Du Fu
The clear river winds around the village, and everything in the village looks elegant in the long summer.
Swallows on the beam fly freely, and blind dates in the water are similar and accompanied.
The old lady is using a chessboard, and the younger son is making a hook with an injection.
Many diseases need medicine, what else can they ask for?
Volume 2 of Du Fu's Jueju has been introduced. Jiangcun was written in the first year of Shangyuan (760) by the Huanhua River in Chengdu, Tang Suzong. In the early summer of the second year of Su Zonggan Yuan (759), Du Fu abandoned his official Qin Zhou because of political frustration and hunger. Du Fu has lived in Qin Zhou for less than four months, so he can't support himself. So 10, he went to Tonggu from Qin Zhou. I stayed in Tonggu for about a month. I left for Sichuan on 1 February1day and arrived in Chengdu at the end of the year. A thatched cottage was built on the banks of Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu with the support of relatives and friends, and finally lived a stable life. The above is the writing background of this poem.
The first couplet is about the environment of Jiangcun village. The first sentence describes the geographical characteristics of Jiangcun, in which the word "Bao" accurately and vividly expresses the characteristics that Jiangcun is surrounded by Qingjiang River. Jiangcun written in the second sentence is especially quiet and leisurely in midsummer, in which the word "all is silent" is always full.
Zhuan Xu wrote about birds with the words "All is silent". Swallows are welcome to nest in their own halls, so they fly around and feel very free. Because of fishing, there are many seagulls in Qingjiang River, which often float on the water together and are very close.
Neck couplets write about family activities with the words "All is well". In five sentences, the old lady doesn't do housework, but she is "drawing paper like chess" and preparing to play chess, and her life is leisurely. Taking chess as a leisure activity, Du Fu and his wife's life interest is quite elegant. It is also naive to write that naive children are making hooks. This detail of life is quite in line with the characteristics that there are fish to catch in Jiangcun. "Knocking needles to make hooks" means sitting still and enjoying it, because the hooks made by sewing needles have no barbs and can't catch fish.
The poet said in the couplet that as long as he is healthy, he wants nothing more. Du Fu has just lived in exile for four years, hungry, cold and frightened. It is natural for him to have this idea after he has just got a place to live and lived a slightly stable life. The seventh sentence is "but an old friend provides rice", which is probably not true, because the original version is mostly "medicine needed for many diseases". It was not until June of the second year of Guangde (764) that Yan Wucai, our ambassador of Dongxichuan, recommended Du Fu as the staff of our department and checked Yuan Wailang of the Ministry of Industry.
Poetry is lyrical in nature, with emotional people. This poem was written after a long period of exile, and once we get the happy mood of living and working in peace and contentment, we can clearly feel it from the images described in the poem. There are many understandings of poetry, but there is no need to ask too much. For example, the so-called Bi Xing in Song Hong's "No Kitchen" said: "A wife is not as good as a minister, and a husband is not as good as a gentleman. Chess, straight. Criticize the shortcomings of the times and hit Song directly, saying that the old minister wanted to be an emperor, and the young monarch was not good at law. A child is better than a young gentleman. " At the end of Ming Dynasty, the so-called regret in Volume II of Du Shijie's "Singing Classroom" said: "An old wife can't live once if she writes two positive sentences." Don't kiss your wife, but this border is inseparable; Don't be a child at a young age, be crooked and deceive people. ..... The paper is not as white as mine, and the needle is not straight back, but you must knock. As a chess game and a fishhook, it is hate, not a secret. However, people have never been bored, nor have they been singing all the time, so they have misunderstood. "To write the family affairs as a state, and write the secrets as hatred. As a family, not bad. However, it is obviously an exaggeration to think that you have a unique secret and others misread it. It was Hong and Jin Shengtan who misread the poem.