He who seeks hermit will not find him
Jia Dao
Panasonic asked the boy,
The master went to collect medicine.
Only in this mountain,
I don’t know where the clouds are.
Appreciation
"The Hermit Is Not Encountered" was written by Wei Ye, a poet from the Song Dynasty, who went to visit a hermit living in seclusion on Penglai Island, but did not meet him. Wei Ye's poem "Those who seek hermitage are not found"
He found this place to be very beautiful, surrounded by high mountains and bursting with pines and waves. When the poet went to the hermit's residence, the hermit went to collect medicine. The poet was a little disappointed, but when he saw the sky-like scenery, he felt cheerful again. In this poem, Wei Ye depicts a fresh and refined Penglai fairyland, thereby expressing his transcendent mind, which is fascinating. We are familiar with Jia Dao's song "He Who Seeks Hermitage Is Not Encountered", "Matsushita asked the boy, and asked the teacher to go collect medicine. Only in this mountain, the clouds are deep and I don't know where to go." The inner world and yearning of the two are consistent, and they can be said to be the same. Qu Tonggong. Wei Ye, a poet in the early Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Zhongxian and the name is Caotang Jushi. Originally from Shu, he later moved to Shaanzhou (now Shaanxian County, Henan Province). He built his own thatched cottage in the eastern suburbs of Shaanxi Province. He often played the piano and composed poems in the spring forest. At that time, many prominent officials and celebrities, such as Kou Zhun, interacted with him. Song Zhenzong summoned him when he went west to Fenshui, but he avoided seeing him. He remained in office for the rest of his life, and after his death he was awarded the posthumous gift of a great scholar. Wei Ye's life experience is consistent with the emotions expressed in the poem. He is a true hermit, not a hypocrite who takes the shortcut to Zhongnan. Wei Ye's poems imitate Yao He and Jia Dao, and work hard. However, his poems are simple and distant, without the disadvantages of being harsh and thin. There are occasionally desolate and magnificent sentences, which were rare in the early Song Dynasty. Wei Ye and Lin Bu were both high-ranking scholars in the early Song Dynasty. Although his posthumous poetry reputation was not as good as that of Lin Bu, his reputation at that time was actually higher than that of Lin Bu.
The Yellow Crane Tower sends Meng Haoran to Guangling
Li Bai
The old friend bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower in the west,
Fireworks descend to Yangzhou in March.
The shadow of the solitary sail is gone in the blue sky.
Only the Yangtze River can be seen flowing in the sky.
Appreciation
This is a farewell poem, which combines feelings of separation and scenery. The first sentence points out the place of farewell: the famous Yellow Crane Tower; the second sentence describes the time and destination of farewell: the spring scenery of "Fireworks in March" and the scenic "Yangzhou" in the southeast; the third and fourth sentences describe the scene of farewell: watching Gufan. Gone far away; leaving only a river of spring water. The poem uses the gorgeous and mottled spring scenery of fireworks and the vast Yangtze River as the background. It does its best to render it, and paints a farewell painting of a poet with a broad artistic conception, endless love, bright colors and a suave and elegant mood. "Fireworks descend on Yangzhou in March", a retired scholar from Hengtang commented: "A beautiful poem for the ages." reasonable. This farewell poem has its own special emotional tone. It is different from the youthful farewell in Wang Bo's "Send Off Du Shaofu to Shuzhou", and it is also different from the affectionate and considerate farewell in Wang Wei's "Weicheng Song". This poem expresses a poetic farewell. The reason why this is so is because this is the farewell of two elegant poets, and because this parting is related to a prosperous era, prosperous season, and prosperous area, and the happy breakup also carries the poet Li Bai's feelings. Yearning, which makes this parting extremely poetic.
Sitting alone on Jingting Mountain
Li Bai
All the birds are flying high,
The lonely cloud is alone.
I never get tired of seeing each other.
There is only Jingting Mountain.
Appreciation
The first two lines of this poem, "All the birds are flying high, and the lone cloud is alone," seem to describe the scene in front of you, but in fact, they describe all the sadness. : A few birds flew high in the sky and flew away until they disappeared without a trace; there was still a white cloud in the vast sky, but it did not want to stay, and slowly drifted farther and farther away, as if everything in the world was rejecting the poet. The words "end" and "xian" lead readers into a "quiet" realm: it seems that they feel particularly quiet after the noise of a group of mountain birds disappears; they feel particularly quiet and calm after the rolling thick clouds disappear. It has both the meaning of disappearing and the feeling of slowly disappearing into the sky. Leisure is mainly used to express leisurely feelings, and the leisurely mood of Guyun is used to set off the leisurely mood of the author. These two words enhance the artistic conception of "independence". The main reason is that the author is sitting alone but in a leisurely mood, which is in line with Li Bai's own immortal thoughts. Therefore, in these two sentences, "dynamic" is written to meet "quiet", and "dynamic" is used to contrast "quiet". This kind of "quietness" highlights the loneliness and loneliness of the poet's soul. This vivid way of writing can give readers associations, and it also implies that the poet has been visiting Jingting Mountain for a long time, outlining the image of him "sitting alone" in trance, which pave the way for the second line of "the two never tire of looking at each other". The images of these two sentences are juxtaposed in the style of "stars over the moon". The central word "bird" in the previous sentence is the central image, and the word "fly" is added to form a composite image, which strengthens the meaning of dynamic expression. "Birds" can remind readers of a quiet and peaceful scene in the mountains. The birds singing gracefully in the empty mountains have a special sense of fun. But in front of them, the birds are flying high and getting farther and farther away from people. The word "high" plays a role in expanding space. Looking up, in the vast blue sky, birds are flying away until they are no longer visible. The word "end" enhances the expression of this sentence and shows Li Bai's melancholy at this time. In the last sentence, "cloud" is the central word, which is compounded with "go", and the silent clouds are gradually drifting away. The clouds are not white clouds all over the sky, they are just "lonely clouds" without a companion, but they drift away slowly and leisurely.
The poet writes about Guyun's state with "leisure", highlighting the process of leaving, allowing readers to feel the poet's inner unbearability and helplessness when savoring Guyun's leaving state. The two words "end" and "idle" lead readers into a "quiet" state: it seems that they feel particularly quiet after the noise of a group of mountain birds disappears; they feel particularly quiet and peaceful after the thin clouds disperse. They all seem to have spirituality, unwilling to be with the poet, and move away from the poet, leaving only a vast and vast space. Sitting in such a space, the poet appears even more lonely and insignificant. In fact, the birds in the mountains and forests cannot fly away, and the clouds cannot float into the sky. In the poem, all the birds and lonely clouds leave the poet. This is the result of the poet's emotional reflection. It is the vast space intentionally created by the poet to express his lonely emotions. This vivid way of writing can remind readers: Li Bai has been sitting there for a while. He watched the birds and lonely clouds gradually fly away. The birds and lonely clouds all left Jingting Mountain, and he was the only one. Still sitting there admiring it, it outlines the image of him "sitting alone" in trance, paving the way for the second line of "the two never tire of looking at each other". The third and fourth sentences, "Jingting Mountain is the only place we can never tire of looking at each other," use romanticism to personify and personalize Jingting Mountain. Although the bird flew away, the poet still did not go back, nor did he want to go back. He stared at the quiet and beautiful Jingting Mountain for a long time, feeling that Jingting Mountain seemed to be looking at him lovingly. There is no need to say anything between them, they have reached emotional communication. "We never tire of seeing each other" expresses the deep feelings between the poet and Jingting Mountain. The words "phase" and "liang" are synonymous, closely linking the poet with Jingting Mountain, showing strong feelings. At the same time, "looking at each other" also points out the lonely scene where there are only "mountain" and "me" at this moment, which overlaps with the word "two", and the mutual dependence between the mountain and people arises spontaneously. The word "only" in the conclusion is also refined, which highlights the poet's love for Jingting Mountain. "It is enough to have a confidant in life." To the poet, it is not important for a bird to fly into the clouds. The artistic conception created by these two lines of poetry is still "quiet". On the surface, it seems that the poet is looking at Jingting Mountain opposite each other with affection. In fact, the more the poet writes about the "sentimentality" of mountains, the more he expresses the "ruthlessness" of people; and his cold treatment, lonely and desolate situation is also revealed in this quiet scene. Dynamic images such as "birds" and "lonely clouds" are juxtaposed with static images such as "Jingting Mountain". Only quantitative changes occur in the dimensions of time and space, while qualitative changes occur in the psychological dimension. Changes: Scholar-officials who have ideals and talents but are suppressed in politics often have a special sensitivity to "passing away" and "dissipation". People are short-lived but the universe is eternal, which is often the sigh they express when they do not meet. The poet cited the eternal mountain as his confidant, which may be a last resort after "Chang'an was no longer visible". Even if Chang'an invites him, he doesn't know if he will follow "the birds flying high". In the poet's writing, the beautiful scenery, streams and small bridges of Jingting Mountain are missing. It is not that Jingting Mountain has nothing to write about, because Jingting Mountain "borders Wan River in the east, overlooks the city gate in the south, and is surrounded by sails in Yanshi City. It is very picturesque." Judging from the poem, it is impossible to know the poet's position relative to the mountain. It may be on the top of the mountain, or in an open area, but these are not important. The purpose of writing this poem is not to praise the scenery, but to express emotions through the scenery. It uses the wordless scenery to express the helplessness in the heart. The poet found solace in the personified Jingting Mountain, and seemed to feel less lonely. However, it is precisely here that the loneliness deep in the poet's heart is expressed more prominently. The profound loneliness in the world and the tragic atmosphere of the poet's life permeate the entire poem. The whole poem seems to be all about scenery and not a single word about emotion. However, since scenery is created by emotion, although every sentence is a scenery, every sentence is emotion. As Wang Euzhi said, it is "the scenery in the emotion, the scenery in the scenery". Affection".
Four Seasons of Pastoral Excitement
Fan Chengda
Working in the fields during the day and working on hemp crops at night,
The children of the village are each responsible for their own affairs.
The children and grandchildren have not yet been raised for farming and weaving.
They also learn to grow melons near the mulberry tree.
Brief Analysis
"Pastoral Miscellany in Four Seasons" is a group of large-scale rural poems written by the poet after he retired to his hometown. There are sixty poems in total, describing spring and summer in rural areas. The scenery and the lives of farmers in the four seasons of autumn, winter and autumn also reflect the exploitation suffered by farmers and the hardship of life. This is one of them, describing a scene in rural summer life.
The first sentence "I work in the fields during the day and work on hemp at night" means: I go to the fields to weed during the day and twist the hemp thread at night. "Tilting" means weeding. In early summer, the rice seedlings need to be weeded. This is what men do. "Ji Ma" means that after women finish other work during the day, they knead twine and weave it into cloth at night. This sentence directly describes the labor scene. In the second sentence, "The children of the village are responsible for their own families." "Children" refers to men and women. The whole poem uses the tone of old farmers, and "children" refers to young people. "Head of the family" means that both men and women have no time to spare, and each has his or her own business. The third sentence "Children and grandchildren are not yet available for plowing and weaving." "Children and grandchildren" refers to those children. They don't know how to farm or weave, but they are not idle either. They have been exposed to it since childhood and love to work, so they "learned to grow melons near the mulberry trees", and learned to grow melons under the lush mulberry trees. This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, but it is quite unique. The conclusion expresses the innocence of rural children.
The poet uses a fresh style of writing to give a more detailed description of the tense labor atmosphere in the countryside in early summer, which is very interesting to read.
Encounter (Part 1)
Zhang Jiuling
The orchid leaves are lush in spring, and the osmanthus flowers are bright and clear in autumn.
Happy for this business, it’s a festive season.
Who knows that those who live in the forest will feel happy when they hear the wind and sit there.
The grass and trees have their own intention, so why ask for beauty?
The orchid leaves are blooming and fragrant in spring, and the sweet-scented osmanthus is bright and fragrant in autumn. Revealing vitality in different seasons, embellishment of spring and enriching autumn scenery. Those who live in the forest climb flowers and break branches when they smell the fragrance. It is their nature to emit fragrance, not in the hope that others will break them.
Appreciation of this poem uses metaphorical techniques to imply the elegance and fragrance of spring orchid and autumn osmanthus. It does not seek vanity or flatter the powerful; the fragrance comes from nature, not to win the appreciation of others. In this way, he encourages himself and entertains himself, revealing the poet's noble character of being clean and self-sufficient, loyal and noble, and not collaborating with sycophants.
Weichuan Tianjia
Wang Wei
The setting sun shines on the countryside, and the cattle and sheep return to the back alleys.
The old man in the wild misses the shepherd boy and leans on his stick to wait for the thorn tree.
The pheasants and wheat seedlings are beautiful, and the silkworms are dormant and the mulberry leaves are sparse.
Tian Fuhe arrived, hoeing, and talked to each other.
I am so envious of leisure and leisure, and I recite "The Decline of the World" with regret. [1]
Appreciation
The poet depicts a picture of Tian's homecoming in peace and contentment. Although they are ordinary things, they are full of poetry and show the poet's superb scene description skills.
The whole poem uses simple line drawing techniques to describe the scene where people and things have returned. It reflects the poet's mood and expresses his desire to return home and his envy of the peaceful and leisurely pastoral life. It reveals the poet's loneliness and depression in officialdom. [2]
The setting sun shines on the village fence, and the grazing cattle and sheep return to the deep alleys. An old man in the village, leaning on crutches in front of the firewood gate. A shepherd boy waiting to return home late from grazing. From the wheat fields with sprouting ears and ears, the cries of pheasants could be heard. The mulberry leaves on the mulberry trees are sparse, and the silkworms are about to spin silk. Farmers returning from the fields, carrying hoes, greet each other and whisper to each other. This situation. How can we not envy the tranquility of living in seclusion, chanting the poem "The Decline", wanting to go back to seclusion but not being able to do so, and my mind can't help but be confused and melancholy. [3]
Appreciation of works
As the sun sets and night approaches, the afterglow of the setting sun shines on the village (rural), and the returning cattle and sheep pour into the village lanes. . The old man was thinking about his grandson who had gone to graze, and he was leaning on crutches outside the firewood gate to watch his return. Amidst the crowing of pheasants, the ears of wheat are already showing, and the silkworms that have eaten enough mulberry leaves are beginning to go dormant. With a good harvest in sight, farmers returning from their hoeing days met each other and chatted passionately about their daily routines. This beautiful scene reminded the poet of the disgusting fighting in the officialdom, and how quiet and comfortable it would be to live in seclusion in such a rural area. While melancholy, he couldn't help but recite the words in the "Book of Songs" "In decline, decline, Hu will not return?" (meaning: It's getting dark, it's getting dark, why haven't you gone home yet?), which expresses his desire to retreat to the countryside. Wang Wei was proficient in music, painting, and calligraphy, and had profound artistic accomplishment; Su Dongpo commented that there were paintings in his poems and poems in his paintings. The poem above can be said to be a pastoral painting.
The core of the poem is the word "return". At the beginning, the poet first describes the scene of the setting sun shining slantingly on the village, exaggerating the strong atmosphere of twilight, which serves as the general background and unifies the entire article. Then, the poet landed on the word "return", describing the scene of cattle and sheep slowly returning to the village, which naturally reminded people of a few poems in the "Book of Songs": "Chickens roost in the pond, and the sun is setting." , the sheep and cattle come down. What should a gentleman do when he is at work?" The poet watched the cattle and sheep return to the village infatuatedly until they disappeared into the alley. At this moment, the poet saw a more touching scene: outside Chaimen, a kind old man on crutches was waiting for the children returning from grazing. This simple affection exuding the fragrance of earth infected the poet and seemed to share the joy of the shepherd boy returning home. For a moment, he felt that all the life in the field seemed to be thinking about returning home at dusk. The pheasants in the wheat field crow so emotionally, as they are calling for their spouses; there are not many mulberry leaves left in the mulberry forest, and the silkworms begin to spin silk and make cocoons, creating their own comfort zone and finding their own destination. . In the fields, farmers were seen in twos and threes, returning from the fields with hoes on their shoulders. They met by chance on the field paths and chatted cordially. It was almost a bit of fun and they forgot to return home. The poet witnessed all this and thought of his own situation and life experience, and was very emotional. Since Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling was squeezed out of the imperial court in 737 AD (the twenty-fifth year of Kaiyuan), Wang Wei deeply felt that he had lost political support and was in a dilemma. In this mood, he came to the wilderness and saw that everyone had returned to their destination, but he was still wandering in the middle. He couldn't help but feel envious and melancholy. Therefore, the poet sighed with emotion and said: "I am so envious of leisure and leisure, and I chant "The Decline" in sadness." In fact, farmers are not leisurely. But the poet felt that compared with the official life that he was worried about, the farmers were much safer and more comfortable, so they had a sense of leisure. "Shi Wei" is an article in "The Book of Songs Bei Feng". The poem repeatedly chants: "Shi Wei, Shi Wei, Hu will not return?" The poet uses this to express his eagerness to return to the countryside. Not only is it similar in artistic conception to the first sentence "The setting sun "Photography of the countryside" reflects each other, and the content also falls on the word "Gui", which makes the description of the scene and the lyricism fit together seamlessly, and reveals the theme in a finishing touch. After reading this last sentence, I suddenly realized: so many "returns" written before are actually a contrast. It means that everyone has a return, which contrasts that I have nothing to return to; it means that everyone returns in a timely, kind and comfortable way. It contrasts with the loneliness and depression of his late retirement and his involvement in the officialdom. This last line is the heart and soul of the whole poem. If you think that the poet's original intention is to complete the picture of Tian's late return, this is superficial.
The whole poem does not involve engraving or painting, but is purely drawn in white. It is natural, fresh and full of poetry. [1]
Guan Shanyue
Li Bai
The bright moon rises out of the Tianshan Mountains, among the vast sea of ??clouds. The wind blows tens of thousands of miles across Yumen Pass.
The Han Dynasty descended to the Baideng Road, and the Hu took a peek at the Qinghai Bay. The origin of the battle was that no one returned.
The garrison guests looked at the side with a sad look on their faces as they thought about returning home. The tall building is like this night, sighing is not enough.
Rhyme translation:
The bright moon rises from the Qilian Mountains, floating gently in the confused sea of ??clouds.
Long winds stirred up dust and sand that swept tens of thousands of miles away. Yumen Pass had long been sealed off by layers of wind and sand.
There are many banners of the Han army on Baideng Road, but Qinghai Bay is a place where barbarians can spy.
This has been a place of fighting and fighting since ancient times, and no one who participated in the war survived.
When Zhengfu, who is guarding the border, faces reality, who doesn’t look sad and longing for his hometown?
Tonight, the wives in the high-rise buildings who miss their husbands should be lying in front of the windows and sighing.
Commentary: This poem still inherits the ancient Yuefu style in content, but the poet's writing power has been greatly improved. The first four sentences of the poem mainly describe the vast frontier fortress scene including the three elements of pass, mountain and moon, thus showing the nostalgic mood of the soldiers; the middle four sentences specifically describe the scenes of war, the battlefield is tragic and cruel; the last four sentences The sentence writes that Zhengren looked at the border and missed his hometown, and then thought about his wife sighing in the high-rise building on a moonlit night. These last four sentences are in the same tone as the poet's "Spring Thoughts" "When the king returns home, it is the time when the concubine's heart breaks." And "the origin of the battlefield is that no one has returned" is synchronized with Wang Changling's "yellow dust is enough for the present and the past, and white bones are a mess of wormwood".
Song of Saigon
Wang Changling
The cicadas sing in the empty mulberry forest, and the road is closed in August. Going out of the plug and back into the plug again, there are yellow reeds everywhere.
We have always been guests in this quiet place, but they are all old and dusty. Don't imitate the knight-errants and praise Ziliu modestly.
Appreciation
Most of Wang Changling's frontier fortress poems were written with high spirits. In early autumn, cicadas are chirping in the mulberry forest, the reed leaves on Xiaoguan Road have withered, and conscripts come and go frequently. During the harvest season, the rulers of the northern ethnic minorities often mobilized troops to plunder and plunder, making the situation tense. But the athletes living in Youzhou and Bingzhou spent their lives in the dust and fighting in order to defend the country. It is because of them that the country is safe. Undoubtedly, the poet has great respect for them. The sentence "We have always been quiet and guests, but we are all old in the dust" expresses the hard work of the athletes in the war. The whole poem describes the cold autumn weather on the fortress, the bravery, patriotism, generosity and touching of the knights and knights, and also criticizes the arrogant and indulgent side of some knights.
Send off Chen Zhangfu
Luntai song to send off Doctor Feng for his Western expedition
Cen Shen
The trumpet was blown on the first night of Luntai City, north of Luntai City The head ⑴ falls.
Yu Shu passed Quli last night, and Chanyu was already in Jinshanxi.
Looking west from the garrison building, the smoke and dust are black, and Han soldiers are stationed in Luntaibei.
The general supported Yan⑶ to march west, and the flute-playing army marched out in Pingming.
The snow and the sea surged from all sides, and the three armies shouted for the Yinshan Mountains to move.
The soldiers in Lusai (4) are so strong that they are in the clouds, and the bones on the battlefield are entangled with the grass roots.
The Jianhe River is windy and the clouds are wide, and the horseshoes are falling off due to the freezing rocks at Shakou.
King Yaxiang Qin has endured hardships and vowed to repay his lord for peace in the world.
Who has not been seen in history since ancient times, but today we see the achievements and fame of the ancients.
Appreciation
This poem of the Seven Ancients was written at the same time, for the same thing, and as a gift to the same person as "A Walk on the River to Send the Feng Dafu to the Western Expedition". However, "Zou Ma Chuan Xing" does not describe the battle, but uses the scene of the soldiers marching at night in the wind and snow to highlight the inevitable victory; this poem directly writes about the battle formation, and the specific technique is also different from the previous poem. This poem can be divided into four levels.
The first six sentences describe the tense situation between the two armies before the battle. Although it creates an atmosphere, it is different from "Walking Horses and Rivers" which starts from the natural environment. There were flying sand and rocks, suggesting that there would be a fierce battle; but here we started directly from the battle formation: on the city wall where the military headquarters was located, the sound of horns pierced the night sky, showing a strange silence, suggesting that the troops were in a state of intense preparation for war. According to "Historical Records? Tianguan Shu": "Pleiades are Maotou (Yatou), Hu Xingye". The ancients believed that the jumping of the Yangtou was responsible for the rise of the Hu soldiers, while the "falling of the Yangtou" was responsible for the destruction of the Hu soldiers. "The trumpet was blown in Luntai City on the first night, and the north pole of Luntai City fell", starting with the three words "Luntai City", creating a coherent tone and highlighting the wartime atmosphere surrounding this city. Linking the two phenomena of "blowing horns at night" and "falling heads" can not only express a sense of hostility, but also symbolize the sure victory of the Tang army. The atmosphere was brewing, and then he added: "Yu Shu passed by Quli (southeast of today's Luntai County, Xinjiang) last night, and Shanyu was already in the west of Jinshan (Altai Mountain)", explaining that the reason for the tense situation was that Hu Bing had invaded. The technique of inverting cause and effect makes the beginning of the story surprising and alarming. "The Chanyu is already in Jinshanxi" and "Han troops are stationed in Taipei" use the same sentence pattern and the two characters "zai" to express the confrontation between the two armies. The two opposing sides were so close that "the garrison building looked to the west looking black with smoke and dust", which wrote a kind of silence on the verge of fierce battle. The situation is so tense that it is about to explode.
The following four sentences describe the departure and engagement of the army during the day. The technique is very different from the description of night marches in "Zhou Ma Chuan Xing". There, people walked in a hurry, did not hear the sound of people, and tried their best to describe nature; but here, they tried their best to exaggerate the playing of flutes and drums, which is a majestic formation and an upright flag, highlighting the army. of prestige.
The beginning of the chapter is so abrupt, but the author is so calm and calm, and the momentum becomes more and more apparent every time he relaxes. The author naturally likes to write about strong winds, heavy snow, extreme cold and heat, and the same style is used when writing about military affairs. The general is the "general" who supports the war (a symbol of military power), the three armies are written as "big army", and the soldiers' shouts are "big army". call". In short, "the characters it represents are actually the greatest, most majestic, and most joyful, just like the drum music played by an ensemble of 120 drums and 70 golden cymbals, which is very shocking to people's eardrums. And that The poet who is as fragile and sad as silk and bamboo is just the opposite." (Xu Jiarui's "Cen Shen") The army's majesty is beyond nature, as if the frozen snow sea is also turbulent, and the towering Yin Mountain is shaking. This is a superb expression. Show an invincible spirit.
"The three armies shouted that the Yin Mountains are moving", it seems that the Hu soldiers will also be defeated like a mountain. Little did they know that in the following four sentences, the author made a twist: the battle was not overwhelming, but extremely difficult. "The enemy's troops are so powerful that they are stationed in Yuntun", which means that the opponent's army has gathered so much. The poet uses the strength of the opponent's troops to highlight the greater strength of his own troops. This method of using strength to contrast strength is excellent. "The bones on the battlefield are entangled with the grass roots", using the bleak atmosphere of the battlefield to imply that the battle must have heavy casualties. The following two sentences also describe the extremely cold climate. Place names such as "Jianhe" and "Shakou" have general meanings, and the place names themselves also seem to have a murderous aura; "Ji" is used to describe wind, and "Kuo" is used to describe snowflakes, which highlight the characteristics of the border climate; and "Stone Frost" The phrase "a horse's hoof falls off" is particularly strange: stone is hard, but "stone freezing" is even harder. It can actually make a horse's hoof fall off, which makes the war difficult. The author writes about the coldness and sacrifice, which seems to exaggerate the horror of war, but this is not his ultimate goal. As a poet with a strong will and a fondness for majestic and heroic things, writing so vividly and vividly about the severe cold and danger on the battlefield is to face up to and appreciate a tragic scene. When he writes in this way, he is praising the soldiers for their courage and disregard for their own lives. The more he writes about danger and pain, the "more proud he becomes, just like a person who eats spicy food. The more spicy tears come out, the happier he becomes." (Xu Jiarui's "Cen Shen") The words "sweet, bitter and pungent" mentioned in the next layer should also be used. Including his own experience.
The last four sentences echo the title, wish for victory, and conclude with praise. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao's reign, Changqing was granted the title of Jiedushi to photograph the imperial censor. The censor was second to the prime minister in the Han Dynasty, so he was called "sub prime minister" in the poem. "Oath to report to the Lord to be quiet in the dust", although only "oath" is written, through the frontal description and side contrast of the war in the first two layers, it has strongly hinted that the outcome of this battle will be won. The last two lines of pre-congratulations, saying "who is missing", mean that the ancient people's fame and achievements are recorded in Jian Ce, and have been passed down by thousands of people. They have long since realized that they are no longer new. To count the famous people, we should look at the present day. "Now I see that the achievements and fame of the ancients are better than those of the ancients", simple and unpretentious but striking, it echoes the beginning of the chapter and is enough to inspire the whole article. The upper level describes the hardships of the battle, while here the glory of victory is written, with ups and downs. The previous two sentences were all in rhyme and the rhythm was fast, but these four sentences were in one rhyme, giving it the relaxed and happy feeling of playing a good song. In the eyes of other poets, on the one hand, it is "the bones of the battlefield entangled with the grass roots" and on the other hand, "today's achievements are better than those of the ancients", which inevitably gives rise to the emotion of "one general succeeds and thousands of bones are withered", indicating that his sympathy is for the weak. As an important representative writer of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Cen Shen preferred strong men and liked to create the image of "superman". This is exactly what readers feel from "Who has not been seen in history since ancient times, but now we see people who are more famous than the ancients".
The whole poem is written in four layers, with rhythm and rhythm, compact structure, and excellent coordination of music and mood. There are positive descriptions, side contrasts, and techniques such as symbolism, imagination, and exaggeration, especially to exaggerate the majesty of the army, creating a very grand and magnificent picture, making the whole poem full of romantic passion and the atmosphere of frontier life, and successfully expressing the officers and soldiers of the three armies. The heroic spirit of serving the country. In this regard, it is no different from "Walking Horses and Rivers".
Drunk Reading at Wanghu Tower on June 27th
Su Shi
Black clouds rolled over the ink but did not cover the mountains,
White rain jumped Pearls entered the ship in disorder.
The ground wind blows away suddenly,
The water below the lake building is like the sky.
Small Pond
Yang Wanli
The spring is silent and cherishes the trickle,
The shade of the tree shines on the water and the water is clear and soft.
The little lotus has just revealed its sharp corners,
A dragonfly has already stood on its head.
Song Xiaqu
Lulun Liu Yuxi
The grass in the forest is frightened by the wind,
The general draws his bow at night.
I look for white feathers in plain sight,
They are lost in the stone edges.
Lang Taosha
The Yellow River has nine bends and thousands of miles of sand,
Lang Tao is blown by the wind from the end of the world.
Now we go straight to the Milky Way,
to the home of the Morning Glory and the Weaver Girl.
Bamboo and Stone
Zheng Xie
He is determined not to let go of the green mountains,
The roots are still in the broken rocks.
Thousands of blows have made me strong,
No matter the wind blows from east to west, from north to south.
Translation
The bamboo grasps the green mountain and does not relax at all. Its roots are firmly rooted in the rock crevices. After thousands of tortures and blows, it is still so strong. Whether it is the southeast wind in the scorching summer or the northwest wind in the harsh winter, it can withstand it and remains strong and strong, surviving tenaciously.
Appreciation of Famous Sentences
This poem focuses on expressing the tenacious and persistent quality of bamboo. It is a painting poem praising Yanzhu. It is a painting poem and a poem chanting things.
The word "firm" is used at the beginning to personify rock bamboo and convey its charm; the last two sentences further describe the character of rock bamboo. After countless hardships, it has developed a particularly upright posture and is never afraid of coming from behind. Strong winds from east to west, north and south. Zheng Xie not only wrote beautiful poems about bamboo, but also painted bamboos that were lifelike. In his words, he "painted bamboos to comfort the working people in the world." Therefore, this poem appears to be about bamboo, but it is actually about people. It is about the author's own upright and stubborn character, and his arrogant character that will never bow to any evil force. At the same time, this poem can also give us the touch of life. In the tortuous and harsh environment, we can overcome difficulties and face reality, being as strong and brave as rock bamboo, which embodies the feelings of patriots. It is also a poem that supports things and expresses ambitions. It supports the tenacity of Yanzhu and expresses his uprightness, unyielding and unyielding character. The language of this poem is simple and lively, but persistent and powerful. It vividly describes the bamboo growing in a harsh environment, growing up in danger, but also being free, firm and optimistic. Bamboo takes root in the broken rocks and withstands the blows of wind, snow, rain, and frost, but it just "sticks to the green mountains and never relaxes." The word "bite" expresses the tenacity of bamboo. The word "ren" in the last sentence also expresses Zhuzi's fearless, generous, positive and optimistic mental outlook.
Night Mooring at Fengqiao
Zhang Ji
The moon is setting and the sky is full of crows and frost,
Jiang Feng is fishing and the fire is facing melancholy.
Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City,
The midnight bell rang to the passenger ship.
Appreciation]:
On an autumn night, a passenger ship from afar was moored by the Fengqiao outside Suzhou. Tomorrow has already set, with a few crows crows, the sky full of frost, maple trees by the river, and a few fishing fires. This cold autumn night in the water town accompanied the wanderer in the boat, making him feel how desolate it was. In just two sentences, this poem describes what the poet saw, heard, and felt, and painted a picture of a desolate journey on an autumn night. But what is more charming about this poem is the last two sentences. The midnight bell of Hanshan Temple not only brings out the tranquility of the night, but also strikes the poet's lonely heart, making people feel the eternity and loneliness of time and space. Produce boundless reveries about life and history. This kind of artistic conception creation that combines movement and stillness most typically conveys the charm of Chinese poetry art.