Hunting Watch was written by Wang Wei, and was selected as the 70th poem in the whole Tang poetry 126. This poem is Wang Wei's early poem describing the general's shooting and hunting scene. The poem begins with the climax of hunting, and begins with a series of flying scenes. The last two sentences are gently compared, so that the appearance of flying just now seems to be still vivid. The style is light and refreshing, and every sentence is unforgettable.
original text
Hunting (1)
Author: Wei
Bow ring (2) General hunting acropolis (3).
Grass withered eagle disease (4), light snow.
Suddenly passed Xinfeng City (5) and returned to Xiliuying (6).
Looking back at the sculpture (7), the cloud is flat (8).
To annotate ...
(1) The first poem is hunting and riding. Poems of Yuefu and Ten Thousand Poems of the Tang Dynasty were selected as five-line poems from the first four sentences of this poem, with the title of Ronghun, and the whole Tang poetry was also recorded as Ronghun in volume 5 1 1, which were all wrong.
(2) Angle bow: A compound bow with angles to enhance the toughness of the bow.
(3) Weicheng: Xianyang City in Qin Dynasty, renamed Weicheng in Han Dynasty, in the northwest of Xi 'an and north of Weishui.
(4) eye disease: sharp eyes.
(5) Xinfeng City: Located in the northeast of Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, it is a place rich in fine wine in ancient times.
(6) Xiliuying: In today's Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, Zhou Yafu, a famous Han Dynasty soldier, was stationed. Historian Jiang Hou Zhou Bojia: "Yafu is a general, and the army is fine." This refers to the barracks where the hunting general lives.
(7) Shooting sculptures: Hu of the Northern Qi Dynasty was proficient in martial arts. He once photographed a sculpture called "Archer". This is a compliment to the general.
(8) Twilight level: The clouds in the evening are connected with the earth.
translate
The arrow on the horn bow shot out, and the string sound roared with the wind! The hunting and horseback riding of generals and soldiers sped in the suburbs of Weicheng. ? Withered weeds can't cover up sharp eagle eyes; The snow melts, and the galloping hooves are more like the wind chasing leaves.
In a blink of an eye, the hunting horse passed through Xinfeng City and returned to Xiliuying when it was stationed in the horse.
Looking back at the triumph, the land of hunting; Thousands of miles away, the dusk clouds cover, and vilen is quiet.
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This poem is regarded as Wang Wei's early works with its powerful style. The content of the poem is just an ordinary hunting activity, but it is written with passion and boldness. The whole poem is divided into two parts. The first four sentences are the first part, writing the process of hunting; The last four sentences describe the general returning to camp in the evening. As for its artistic skills, Shen Deqian of A Qing Dynasty marveled at it: "Its composition, syntax and typesetting are excellent. This is also rare in Tang poetry. " (Tang Poetry)
The poem begins with "Bowing at the Horn of the Wind". Before writing about people, we should try our best to write about its influence: the wind whistling and the strings singing. The sound of wind and horn bow (a hard bow decorated with horns) corresponds to each other: the strength of wind is heard through the vibration of strings; The wind blows the strings. The word "Gong Gong" brings out the meaning of "hunting", which can remind people of the shooting scene of "a horse flying like a bolt from the blue". What a good hand-eye you should have to shoot in the strong wind! This aroused the reader's suspense about the hunter. Full of momentum, the protagonist launched: "General Hunting Weicheng". The appearance of the general is exactly what readers expect. This initial stroke that wins everyone's attention can take the lead. "It is amazing to fall from a mountain without knowing where it came from" (Fang Shudong). Two sentences "If it is reversed, it is a pen" (Shen Deqian).
Weicheng is the old city of Xianyang in Qin Dynasty, in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Wei River. At that time, the grass on the plain had withered, the snow had disappeared, and there was a breath of spring in the depression at the end of winter. The words "the grass is dead" and "the snow is gone" are as simple and vivid as sketches and quite picturesque. The eagle eye is particularly sharp because of the withered grass, the horseshoe is unobstructed because of the exhausted snow, and the couplet is extremely fine. The words "sharp eagle eye" and "disease" mean that prey will be found soon, followed by the words "light horseshoe", which means that hunting horses will catch up quickly. The words "disease" and "light" are both wonderful. The two sentences are reminiscent of Bao Zhao's famous sentence "The beast is fat and the spring grass is short, the flying grass is flat, and the ground is flat", but the meaning of finding the prey and then pursuing it is clearly written on paper, while Wang Wei puts the same meaning in obscure sentences, which makes people think deeply and feel meaningful. At first glance, three or four sentences seem to have the same meaning and are called each other; It is a "flowing couple" who understand the meaning of the party. Such subtle opposition is rare.
The above description of hunting only touches on three details, namely "Horn Bow", "Hawkeye Disease" and "Light Horseshoe", but does not describe the hunting scene. First, because of hunting opinions; Second, the fun of hunting is far from practical, only good for hunting and riding and its influence.
Behind the necklace is "light horseshoe", but it means to go hunting and come back. Although the turning point is continuous with the meaning of the above words, it naturally flows away. "Xinfeng City" is in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, and "Xiliuying" is in Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, with a distance of more than 70 miles. These two place names can be found in Hanshu. Poets come to the meeting at will and get together for a while, which is elegant and tasteful, so it is unnecessary to refer to reality. When you say "suddenly pass" and "go home", you will see the speed of returning to camp, and it really feels like a thousand miles a day. "Xiliuying" was originally the place where Zhou Yafu stationed troops in the Han Dynasty. It is used to add another meaning, which seems to mean that the hunting hero in the poem was also named as a general, which is in line with his image of high spirit and dashing and heroic when shooting in front of him. These two sentences, together, not only vividly describe the hunting and riding scenes, but also truly show the hero's airy feeling and joy.
Speaking of hunting, it's very poetic. However, the tail couplet ends with scenery, but it is not the scenery of the camp, but the prospect of the hunting ground, which is already "thousands of miles away". This scene is far from the beginning of the article. The beginning and the end not only echo each other, but also contrast: the beginning is a storm, which corresponds to the tension of hunting; At this time, the wind will calm down, which is commensurate with the indecision after hunting. Writing about landscapes is all expressions, and seeing the ups and downs of feelings in the changes of landscapes is a wonderful stroke. Seven sentences have been published. The History of Northern Hubei records that when Hu was hunting in Northern Qi Dynasty, Yu saw a big bird, which hit his neck like a wheel and spun down. This is a sculpture, so it is called "archer". The phrase "shooting an eagle" implies that the general is muscular and superb in archery. This ending of the poem is meaningful and memorable.
This poem is very good at portraying characters by artistic means such as voice, side contrast and vivid allusions, so that the image of the poem is vivid and vivid, and the artistic conception is grand and implicit. Although this poem is about daily hunting activities, it vividly depicts the general's bravery and attraction. In this poem, Wang Wei wants to express his thoughts and feelings, but he is eager to serve the battlefield and look forward to making contributions.
Looking at the whole poem, half of it is about hunting, half of it is about hunting returning, and it rises and falls suddenly, making a proud knot, lingering for two times at a time, bearing one turn at a time, and having an irresistible momentum of rhythm, which can reflect the five laws of combination from beginning to end. This is the beauty of composition. Three place names are hidden in the poem, which makes people feel unconscious, the allusions are blurred and the scenery conveys feelings. Three or four sentences are both extremely physical and beyond words, which is a wonderful syntax. Dry, tired, sick, light, sudden death and return, the choice of words and words is precisely tempered, and both salty and salty can be taken into account. This is the beauty of calligraphy. All these techniques can skillfully express people's anger and lofty sentiments in poems. Therefore, this poem fully deserves the reputation of a masterpiece in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1), whose real name is Moggi, whose real name is Shi Fo and whose real name is Vimalakīrti. Vimalakīrti is a layman of Mahayana Buddhism, a famous bodhisattva at home, and his free translation is famous for its cleanliness and pollution-free. It can be seen that Wang Wei's name has an indissoluble bond with Buddhism.
Wang Wei's achievements in poetry are various, including frontier poems, landscape poems, metrical poems and quatrains. His poems were called by Su Shi as "paintings in poems and poems in paintings". He really has his unique attainments in describing natural scenery. Whether it is the grandeur of famous mountains and rivers, the grandeur of frontier blockades, or the quietness of small bridges and flowing water, it can accurately and concisely create a perfect and vivid image, with less pen and ink, high artistic conception and complete integration of poetry and painting.
Landscape pastoral poetry school is one of the two major poetry schools in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The main writers are Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Chang Jian, Zuyong, Pei Di and others. Among them, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran have the highest achievements and the greatest influence, also known as "Wang Meng".