How to find inspiration for writing poetry? Please, great gods.

Poetry is one of the important literary genres. "Poetry expresses ambition, and songs express ambition" ("Shangshu Yaodian") "So, the feeling of sadness and joy is the sound of songs. Recite the poems and songs they say. " Poetry has cognitive function, educational function and aesthetic value. "In ancient times, there were officials who collected poems, respected customs, knew gains and losses, and tested themselves." (History of Art and Literature in Han Dynasty) Confucius advocated "gentle" Confucian poetry teaching. Laborers also attach importance to the role of poetry. Hungry people sing about their food, while laborers sing about their affairs. China has always emphasized "expressing ambition through poetry". Poetry expressing ambition is bound to have the power to influence people emotionally and regulate people morally. "Poetry is a message sent by human beings to the future; Poetry gives mankind the courage to move towards ideals. " (Ai Qing: On Poetry) Poetry has the following three characteristics: (1) Ideological concentration. Poetry is the most concentrated expression of a certain social life. "Meaning or grain, literacy can cook a meal; Poetry is brewed into wine. " (Wu Qiao's Poems Around the Furnace) The concentration of the ideological content of poetry is mainly reflected in its expression of the author's thoughts and feelings and reflection of social life by creating artistic conception (the image of poetry). Artistic conception is a harmonious combination of interior and exterior, a harmonious unity of reason, form and spirit, and a poetic artistic world with strong appeal and enlightenment. (2) the lyricism of the expression method. Poetry is a lyrical literary style. "Poets, ambition is also, in the heart for ambition, words for poetry. Emotions move in the middle and are formed in words. " (Preface to Mao's Poems) Poetry values true feelings. "Without feelings, there would be no poets, and there would be no poetry." (belinsky) "Poets: root feelings, Miao language, Hua Sheng, true meaning." (Bai Juyi) "The creation of poetry lies in the expression of nature. The generation of poetry is like the existence of natural things, without the slightest affectation. I think the life of new poetry is here. " (Guo Moruo) Compared with other styles, the lyricism of poetry is particularly strong. (3) Musicality of language form. Poetry is the most musical language art, "Emotion comes from sound, sound is literary sound" (Preface to Mao Poetry), which is a basic feature that distinguishes poetry from other styles. Marx said, "Since you write in verse, you should arrange your rhythm more artistically." Lu Xun demanded: "New poems should have stanzas and roughly similar rhymes". In a word, the essence of poetry is: through careful language, vividly express unique thoughts and feelings, and skillfully express the general from the special, so that the sensory world and emotional world of the self can achieve harmony and unity. How do beginners learn to write poems? 1. Capturing and Creating Images in Poetry (1) Poetry is written with images. Belinsky pointed out long ago: "Philosophers use syllogism, poets use images and pictures to speak, but they all say the same thing." (/kloc-a glimpse of Russian literature in 0/847) This tells us that we should think in images when writing poems. The so-called thinking in images first means that when you go deep into life, you should feel life in images, experience life in images, observe life and analyze life. Thinking in images should be good at capturing images on the basis of image feelings. Ai Qing pointed out: "The activity of thinking in images is to fix everything that is difficult to capture and everything that is erratic, and present it clearly to readers, as clear as a seal on paper." So he said, "People who write poems often look for images to express an idea." Can capture the image of the novel, but also have the material to write poetry. So how do we capture images? It depends on inspiration. Mayakovski gave an example of capturing the image: he returned to Moscow from saratov in about 19 13. In order to show the woman on the same journey that he has no evil thoughts about her at all, the poet said, "I am not a person, but a cloud in pants." After saying this, he immediately thought that he could write it into a poem-but he was worried that oral uploading would be abused in vain. So what should we do? He is very anxious. For almost half an hour, the poet asked the girl a lot of questions, and he didn't breathe a sigh of relief until he believed his words flew out of the girl's other ear. Two years later, he used Clouds in Pants as the title of a long poem. (2) Poetry is the expression of imagination. Aristotle said: "Poetry needs a special talent, or it has a crazy component, or it makes it easy for him to imagine the required expression." Shelley: "Generally speaking, poetry can be interpreted as an expression of imagination." Breslet: "Poetry is the language of imagination and passion." Belinsky: "Imagination is the main active force in poetry. The creative process can only be completed by imagination. " Ai Qing said, "Without imagination, there is no poem". "The most important talent of a poet is to use imagination." The imagination of a poet is different from that of a scientist. Bacon pointed out: "Poetry is a science, which is limited in most aspects of literary rhythm, but it is extremely free in other aspects and is related to imagination. Imagination, because it is not bound by material laws, can combine things that are naturally separated at will, and can also separate things that are combined. This leads to illegal spouses and divorce. " Shelley also said, "Poetry has changed everything it touches." In his fairy tale creation, Andersen wrote: A young man who loves to write poems was distressed because he couldn't write good poems, so he went to a witch. The witch put on her glasses and receiver. He heard the potato singing the history of his family, the wild plum tree telling stories, and the crowd kept turning one story after another. What I'm saying here is that to be a poet, it is not enough to have ordinary people's hearing, but also to wear the poet's deformed glasses and headphones. Therefore, when writing poetry, we should not only accurately observe the characteristics of life, but also have the courage to change these characteristics. Due to deformation, the images of poetry often have symbolic significance. For example, in Cang Kejia's "Old Horse", we have to ask the cart to be full. At this moment, we don't know the fate of the next moment. It didn't say a word. It only swallows the tears in its heart, and the pressure on its back is buckled into the meat. A whip shadow floated before its eyes, and it hung its head heavily! It looked up at the front. What is written here is not only a poor old horse, but also the indomitable spirit of northern farmers in the 1930s. "Old horse" is a symbolic image. (III) Creation of Poetic Images Mayakovski said to young writers in How to Write Poetry: "Poetry should be vividly expressed to the maximum extent. A major means of vivid expression is image. " Eliot believes that creating images means "looking for the objective counterpart of ideas." There are many specific methods, such as: virtual and real conversion; The transformation between people and things; Transformation between things; Internal and external transformation; Size transformation; Far and near transformation; Less and less; Part and whole transformation; The transformation between history and reality; Reality and future transformation, etc. What needs to be emphasized is that both the poet image and the landscape image in poetry are to express emotion, mood and interest. Emotion is more important than image in poetry. Without lyricism, we need to construct images at will, which can only damage poetry. Second, the ingenious conception of poetry (1) The inspiration of poetry is the most important stage in the process of poetry creation. What caused the pregnancy? The short answer is: the impulse to create-the explosion of inspiration. Ai Qing said: "The so-called' inspiration' is nothing more than the poet's new excitement about things, sudden excitement and the flash of fleeting souls. The so-called' inspiration' is the most pleasant encounter between the poet's subjective world and the objective world. " (On Poetry) For a poem, inspiration is cause; For the objective world, inspiration is the fruit. Get inspiration from the objective world and start writing from inspiration. This is how poets write poems. After the "inspiration" broke out, the creation entered the concrete conception. (2) The conception of poetry is very important. The poet Guo Xiaochuan said in On Poetry: "Poetry should be cleverly conceived." You mentioned the idea, which I think is the key. As for the content of poetic conception, Hegel pointed out in Aesthetics: "First of all, we can immediately exclude purely external and natural things, at least to a relative extent, about the content suitable for poetic conception. The unique object or theme of poetry is not the sun, forests, mountains and rivers or the external forms of human blood, pulse and muscle, but the spiritual purport. Although poetry also appeals to perceptual observation and vivid description, even in this respect, poetry is still a spiritual activity, which only plays the role of providing inner observation. " What is the way poetry is conceived? The conception of poetry is inner experience. Hegel said: "Since poetry can express all spiritual connotations most profoundly, we should ask the poet to have the deepest and richest inner experience of the subject matter he expresses." "Poets must understand human life from both internal and external aspects, absorb the vast world and its diversity into themselves, sympathize with them, experience them deeply and make them profound and clear." (Aesthetics, Volume III, page 54) Therefore, although poets write poems, "not every poem is written by themselves. However, every poem is written by yourself-that is, through your own heart. " (Ai Qing) Following this conception method, when writing lyric poems, because the real source of lyric is the inner life of the creative subject (the poet himself), the poet should only express "pure feelings and feelings, without describing the specific external situation with appearances and forms". The conception process of poetry (Hegel's aesthetics) includes the following contents: (1) refining poetry. It is to find the unique feeling that expresses the general feeling from the general feeling and the specific feeling that expresses the same feeling from the same feeling. For example, Ai Qing's freedom. (2) Select the angle. We should choose a suitable angle to express poetry. Generally speaking, there are two major angles. One is direct confession, in which the poet stands out directly, such as Wen Yiduo's confession. When writing poetry from this angle, we should avoid ambiguity and create a distinctive and personalized image of the poet, otherwise it is easy to show it directly. Another angle is symbolic sustenance, borrowing things to express feelings, borrowing people to express feelings, and borrowing scenery to write feelings. As mentioned earlier, Cang Kejia's "Old Horse". (3) Layout planning. How to write the beginning and end of the poem and how to form an organic whole between the parts need serious consideration. This requires thinking: in this poem, what do I use to connect the poems? General lyric poetry, "always runs through the level of emotional (emotional) changes." (Guo Xiaochuan's On Poetry) (4) Temper the language. Language is the most important factor in poetry expression. It is extremely important in the process of conception. We will make a special study in the third section of this chapter. Pay attention to the skills of poetry conception when writing poetry. Guo Xiaochuan advocated: "If you don't have new ideas and new creations, don't start writing". Therefore, creativity must be: new, strange and ingenious. Summing up the experience of predecessors, some skills can be used for reference. Such as: symbol concept, radiation concept, "prop" concept, metonymy concept, proposition concept, contradiction concept, virtual concept, anti-meaning concept, side concept, contrast concept, dialogue concept and so on.