1. Expression techniques: lyrical expression based on scenery, emotion in scenery, expression of ambition by objects, symbol, contrast, imagination, association, contrast, contrast, arousing by objects, beautiful scenery with sadness, rendering, and combination of reality and reality.
2. Lyric techniques: express one's mind directly, express one's feelings indirectly, express one's feelings through scenery, and embody feelings in scenery.
3. Description methods: front description and side description. Virtual writing, real writing; Dynamic description and static description. (combination of static and dynamic, with static lining); Description function of scenery (environment): to render atmosphere and contrast <; Hint, reveal, show > The mood of the characters, paving the way for lyricism, laying the emotional tone, and the scenes are in harmony <; Scene blending > Beautiful scenery sets off sadness.
4. Rhetoric: exaggeration, metaphor, analogy (personification, imitation), parallelism and duality.
5. Language style
(1) Plain and simple
Its characteristic is that it is true, profound and approachable by choosing exact words to state directly, or by sketching without modification. Which Jia Dao's "No Visitor Meets": "when I questioned your pupil, under a pine-tree, "My teacher," he answered," went for herbs ". But toward which corner of the mountain, how can I tell, through all these clouds?. " The whole article has 4 sentences and 2 words, and there is no difficulty.
(2) Implicit and meaningful
Poetry is full of aura, and the aura of poetry lies in meaning and "short words and long feelings", and there is always a "blank" between the lines that inspires people's association and understanding. For example, Li Shangyin's "Sending the North on a Rainy Night": "When you ask about the return date, evening rain will rise to the autumn pool. When * * * cuts the candle at the west window, but talks about evening rain. " The husband and wife who live far apart miss greetings, and at that time, their feelings and the longing for a long night's talk at home are all obvious and hidden in the blank.
(3) fresh and elegant
For example, Yang Wanli's "Xiao He only showed his sharp horns, and long ago, a green dragonfly stood on his head" ("Little Pool"). The language is novel and unconventional, giving people a fresh and beautiful pleasure.
(4) Vivid images
The language of poetry is often touching with its vivid images. For example, Su Shi's "Rocking through the air, crashing on the shore, rolling up thousands of piles of snow" ("Red Cliff Nostalgia") is both a poem and a painting, which vividly shows the magnificent scenery of Red Cliff, with majestic momentum and open realm.
(5) Gorgeous and elegant
Like "the incense burner in Rizhao produces purple smoke, and the waterfall hangs in front of Sichuan in the distance. Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days. " Most of Li Bai's poems are colorful, beautiful and unpredictable, which is beautiful and elegant.
(6) Other rough and bold, lingering and sorrowful, implicit, sorrowful, and using allusions.