Marathon is a long-distance race with a distance of 42. 195 km (also known as 42. 193 km). The distance of this event should be determined from a battle that took place in September 490 BC 12. The battle was fought by Persians and Athenians at the seaside of Marathon not far from Athens. It was called Persian War in history, and the Athenians finally won the victory against aggression. In order to let the people in his hometown know the good news of victory as soon as possible, Commander-in-Chief Melidi sent a soldier named Perides back to tell the news. Xiaoyao Tour is a famous "Scud". He has been running in order to let his hometown people know the good news earlier. When he ran to Athens, he was out of breath and shouted excitedly, "Let's have fun, Athenians, we won …" Then he fell to the ground and died. In order to commemorate this event, in the first modern Olympic Games held in 1896, a marathon was set up, and the distance of the marathon was 42.193km, which was run by Fedipintz messenger that year. The statue of Fidipides, the first man in the marathon, was originally a Greek place name. 30 kilometers northeast of Athens. Its name comes from Phoenician marathus, which means "rich in fennel", and it is named after countless fennel trees growing here in ancient times. This is the name of marathon in sports.
2
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Gujarati; Mahatma Gandhi, Hindi; Mohandas karamchand gandhi (186910.02-194810.30), also known as Mahatma Gandhi, was the leader of the Indian National Liberation Movement and the Indian National Congress. He is the father of modern India, the greatest political leader in India and the founder of modern national bourgeois political theory-Gandhi. His spiritual thought led the country to independence and got rid of British colonial rule. His "non-violence" philosophy has influenced nationalists all over the world and international peaceful change movements.
Gandhi liberated India from British rule through "nonviolent" civil disobedience. This also inspired people in other colonies to fight for independence. In the end, the British Empire fell apart and was replaced by the Commonwealth, or more accurately, the Federation (because the prefix "Britain" disappeared at 1946 and became the Commonwealth). Gandhi's main belief is satyagraha, which means "spiritual strength", "the road to truth" and "the pursuit of truth". This has inspired democratic activists in other countries, such as Martin Luther King, Mandela and others. He often said that his values (evolved from traditional Hindu beliefs) are simple, namely truth (satya) and non-violence (ahimsa). He is honored as the "father of the country" in India.
Gandhi's quotations
1, an eye for an eye, the world will only be more blind. An eye for an eye will only blind the whole world in the end.
Live as if you were going to die tomorrow. If you want to study, you should study as if you will live forever.
Live as if you were going to die tomorrow. Study as if you will live forever.
3. Students come from death. In order for wheat to germinate, its seeds must die.
All countries are born out of suffering.
5. Not using violence is the limit of humility.
If we can cultivate willpower, we will find that we no longer need armed forces.
7. Numerous examples make me believe that God will eventually save those people with pure motives.
8. Prayer is not a request, but a spiritual desire.
9. Cowards have no love. Love is the characteristic of a brave man.
10, it is because I am afraid of death that I shed tears for the death of others.
3 Mao Yisheng
Among the older generation of scientists in our country, many people have studied abroad and returned to work. Mao Yisheng, a famous bridge expert, went to the United States to study at the age of 20 in 19 16, and became a graduate student majoring in bridges at Cornell University, and soon obtained a master's degree with excellent results. In order to get the opportunity of practice, he attended classes in the evening, studied for a doctorate, and worked as an intern in a bridge company during the day, drawing, cutting steel parts, riveting and painting by himself, and finally became a talent who knew both theory and technology. Americans admire him very much, and letters of appointment were sent from all over the country, asking him to be an engineer.
However, Mao Yisheng did not accept the invitation, but decided to return home. Someone in the United States advised him: "Science has no motherland and transcends national boundaries. The contribution of scientists belongs to all mankind. The conditions in China are poor, and your contribution to staying in the United States will be even greater. " Mao Yisheng replied: "Although science has no motherland, scientists have a motherland. I am a native of China, and my motherland needs me more. I want to go back to serve the motherland! "
19 19, Mao Yisheng returned home with all his skills and began to build bridges for the country. The magnificent Qiantang River Bridge in Zhejiang was designed and built by Mao Yisheng.
four
Among the outstanding contemporary scientists in China, there are three people whose names are Qian Xuesen, Qian Sanqiang and Qian Weichang. They are called "San Qian". They all came back from studying abroad with the heart of serving the motherland. Among them, Qian Xuesen's experience is the most thrilling.
Qian Xuesen spent 20 years in the United States, made outstanding achievements in aviation science, became a famous rocket expert and made contributions to American military science. 1949, he was very excited when he learned that the new China was founded, and decided to go back to China to participate in the construction. However, the United States is hostile to China, fearing that Qian Xuesen's return to China would be detrimental to them, so it tried every means to obstruct it. The US undersecretary of the Navy also said maliciously, "I would rather shoot him than let him leave the United States. He knows too much, and one person can top five divisions! " Therefore, the US falsely accused Qian Xuesen of being a spy in China and arrested him. Although he was later released, he was still under close surveillance.
Qian Xuesen did not give in, lodged a solemn protest with the United States, and his determination to return to China was even greater. He put away three small boxes at home, ready to start at any time. Later, Qian Xuesen, who was detained by the US for five years, finally returned to China by boat at 1955. He came to Tiananmen Square and said excitedly, "I believe I can definitely come back, and now I finally come back!" " "
After returning to China, Qian Xuesen made great contributions to China's missile and space undertakings and was one of the most prestigious scientists.
5 Hua Luogeng
On June 3rd, 1985, Hua and his assistant visited Japan at the invitation of the Asia Society of Japan. Because I had twice myocardial infarction and my leg surgery had passed the insurance period, I had to take a wheelchair when I went to see a doctor. During the visit, only Hua was arranged to give a report on his work since the 1950s. It is already difficult for him to write, and his eldest daughter-in-law has compiled a table as the outline of the report. In order to prepare the report, he declined all kinds of activities for two days in a row. 1 1 That night, he really couldn't sleep, so he took sleeping pills and barely slept for a while. The lecture will be arranged in a lecture hall of Tokyo University in the afternoon of 12. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, accompanied by the president of the Japanese Mathematical Society, Komatsu Yansaburo, he walked into the lecture hall with a cane, and the venue rang with warm applause. At 4: 12, at the beginning of the speech, he left the wheelchair and insisted on standing. At first, he used Chinese, which was translated into Japanese by a translator. Later, after consulting everyone, I switched to English. He talked on and on, taking off his suit and tie first. The stipulated time of 45 minutes was up, and he asked for everyone's opinions and asked if he could extend it for a few minutes. The speech lasted 65 minutes. Finally, Hua said "thank you" and sat down in a storm of applause. Bai Niao Wen Zi, a Japanese mathematician, came to the podium with a bunch of flowers in her hand. Hua suddenly slipped down from the chair. Professor China and Japanese doctors present exclaimed to help him. His eyes were closed, his face turned purple from lack of oxygen, and he completely lost consciousness. That night 10: 09, Tokyo University Hospital announced that Hua's heart had completely stopped beating. Hua once said: "The greatest hope is to work until the last moment of life". Perhaps, there is no more gorgeous way to make a curtain call.
six
Yang Jingyu, patriotic hero: Yang Jingyu joined the revolution at the age of 2/kloc-0. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/940, he was besieged by the Japanese army and was seriously injured. He couldn't chew the bark, so he had to swallow the cotton and ice in his coat to satisfy his hunger. Yang Jingyu, who was only 35 years old, died heroically when the Japanese army failed to persuade him to surrender and fired indiscriminately. The cruel Japanese army cut open his body. When he saw that there were only weeds and cotton wool in his stomach, all the invaders who were overwhelmed by the anti-Japanese coalition led by Yang Jingyu froze. In the snowy forest of Changbai Mountain, supporting Yang Jingyu's strength against the enemy is a deep love for the motherland.