Chinese question answering formula
(1) The role of a certain sentence in the text:
1. The beginning of the text: the opening question; exaggerating the atmosphere (prose), burying Foreshadowing (narrative articles), setting up suspense (novel, but not tested in Shanghai), providing support for the following; leading the following;
2. In the text: connecting the previous and the following; leading the following; summarizing the above;
3. End of the article: point out the center (prose); deepen the theme (narrative articles); echo the beginning (argumentative essays, narrative articles, novels)
(2) The role of rhetorical devices:
(1) Its own function; (2) Combined with the context of the sentence.
1. Metaphor, personification: vivid image;
Answer format: Write + object + characteristics vividly.
2. Parallelism: imposing, strengthening the tone, cohesive, etc.;
Answer format: emphasizing + object + characteristics
3; asking questions: arousing readers Pay attention and think;
Answer format: draw readers’ attention and thinking about + object + characteristics
Rhetorical questions: emphasize, strengthen tone, etc.;
4. Comparison : Emphasized... Highlighted...
5. Repeated: Emphasized... Strengthened the tone
(3) Answer to the meaning of the sentence:
Like this In the title, there is often a word or phrase in the sentence that uses metaphor, contrast, metonymy, symbol and other expression methods. When answering questions, reveal the objects they refer to, and then clarify the sentences.
4) Should a word in a sentence be replaced by another line? Why?
Verb: No. Because the word is written accurately, vividly and concretely...
Adjective: No. Because the word vividly describes...
Adverbs (such as all, mostly, very only, etc.): No. Because the word accurately describes the situation of... (expressing degree, expressing limitation, expressing time, expressing scope, etc.), after changing it, it becomes..., which is inconsistent with the facts.
(5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?
No. Because:
(1) It is inconsistent with the rules of people’s understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from appearance to interior, from phenomenon to essence).
(2) This word has a one-to-one correspondence with the above.
(3) These words are in a progressive relationship, interlocking and cannot be interchanged.
(6) Summary of paragraph meaning
1. Narrative articles: answer clearly (when, where) who did what.
Format: (time + place) + person + thing.
2. Explanatory articles: The answer clearly explains what the object is and what its characteristics are.
Format: Description (introduction) + description object + description content (features)
3. Argumentative articles: clearly answer what the discussion question is and what the author’s point of view is.
Format: What argument method is used to prove (demonstrate) + argument
(7)
Expression skills play an important role in the appreciation of ancient poetry. Techniques include allusion, foil, rendering, presentation, metaphor, supporting objects to express feelings, blending scenes, borrowing scenes to express emotions, combining movement and stillness, combination of reality and reality, euphemism and implicitness, contrasting techniques, allegory techniques, symbolism, puns, etc. Commonly used rhetorical methods in poetry include exaggeration, parallelism, parallelism, metaphor, metonymy, comparison, questioning, rhetorical questioning, repetition, etc. Commonly used terms for analyzing poetic language include: accurate, vivid, vivid, concise, incisive, concise, bright, fresh, novel, graceful, gorgeous, implicit, simple, natural, etc. When reviewing, you should systematically summarize various expression techniques and reserve relevant knowledge. We must first understand the characteristics and functions of these expression techniques, and then carefully appreciate and analyze them in combination with specific poems.
As for evaluating the ideological content of poetry and the author's views and attitudes, it includes summarizing the main purpose of the work, analyzing the social reality reflected in the work, and pointing out its positive significance or limitations, etc.
In short, the first step in appreciating ancient poetry is to grasp the content of the poetry. You can start from the following aspects: 1. Read the title and notes carefully; 2. Analyze the imagery; 3. Taste the artistic conception; 4. Contact the author. The second step is to clarify the skills: 1. Grasp the characteristics of the image; 2. Analyze the expression skills; 3. Explain the role of expression. The third step is to evaluate the content and viewpoints: 1. Summarize the main idea; 2. Contact the background; 3. Identify the priorities; 4. Comprehensive evaluation.
When answering questions, special attention should be paid to the following points: first, stick to the requirements and not talk in general terms; second, the main points must be complete and think from multiple angles; third, carefully consider the wording and strive to be accurate, concise, and specification.
Distinguish between easily confused terms
(1) Distinguishing between “methods and techniques”
Artistic techniques, also called expression skills, include:
< p> ①Method of expression: narrative, description, lyricism, discussion, explanation.②Expression techniques: rise, association, foil, circumference, echo, side view, symbol, contrast, from reality to imaginary, combination of imaginary and real, use of allusions, express feelings directly, use scenes to express emotions, embody emotions in scenes , blending scenes, supporting objects to express ambitions, borrowing the past to satirize the present, turning movement into stillness, combining movement and stillness, seeing the big from the small, and getting straight to the point.
③Rhetoric: metaphor, metonymy, exaggeration, antithesis, contrast, analogy, parallelism, question, rhetorical question, quotation, irony, repetition.
(2) The difference in the relationship between "emotion" and "scenery"
Using scenes to express emotions, embedding emotions in scenes, and blending scenes are all ways in which poets express the feelings they want to express through scenery. "Borrowing scenery to express emotions" expresses feelings more directly. After reading the poem, my feeling is that "emotions" are missing but "scenery" is not seen; "emotions are blended in scenery" and "scenes blend". There is not a word on the front when expressing feelings. After reading the poem, the feeling is that "scenery" is seen but "love" is not seen. However, after careful analysis, it is found that the poet's emotions are all contained in the natural scenery in front of him, and all the scenery words are love words.
(3) Angle of description
Common angles include: shape, sound, color, state, and taste. "Shape" and "color" are the visual angle; "sound" is the auditory angle; "state" is divided into dynamic and static; "taste" is the tactile angle.
Answer examples (06 Pudong New Area simulation) Answer 1: Agree. The article is titled "Mountain Pattern" and uses anthropomorphic techniques to describe the different temperaments of many mountains, giving them human spirituality: whether the mountains in the south are beautiful yet wild, or the mountains in the north are strong yet charming. , or the mountains in the west are dignified and silent... In short, the author's descriptions of mountains in different regions in different styles give people a full appreciation of the flavor of the mountains, and the writing is grand and steady. Answer 2: Agree. First of all, it uses a large number of personifications, metaphors and other rhetorical figures to endow the forms of mountains with rich personality and temperament; secondly, it selects materials and depicts the personalities of mountains in the south, north and west, giving readers a comprehensive understanding; finally, it uses The relationship between mountains and people is sublimated and concluded, expanding the space for thinking: the atmosphere is fully revealed.
As far as the Shanghai College Entrance Examination is concerned, its concept is to serve students and to serve students entering colleges and universities, instead of standing on the opposite side of students, setting up problems and making things difficult for students. It will provide students with a stage and opportunities. The questions should be able to be answered, but they must be reasonable, well-prepared, and well-founded