If the poets in Chang 'an for ten years are passionate and resentful, then the poets who experienced the Anshi Rebellion have fallen deeper into sadness and helplessness.
In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), An Shi Rebellion broke out and Du Fu fled with his family. He went to Fengxian to take his family to Baishui and take refuge in Cui Shuo. In June of that year, Tongguan fell and Baishui fell. Du Fu led his family to flee to Zhangzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) through Sanchuan. In August, Du Fu went to Lingwu in Yanzhou, but was captured by rebels on the way and taken to Chang 'an. In April of the following year, the poet ventured to Fengxiang.
This journey was devastated, and Du Fu's world-famous "Three Officials and Three Farewells" was made at this time. Different from the generosity of high-level people who criticized national policies such as Car Shop, the poet reflected a deeper grief, sadness and helplessness in his poems at this time. In Xin' anli, "the fat man has a mother to send him, and the thin man is alone." White water flows eastward at dusk, and Qingshan is still crying. Don't let your eyes dry, collect your tears. When the eyes are dry, you will see the bones, and the world is ruthless. "It can be said that the poet was dissatisfied with the conscription policy, but later" our army took Xiangzhou and hoped for its safety. "You never know what a thief is, but a military star will leave the camp. As far as food is concerned, the soldiers are still in Beijing. If you can't dig trenches, the horse herding service is also light. The situation is Wang Shishun, and his upbringing is very clear. Don't cry when you see me off. Servants shoot like fathers and brothers. " It is no longer a gesture of verbal criticism, but it is still a relief, but it is this relief that makes people more moved and deeply feel the grief and suffering of the people at that time. The identity of the poet at this time is no longer the class opposition between the lower class and the upper class, including himself, but the real national class opposition. The pain, sadness and bitterness of defending the country in the face of foreign enemies is another sublimation of Du Fu's thought.
In The Stone Gull, "The living drag out an ignoble existence, and the dead are long gone!" It is the poet's lament, "Although the old woman is weak, please return home from the official night. If you are in a hurry to serve Shirley in the river and Yang, you might as well prepare the meal in the morning. The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise to the future, leaving the old man alone. " It is silent and heavy. At this moment, the situation of breaking duckweed in China is turbulent. Poets have nothing to say, no matter how long, what they say is simple, sad and bitter.
Du Fu's poems are called "the history of poetry" because of their true portrayal of current events. However, although his poems are exquisite and admirable, what really touches people is Du Fu's painful gesture in them. Among the three officials and three parting, the poet's sympathy for the suffering of the bottom people is really heavy. In a few words, it is pain, sobs, sadness, and feelings are sad.
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In July of the second year of Gan Yuan, there was a famine in Guanzhong. Du Fu abandoned his official position and fled to Qinchuan with his family. After returning to Tonggu, he wrote Seven Tonggu Songs to express his sadness and feelings of separation, and then went to Chengdu and settled in Shu.
Du Fu spent the rest of his life wandering after he left Chang 'an, and Sichuan and Sichuan were a rare leisure period for a poet. At this time, Du Fu's poems also revealed a rare sense of relaxation and happiness. The poem "Jiangcun" said: "Qingjiang is a village with a song, and everything in the village under the Yangtze River is quiet. Swallows on the beam fly freely, and blind dates in the water are similar and accompanied. The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection. However, there are old people offering Mi Lu, what else can I ask? " The Qing dynasty was calm, unpretentious and full of warmth. Later generations Qing Huang Sheng commented on Jiangcun: "Dulu is not difficult to be healthy, but it is difficult to be relaxed." This poem is the result of elegance and lightness. "(Du Fu's Poetry Review), like many such poems, more importantly, it also shows Du Fu's wild spirit when he was a teenager. At this point, people can't help but sigh. In Mad Men, "I tried to fill the ravine but let myself drift, but I laughed at myself. "I can vaguely see the wild attitude of the poet.
It is worth mentioning that Du Fu has always been depressed, sad and generous in the eyes of later literati, but his character has always maintained a touch of childlike innocence. Song Kong Zhong Ping wrote in Inheritance: "Du Fu and Wu Yan are both old. When Wu was a staff officer, he was treated very long. Just because he was drunk, he climbed into Wu's bed and stared at Wu Shuo, who had this son. Although martial arts is very violent, I don't think it is embarrassing. " From this point of view, Du Fu's nature is also innocent and lovely. Later, he wrote, "I live in Huanhua in the city, plant bamboo and trees, build a house and sleep by the river, drink and shout, and pick up the leaves of Cynanchum when I have time." Yanwu, sometimes not a crown. So, Wu Shuo: Don't give gifts to parrots by kindness. Why don't you need a crown? Its proud birthday is like this. "It can better show the natural and unrestrained spirit that Du Fu has been adhering to in his character. At that time, many people praised Li Bai's unrestrained posture, but did not say that he was unrestrained in beauty. Even after Qian Fan, his heart never wavered. After watching Du Zimei, I think he is really cute! Compared with the early "looking at Yue from afar", "once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that other mountains are dwarfed under the sky." At this time, it finally became "Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth." There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat. There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and how can I not cry by this railing? Between the lines, it is still a magnificent landscape, but it gives people a very different feeling. Such a sharp contrast is distressing.