Text discussion
A. Overall grasp
This poem is full of "yes" sentences and "make" sentences. A series of "ideals are-"and a series of "ideals make-"eulogize the meaning of ideals. The last section says, "Please get on the ideal horse and start from here with a whip". I hope people will set up lofty ideals and work hard for them. In a word, this poem means that life must have ideals.
Two. Research on the problem
There are four metaphors in the section 1. 1. What are the metaphors?
There is no need to understand each metaphor in isolation. From stone to fire, from fire to lamp, from lamp to road, these four metaphors are connected. This is also called "thimble" in rhetoric. The first two metaphors pave the way for the third metaphor. Poetry mainly lies in the latter two metaphors. "Xiao" refers to the ideal state. In the long night, the ideal points out the bright direction. So ideal is a lamp. It lights up the night. Ideal is the road. It can be seen that the meaning of this paragraph mainly means that ideal is the direction of progress. It's easy to understand with practice. Advanced elements who spread Marxism to China and established socialism in China. A fruitful ideal is like a lamp, illuminating the road at night. This ideal is like a road, leading the people of China to a bright new China and the people of China to socialist modernization. The first two metaphors, from a single spark to lighting a extinguished lamp, describe the process of ideal communication. For example, when Li Dazhao and others first spread Marxism, the ideal of * * * production was a spark in China, and Marxism spread continuously in China, becoming China.
2. The second section says that different times have different ideals. Ideal is epoch-making, right? Besides, what does this mean?
That's right. The ideal is epoch-making Ideals are hierarchical. Society is progressing. The ideal is constantly improving. Society is developing gradually. The ideal is also gradually improving. When a need is met, new needs and new ideals will arise. On the other hand, ideals are gradually improving, which also makes society progress. The punctuation in this section deserves attention. The first line, the third line and the sentence all end with semicolons. There are only two periods.
3. What does the third section mean? What's the connection with the second part?
The second section talks about the gradual improvement of human ideals. From food and clothing to civilization, from stability to prosperity, it is historic. The third section looks at human ideals from a historical perspective and compares them to pearls. The human ideal is like a pearl chain. Why is it the backbone of history? Because it is the ideal from generation to generation that keeps human history moving forward. Ideal is the spiritual power of human beings' constant struggle. [The past shines today. Ancestors shine on future generations. " This word [Zhao] not only inherits [Liangtian], but also takes care of [Zhao] in 1 poem. The ideals of our ancestors have illuminated the way forward for future generations. simply ..
4. What is the focus of the fourth verse?
Focus on the last two sentences. [Ideal is a compass to guide a ship] Section 1 Third sentence [Ideal is a lamp that illuminates the road at night]. It is said that ideals make people clear their direction. The fourth sentence of section 1 says, "Ideal is the road that leads you to the dawn". Dawn will surely come. This ideal will surely come true. The fourth section talks about the other one. This is beyond your power. It's torturing your enterprising heart. "What I'm saying here is that the realization of the ideal often goes through many setbacks and failures, or it's not as close as expected. At first, we underestimated the long-term nature. Only later did we realize its arduous and long-term nature.
5. How to summarize the general idea of Section 5?
Understand every poem first. Ideal makes you smile and observe life. This means. Ideals make people optimistic. For example, in the years of hunger and cold, with the ideal of adequate food and clothing, I believe that hard-working hands will definitely win adequate food and clothing. With hope, you will be optimistic. [Ideal makes you stubbornly resist fate]. This means that ideals make people full of fighting spirit and indomitable struggle. Like facing misfortune. Yes, you will keep fighting. Ideal makes you forget your gray hair early,/Ideal makes you full of gray hair and still naive. In other words, the ideal makes the mental age of the elderly very young. He is full of courage and struggle. It is the ideal that makes him full of energy.
First, optimism. Second, the fighting spirit. Third, vitality. To sum up, strength. Including spiritual strength. The general idea of this poem can be summarized as follows. Ideals give people strength.
6. How to understand the sixth section? Does the "sacrifice" here mean that the golden dream is broken and the selfishness is washed away?
Yes, obviously, the ideal mentioned by the poet is a lofty social ideal. This is not a golden dream. If a person wants to get rich, he wants to have tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions and tens of millions of assets. Not the ideal the poet said. Even if he gets rich by proper means, it is not what the poet said. Not to mention stealing money by illegal means. If he struggles for lofty social ideals, he won't care about personal wealth. I don't care about all kinds of individuals.
7. Why do you say, "If the ideal brings you honor? /This is just a by-product "? Why does it bring more misunderstood loneliness? How can there be laughter in loneliness? Why is there bitterness in laughter?
When something is made, the by-products are called by-products. Ideal pursuit of social food and clothing, civilization, stability and prosperity. , not personal honor. The ideal has come true. Society gives you honor. This honor is just an ideal by-product.
Loneliness is silence and emptiness. People with lofty ideals are misunderstood. It seems incomprehensible. This is often the case in history. Ideal means changing the status quo. Those who haven't realized this always think that the status quo is reasonable. To change the status quo, in their view, it is a great rebellion. This is a madman. This is a madman. Avoid him. Against him. Strugglers are in a lonely situation.
A man with lofty ideals, despite his loneliness, enjoys the joy of struggle, so he has a "smile in loneliness". However, he was misunderstood and treated as an alien, so there was bitterness in his laughter.
8. What is the central meaning of Section 8?
Section 8 is divided into two sentences. Use semicolons between the upper and lower clauses of each big sentence. The first clause of the first big sentence is a continuation of what was said in the previous section. Misfortune means misunderstood loneliness and bitterness. The upper and lower sentences mean a turning point. It is written in prose, that is, [ideals often make honest people suffer misfortune, but ideals keep unfortunate people alive]. Visible meaning focuses on the latter.
9. What does section 9 mean? What does this have to do with the last section?
Section 9 says that anyone can set up ideals, even sinners. Once he sets up an ideal, he can also get a new life, even the prodigal son returns. Once an ideal is established, the prodigal son will never change his money. Ideal is the immortal grass that revives the soul. It means that a sinner is a sinner because he lost his soul, was driven by evil thoughts, did evil things, set up an ideal and recovered.
10. What exactly does section 10 mean "ideals are defiled" [ideals are pickpocketed]?
It is not difficult to understand the historical background. Ten years of catastrophe. The Gang of Four distorted Marxism-Leninism and propagated false Marxism-Leninism. * * * They corrupted and defiled the ideal of capitalism. Because of their destruction and defilement, some people's beliefs have been shaken. Is that ideals have been pickpocketed. The devil defiled the ideal. Can you tell the truth from the false and firmly believe in the real ideal? This is a test. It can also be said that ideals will be pickpocketed. On your own side, it is also because you are not persistent enough. Therefore, it is necessary to get it back.
11.11What's the connection with the above? [boasting about the merits of the year]. Why do you say [disgusting]? Curse the immediate environment. Why do you say "ridiculous"?
The previous section talked about "pickpocketing". This section says "lose". The former is passive and the latter is subjective abandonment. There is a hierarchical relationship, which constitutes a positive and negative contrast with section 8. "Ordinary people are great because they have ideals" and "Heroes are mediocre because they lose their ideals". The two are upside down. The contrast is very obvious. Positive and negative contrast highlights the importance of ideals to life.
Boast about your exploits in those days. I didn't make new contributions, but I ate my old money. Of course it's disgusting to lie on the credit book for fame and fortune. [Curse the immediate environment] but don't want to fight to change the immediate environment. Of course it's ridiculous.
12. What is the metaphor of "ideal flowering" in section 12? Finally, why not take into account "night lights the way" and say "spring is on the road" "The sun is shining in the sky?
The word "ideal flower" means that today's ideal flower is the sweet fruit of tomorrow. The bud of today's ideal is the shadow of tomorrow. Set up an ideal, persevere and you will reap fruitful results.
Spring is just on the road. The sky is sunny. " It symbolizes a good situation. In the new historical period, this is the best opportunity for China people to realize their beautiful ideals.
13. Explore the context of this poem.
Explore the context. Understand the general idea of each section first. Then merge the similar ones together. It's easy to understand.
2.3 The two sections are similar and can be summarized by "ideal historical significance".
4.5.6.7 Festival is similar. It can be summarized by "ideal personality meaning".
8.9. 10. 1 1 Similarity can be summarized by "the ideal meaning of life".
It can be seen that the whole poem mainly praises the ideal significance, from historical significance to personality significance and life significance.
The first section always talks about the ideal meaning. The last section encourages people to set up their ideals and fight for them. In this way, the context of the whole poem is clear.