shen Deqian commented on this couplet and said: "If you talk about how to think and how to remember, the love affairs are easy to be forgotten. 'Stepping on the Moon' and 'Looking at the Clouds' have the beauty of not mentioning the sadness." ("Collection of Tang Poems") This is saying, It is not an abstract romance, but uses concrete and vivid images to allow readers to experience the sadness contained in the images. The technique is subtle and ingenious, the poetry is meaningful and full of emotion.
This seven-rhyme poem uses simple and beautiful language to narrate and express emotions, with short words and deep feelings. The poet combined his personal misfortune with the fate of the country. Each sentence contains rich connotations and rich poetic sentiment, which is worth reciting repeatedly.