When winter goes and spring comes, "the spring breeze is bright", and there is a willow green world everywhere. Ancient poets deliberately described the scene of willow sprouting, dyeing green and decorating spring scenery with its exotic flowers. Qing Liu, written by Xiao Yi, Emperor of Liang Yuan in the Southern Dynasties, can be said to be one of the earlier representative works in this field:
Strip hanging on the ground, light flowers fly away with the wind.
Dewdrops are stained with green, and the leaves are small but not harmful.
The first sentence of this poem describes the sweeping of the land with the skill of gentle and long willows, and the poet Gao Ding of the Qing Dynasty also famously said, "Sweep willows on the levee and get drunk in spring" ("Village Residence"); The second sentence describes catkins dancing with the wind; The third sentence is inked with willow leaves; The last sentence was written with willow leaves. The whole poem uses willow branches, catkins, willow colors and willow leaves as pens, highlighting the word "green". Vivid image, seemingly light but beautiful. He, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Singing Willow" more poetically.
Jasper dressed as a tree, hanging down ten thousand green silk tapestries.
I don't know who cut the thin leaves, but the spring breeze in February is like scissors.
This poem uses "Jasper" as a metaphor for the green willows in early spring and February, "Green Silk Tapestry" as a metaphor for the countless pendants in green Necole Liu, and "Scissors" as a metaphor for the spring breeze, which vividly depicts the graceful willows and praises the magical power of the spring breeze. It is a world-recognized masterpiece of Liu Yin. Yang Wanli, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, said in his poem "New Willow": "The wicker has swept a hundred feet across the silver pool, and the dark green is only light yellow. Not necessarily the wicker can dip in the water, but the willow shadow in the water leads him to grow! " It's not surprising to recite the new willow in the Spring Festival, but it conveys the charm of the new willow and is full of interest. It is also one of the representative works of Yong Liu.
Willow branches are soft and slender, and the spring breeze blows, just like a young woman dancing and graceful, so ancient poets call them "willow waist", which is often used to describe women's slender waist. This is from Yu Xin, a poet in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, whose waist is thin in the Woods, and the wine trail in Xinfengduo (Kunming Pool and People's Night Banquet) and Han Wo, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, who wrote Medicine Tactics and Chess.
Willow leaves are as slender as eyebrows, giving people a feminine beauty. So ancient poets used it to describe women's long and beautiful eyebrows. Li Shangyin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem, "Liu Mei is empty, and Yu Gui flies to buy money to laugh" (Mother's Tomb).
Liu Hua's color is like goose yellow, with white fluff on her face, which falls into catkins with the wind. The description of willow in ancient poetry not only has the scene of catkins fluttering in the wind, but also describes other things in this way. In Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu Yan Er in the Southern Song Dynasty, a short story was recorded: Xie Jin 'an discussed literature with his children on a cold snowy night. Xie Gong immediately asked, "What is snow like?" His nephew Xie Lang went on to say, "The air difference of desalting can be worked out." And his niece Xie Daowen said, "If catkins were not due to the wind." (1) This short story is a household name. Xie Daowen wrote the scene of snowflakes falling with the wind in the form of "catkins rising with the wind", which is vivid, appropriate and novel, especially praised by later generations.
From China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, there is such a sentence: "I have passed, Yang Liu Yiyi; Today I think about it, it's raining "("Xiaoya Cai Wei "). These poems have been sung through the ages, and the willow tree has forged an indissoluble bond with the world. There was a custom of folding willows to give people away in Han Dynasty. According to "Three Auxiliary Huang Tu", when the Han people send guests to Baqiao (ancient Chang 'an, now the east of Xi City, Shaanxi Province), they often fold willows to bid farewell, that is, they are pedestrians (the homonym of "willow" and "stay"), indicating farewell. According to legend, the word "Liu Se, Ba Ling farewell" in Qin Yi 'e, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, refers to this matter. Rong Hong, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Moving Home to Kohantei" that "wicker vines leave their feelings", and chanting willow in ancient poetry is often integrated with expressing their feelings of parting. Among Yuefu's cross-blowing songs is Broken Willow, which is mostly taken from the works of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. Its content is nothing more than writing a broken willow as a farewell. The so-called "Qu Chengpan only complains about parting" (Chen Cenzun Southern Dynasties: Broken Willow). Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi, great poets in the Tang Dynasty, also wrote Yang Liuzhi Ci, which inherited the old Yuefu song "Folding Willow" and made some innovations. Bai Juyi wrote in Eight Poems of Yang Liuzhi (I): "Don't listen to old songs, listen to the new version of Yang Liuzhi". We know from Bai Juyi's Eight Poems of Yang Liuzhi (the eighth poem) that "willow leaves are like frowning, and sorrow is like willow silk." There should be no continuation period for each other. "It can be seen that this kind of poetry is indeed a blend of chanting willow and expressing feelings of parting.
Folding willows to bid farewell is mostly in spring. Peach and willow are green, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, and the singing and dancing spring scenery reflects the hopeless parting, which makes people feel worried and go further. Therefore, Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Send Shen Zi to Jiangdong": "When you visit the willow, you will paddle to the door. Only acacia is like spring scenery, and Jiangnan Jiangbei will send you home. "
Ancient poets loved and chanted willows, and they also liked to plant willows. Ouyang Xiu, the leader of the poetry reform movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, loved willow trees. When he was the magistrate of Yangzhou, he built Pingshan Hall and planted a willow tree in front of it, named "Ou Gong Liu". Chao Zhongcuo's sentence "There are several willows planted in front of the hall" in "Seeing Liu out of Weiyang" is to recall the poet's willow planting. Su Shi, a great poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, also had a soft spot for willow trees. Song Zhezong Yuan You five years (A.D. 1090), served as the magistrate of Hangzhou, collecting relief services, dredging the West Lake, building dikes on the lake and planting hibiscus willows, which looked like pictures. Hangzhou people named it "Su Gong Di". "Dawn in Su Causeway" is now one of the "Ten Scenes of West Lake".
There is a close relationship between ancient poetry and Liu, who is sincere and has a unique expression. May contemporary poets learn the essence from ancient poems and nutrients from life, and create more newer and more beautiful poems about willow.