Wang Changling 1. How to express the theme and make a brief analysis. 2. Appreciate the words "water" and "wind" in the poem.

1. This poem expresses the theme by depicting the desolate scenery in ruins. The first four sentences of the poem describe the bleak scene of sunset in late autumn and flat sand outside the Great Wall. The Great Wall has always been a battlefield, full of mountains and bones, and desolate. The whole poem is soul-stirring, expressing the thoughts and feelings of non-war with the bleak scenery I saw in front of me.

2. The phrase "the cold wind in the stream is like a knife" describes the biting of the river and the cold of the autumn wind is like a knife. "Water" is biting cold, and "wind" blows on the face like a knife. The poet gave a detailed description of the ordinary scenery he saw in front of him, showing the feeling of biting cold outside the Great Wall, and also paving the way for the shocking bones and worn-out city walls below. Although "cold water" and "knife wind" are cold, they are not as miserable and desolate as before.