Willow (folding willow to see you off)
It originated from The Book of Songs Xiaoya Cai Wei, "I was absent in the past, Liu Yiyi; Today, I think it's raining. " The ancients liked to fold willows to bid farewell, which means to bid farewell to homesickness.
The custom of folding willows to bid farewell originated in the Han Dynasty for three reasons:
On the one hand, inseparable wicker dancing with the wind is very similar to inseparable, uninterrupted and chaotic parting sadness.
Second, "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, so folding the willow to bid farewell means retaining, saying goodbye and giving up.
Third, willow branches have the habit of being born everywhere, giving gifts to each other and wishing friends a smooth and prosperous life in a foreign land.
02
Wine (for farewell dinner)
"Ask the world, who cares about parting? What's in the cup? " (Xin Qiji's "Man Jiang Hong")
The ancients often bid farewell to each other, and wine can not only relieve sadness, but also be full of deep blessings.
There are many poems that associate alcohol with divorce, such as:
In Wang Wei's Weicheng Qu, he advised you to drink more and go out of Yangguan for no reason.
There is a saying in Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip: "Wine leaves sorrow and parting, and the river looks at the moon from afar."
But we drink to the guest who came back from the camp, and to the huqin, guitar and harp he played in Song of Snow.
They all use wine to express their feelings of parting.
Therefore, many parting poems are full of strong wine fragrance, full of affection and friendship.
03
Dusk time
Words indicating evening often appear in farewell poems, such as sunset, sunset, sunset glow, dusk snow and dusk bell.
It's not that poets like to say goodbye in the evening, but that the sadness of parting is in harmony with the sense of vastness in the twilight.
For example, in Li Bai's Farewell to Friends, "I miss you in the clouds and miss me in the sunset",
In "Bai Xuege Farewell to Tian Wu Wu Return Home", he wrote: "At dusk, the snow will press the tent and the red flag will not move.
They all wrote goodbye in the evening.
At the same time, in the evening, the club will return to the forest with the birds, and the fish will sink to the bottom of the pool, which will even remind the wanderers to leave their husbands far away.
Therefore, the intention of "sunset" appears not only in farewell poems, but also in many homesick poems, such as:
"But I look to my hometown, and the twilight is getting thicker, and there is a sad mist on the river waves." At the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao,
In Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si, "When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world."
In the evening, it is easier to arouse the homesickness of wanderers.
04
moon
The moon is also a common image in farewell poems. Moonlight gives people a hazy, blurred and desolate feeling, which is consistent with the deep and long, euphemistic and sad parting.
Moreover, the moon contains the symbolic meaning of homesickness and homesickness, so the ancients often used the moon to express their feelings.
For example, Dongpo's "Water Tune Song Tou": "There should be no hate, so why should parting be round?" "I hope people will live for a long time and have a good scenery for thousands of miles";
The "Moon" in Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Thinking Far" is full of crossing the sea now, and the horizon is * * * at this time. Bring a separated heart, and the night is long and considerate. "
These poems were written by poets who saw the moon when they were separated from their relatives in Wan Li. Through the contrast of the moon, the abstract parting is more touching.