Source: Tang Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow.
Original text:
The emperor of China, eager to shake the beauty of an empire, has been in office for many years, searching and never finding it. Until a child of the Yang family grew up in the inner room, almost before she grew up, and no one knew her.
However, due to the gift of heaven and no concealment, it was finally elected royal one day. If she just turned her head and smiled, there were a hundred spells, and the powder and paint of six palaces disappeared without a trace.
It was early spring. They let her bathe in a pure pool to warm and smooth her creamy skin. Because she was tired, a maid lifted her up, when the emperor noticed her for the first time and chose her as his bride.
On the night of spring, the warm hibiscus curtains covered her fluttering hair, petals on her cheeks and golden ripples on her head. But the night in spring is short and the sun rises too fast. Since then, the emperor has given up his early hearing.
He wastes all his time on parties and revelry. He is the lover of spring and the tyrant of night. There are other ladies in his court, 3,000 of whom are stunning beauties, but his love for 3,000 is concentrated on one person.
The golden house is dressed up to serve the night. When the table in the jade tower is cleaned, she will wander around and drink wine slowly. Sisters and brothers are in this country because she illuminates and glorifies her family.
When a girl is born instead of a boy, she brings happiness to every father and mother in the empire. ... high rose plum palace, into the blue clouds, and the wide breeze carries magical notes.
Soft songs and slow dances, strings and bamboo music, the emperor's eyes will never stare at her. Until the sound of drums came from Yuyang, which shocked the whole earth and broke the tune of rainbow skirts and feathers.
The Forbidden City, a nine-story palace, is hidden in the dust and travels southwest from thousands of chariots and horses. The imperial flag opened the way, suddenly moving and stopping, 30 miles from the capital and passing the west gate.
People in the army stop, and no one will move until they are under their hooves. They may trample on those moths. The gorgeous hairpin fell to the ground, and no one picked it up, a green and white Hosta and a golden hairy bird.
The emperor couldn't save her, so he had to cover his face. Later, when he turned to look, there was blood and tears. Hidden in the yellow dust blown by the cold wind, they crossed a cloud line at the crack in the path of the dagger tower.
Under Emei Mountain. The last few came, and the flags and banners lost their colors in the fading sun. But the water in Shu is always green and the mountains are always blue, so your majesty's love is constant and deeper than the sky.
He stared at the desolate moon from his temporary palace, and he heard the rain at dusk, cutting his chest. Heaven and earth in last contact, the dragon car comes home, and the emperor never leaves.
The memory and pain are buried in the soil of Maweipo. Where is her white face? . Rulers and lords, when their eyes met, cried on their coats. They rode horses, loosened the reins and slowly returned to the capital.
Pond, garden, palace, everything is the same as before, Taiye Lake hibiscus, Weiyang Palace willow. But the petals are like her face, and the willow leaves are like her eyebrows. Whenever he looks at them, what can he do but cry? .
Spring breeze blows on your face, peaches and plums bloom at night, and autumn leaves fall all over the ground after autumn rain. Autumn grass in Xigong Nanyuan, with red leaves piled up on the steps.
Bai Fuxin, a disciple of Li Yuan, and eunuchs in her pepper yard. . Fireflies were flying on the throne, and he was meditating in the twilight. , he will extend the wick to its end and still never fall asleep. ..
Bells and drums will slowly ring the long night, and before dawn, the Milky Way in the sky will become clear. And the porcelain mandarin ducks on the roof grow thick morning frost, and the jade is cold, so who and who * * *.
The distance between life and death is year after year, but no beloved soul has visited his dream. There lived a Taoist priest in Lingqiong. He was a guest in the sky and could summon the gods through his concentration.
People were moved by the emperor's constant meditation, and they begged the Taoist priest to see if he could find her. He opened a path in space, like lightning, cut through the sky, up and down, looking for it everywhere.
Above, he looked for the green void, below, the yellow spring, but he didn't find the one he was looking for in two places. Then he heard a narrative about the magical island at sea, and the mountains were in nothingness.
There are pavilions in the five-color sky, and exquisite immortals walk back and forth. And one of them, they call it forever true, has a face like her snow and flowers.
So he went to the golden gate of the West Hall, knocked on the Jasper Gate, and asked a girl named Small jade to tell Shuang Perfect. This lady, after hearing the news of Emperor China's envoy, woke up from her dream in her canopy.
She pushed open the pillow, got dressed, shook off her drowsiness, opened the pearly curtain, and then opened the silver screen. Because she left in such a hurry, her muddy hair ornaments hung aside, and when she came along the platform, her flowered hat was loose.
The wind blew the fairy's robe, as if she were dancing in a rainbow skirt and feather coat. Tears rolled down her sad and pale face, just like the spring rain on pear flowers.
But when she asked him to thank her monarch, her eyes shone with love. Since they separated, her form and voice were unfamiliar to her. Because happiness ends in the courtyard of the sun, the moon and dawn become long in the palace of Xianshan.
But when she turned to look down at the earth and tried to see the capital, there was only fog and dust. He expressed his love for the old man and sent him back a shell box and gold hairpin through his special envoy.
However, one branch of the hairpin and one side of the box were kept, and the gold of the hairpin and the shell of the box were broken. "Our souls belong to each other," she said, "just like this gold and this shell." Somewhere, at some time, on earth or in heaven, we will be together.
She sent him a message through his messenger, reminding him that only the hearts of the two of them knew the oath. On the seventh day of July, in the Palace of Eternal Life, we secretly told each other in the quiet midnight world.
We hope to fly in heaven, two birds become one, grow on the earth, two branches of a tree ... the earth lasts forever, and the sky lasts forever; One day both will end, and this endless sadness will last forever.
Translation:
Ming Di favored beautiful women in the Tang Dynasty. After becoming emperor, he searched for beautiful women for many years, but found nothing. The Yang family has a daughter who has just grown up and is very delicate and charming. She was brought up in a boudoir, and outsiders didn't know that she was absolutely beautiful.
Natural beauty and beauty made it difficult for her to be buried in the world, and soon she became a concubine around Tang. She looked back and smiled, charming and moving; The concubines of the six officials are all eclipsed.
When the spring was chilly, the emperor bathed her in Huaqing Pool, and the warm spring water washed her skin. The maid helped her, and she was as soft and graceful as a hibiscus, so she began to get the favor of the emperor.
The sideburns are like clouds, the face is like flowers, and the head is wearing golden steps. Warm lotus account, and the emperor * * * spring night. Love only hates the short spring night and sleeps until the sun is high. The king loved his children's gentle hometown and never went to court again.
I am too busy to serve you. Spring tour of the emperor, night sleep. There are no fewer than 3,000 concubines in the harem, but only she enjoys the favor of the emperor.
The golden house hides the charming, and pampers the king every night; The jade banquet upstairs adds a bit of charm to drunkenness. Brothers and sisters are proud of her, and the lintel of the Yang family is radiant and enviable.
Therefore, parents all over the world have changed their ideas and preferred sons to daughters. In the Huaqing Palace in Mount Li, the Jade Qionglou towers into the sky, and the breeze wafts in all directions of Yue Xian.
Singing and dancing are more in tune, and the orchestral melody is vivid. The king watches it all day, but he never gets tired of watching it. The drums of Yuyang chaos were deafening, and the colorful feathers stopped playing in the palace.
The Jiuchong Palace was suddenly dusty, and the king fled to the southwest as soon as possible with a large number of ministers, workers and beautiful women. The team stopped and went, but it was only a hundred miles west of Chang' an city.
The Sixth Army stagnated and demanded Yang Yuhuan's death. The king had no choice but to kill Yang Yuhuan at the foot of Mawei Slope. The ornaments on the imperial concubine's head were scattered all over the floor. A green and white Hosta and a golden bird, precious headdresses one after another.
The king tried to save him, but he hid his face and wept. Recalling the scene of the tragic death of the imperial concubine, his blood and tears could not stop flowing. The autumn wind swept away the fallen leaves, and the loess dust was gone. The loop zigzagged across the plank road, and the motorcade set foot on the Jiange ancient road.
There are few pedestrians under Mount Emei, the flag is colorless, and the sun and the moon are dull. The beautiful scenery of Shu attracted the king's love.
Looking at the moon in the palace is sad, and listening to songs on rainy nights is sad. After the rebellion subsided, the king returned to Chang 'an and passed Maweipo, thinking about things and people, and hesitated. Under the steep slope, in the desolate yellow grave, the beautiful scenery has disappeared, only the grave lies in the mountain.
The monarch and the minister looked at each other, and their clothes were wet with tears. Dong Wangjing was very sad, so he believed that the horse would come back to the hall from the reins to have a look.
The pond garden is still there, the hibiscus beside Grandpa's pond is still there, and the weeping willows in Weiyang Palace have not changed. Furong is like Yuhuan's face, and Liu Yeer is like Yuhuan's eyebrows. How can this scene not be sad?
Spring breeze blows away peach blossoms and plum blossoms, which makes people sad; Autumn rain drops on the plane blades, and the scene is even more miserable. Xingqingguan and Ganlutang are depressed everywhere, and autumn grass grows. The fallen leaves in the palace are full of steps and have not been swept for a long time.
The actor's head turned white, and the beauty of the maid-in-waiting faded. At night, fireflies danced in the palace, and the lights went out, so it was still difficult for the king to sleep.
Counting the delayed bells and drums, the more you count, the longer the night feels. Look up at the stars until dawn in the east. Who sleeps with the king in a cold jade quilt?
Yin and Yang are separated by one year. Why have you never appeared in my dream? Taoist Lin Qiong lives in Chang 'an. It is said that he can attract the soul of the imperial concubine with magic.
He was moved by the feeling that the king missed the imperial concubine. He accepted the emperor's orders, did not dare to neglect, searched diligently, and was protected from the wind on all sides.
Take the cloud into the air, go straight like lightning, ascend to heaven and search everywhere, and find nothing between heaven and earth. I suddenly heard that there is a fairy mountain surrounded by white clouds on the sea. Fairy mountain surrounded by white clouds.
Exquisite buildings and pavilions are supported by colorful clouds. There are countless fairies, all of which are graceful. One of the characters is too real, and her skin looks like snow, which seems to be the Yang Guifei that the king is looking for.
The Taoist priest came to the west of Jinque, knocked on the gate of the jade carving, and called softly, asking Xiaoyu to call the maid Shuangcheng to report. It's true that the king's angel came and woke up from the tent.
Put on your clothes, push away the pillow and go out to sleep. Open the screen one by one and put down the bead curtain. Half-combed with clouds, I just woke up and came down from the altar before dressing, with a wreath askew.
Gentle fairy wind blows sleeves and flutters slightly, just like the dance of a dress and a feather. Lonely and sad, tears are always flowing on my face, like pear flowers with rain in spring.
He gazed affectionately at the emperor's envoy and thanked the king deeply. I haven't heard from her since we met at Maweipo. The marriage in Zhaoyang Temple has long been cut off, and the loneliness in Penglai Palace remains for a long time.
Looking back on the world, Chang 'an has disappeared, leaving only dust and fog. I can only express my affection with the keepsake of that year. You can take that box of gold hairpin to the king as a souvenir.
One for the gold hairpin, half for the cymbal box, gold for the gold hairpin, and precious cymbals for the cymbal box. I hope our loving hearts are as firm and unyielding as Huang Jinbao's, and we will have a chance to meet again forever.
When I left, I kindly asked the alchemist to take a message to the king, saying that only the king and I knew the oath. When the Palace of Eternal Life was empty in the middle of the night on the seventh day of July, we made a pledge of eternal love.
In heaven, I would like to be a bird flying with me. On earth, I would like to grow branches together. Even if it lasts forever, there will always be an end, but this life-and-death feud will never end.
Extended data
1, Bai Juyi tells a love story in Song of Eternal Sorrow.
Song of everlasting regret was written in the first year of Yuanhe (806). At this time, the Tang Dynasty was the middle Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi is only thirty-four years old. Bai Juyi once loved a girl named Xiangling deeply. However, due to family background and social atmosphere, Bai Juyi was forced to separate from Xiangling for her own future.
Due to the social background, Bai Juyi failed to combine with Xiangling, but this relationship made him unforgettable. Later, during his writing, Bai Juyi wrote three poems in memory of Xiangling: Hu Aixiang Spirit on a Winter's Night, Mourning Autumn Farewell and Farewell.
After this incident, Bai Juyi vowed never to get married again. It is precisely because of this unforgettable emotional experience that it has had a profound impact on Bai Juyi's feelings all his life. As the emotional basis of Song of Eternal Sorrow, Bai Juyi inevitably added his own personal feelings when describing the love tragedy between Yang Guifei and Tang Xuanzong. Therefore, from the perspective of knowing people and discussing the world, the theme of Song of Eternal Sorrow is more in line with love.
2. Relevant figures in Song of Eternal Sorrow
1) Li Longji
Li Longji (September 8, 685-May 3, 762) was born in Luoyang, the capital of gods, in 685, and his reign was 7 12-756. The longest-serving emperor in the Tang Dynasty, Tang Ruizong's third son, mother Dou Defai. Because posthumous title is "Great Sage, Daming and Filial Piety", the temple name "Xuanzong" is also called Emperor Taizong. In the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi's name "Michelle Ye" was taboo. He was often referred to as Emperor Tang, and another one was honored as "Emperor Kaiyuan".
In the first year of Tang Long (7 10), Li Longji and Princess Taiping jointly launched the "Tang Long Political Revolution" to assassinate Wei Hou. In July12, Li Dan Zen was located in Li Longji, and then Princess Taiping was granted the death, thus gaining the highest sovereignty of the country.
In the early stage, we paid attention to bringing order out of chaos, appointed Yao Chong, Song Jing and other sages, and made great efforts to govern the country. In the later period of his reign, he cherished Yang Guifei, neglected state affairs, favored Li, Yang and other treacherous officials, made mistakes in decision-making, and reused An Lushan and other ethnic groups beyond the Great Wall, trying to stabilize the frontier of the Tang Dynasty, which led to the eight-year Anshi Rebellion and laid the foundation for the decline of the Tang Dynasty. In 756, Hengli ascended the throne and honored him as the father of the emperor. He died in 762 and was buried in Tailing.
2) Yang Yuhuan
Yang Yuhuan (765438+June 22-July 200915,756), the figures are too real. She is beautiful, good at singing and dancing, and has a smooth melody. She was a court musician and dancer in the Tang Dynasty. Her musical talent is rare among the queens of past dynasties, and she is praised by later generations as one of the four beauties in ancient China.
First of all, she is Princess Li Mao, the son of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. After being ordered to become a monk, he was canonized as a imperial concubine by his father, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. In the 15th year of Tianbao (756), An Lushan rebelled, went into exile in Shu and passed through Mawei Post Station, where he died on June 14th.
3. The theme of this poem and its supplementary arguments.
The theme of Song of Eternal Sorrow has always been controversial. There are three representative views as follows.
(1) Allegory holds that this poem, with the love affair between Li and Yang as the theme, exposes the profligacy and shamelessness of the ruling class, satirizes lewdness and misunderstanding the country, which leads to the "Anshi Rebellion". Warn the supreme ruler to take warning and avoid repeating the same mistakes. As for the description of eternal hatred in the second half of the poem, it is not sympathy for Li and Yang, nor praise. Instead, it satirizes their decadent country through the embarrassing scene of losing everything in his later years, and finally tastes bitter fruit.
(2) According to the theory of love, in the first half of this poem, there is indeed irony and dissatisfaction with Li and Yang's extravagant abandonment of state affairs, but this is not the main idea. The whole poem describes their bizarre experiences and praises their love. Critics also believe that the love between Li and Yang described in the poem has actually surpassed historical facts and has certain typical significance. Through this love tragedy, the author praises people's loyalty and singleness to love and reflects people's pursuit and yearning for happy love. Although Li and Yang are empresses, their love is consistent with people's lives and feelings.
(3) According to the dual theme theory, on the one hand, this poem satirizes the extravagance and disaster of Li and Yang, on the other hand, it gives deep sympathy to their love tragedy and their sincere love for each other, and pays more attention to the latter. The whole poem runs through the binary opposition from beginning to end, and runs through the conflict between Li and Yang, the makers and undertakers of love tragedies. The embodiment of conflict is mainly the two characters themselves, and the inevitable result of conflict is the long hatred of the characters.