The first couplet outlines a big outline and always leads the whole article. In the last sentence, the story of "Gold Powder Land in Six Dynasties" was used, and the "Gold Powder" used by ancient women for makeup was used to compare the prosperity and beauty of the southeast region. "Fifteen Southeast States" generally refers to the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The next sentence "all kinds of grievances" generally refers to the grievances of powerful people against selfish desires such as power, gangs, money and debauchery; The word "celebrity" contains sarcasm, but it is actually a dignitary who is a "celebrity" in the index list. The implication of this sentence is that those in power are bent on fighting among themselves for endless selfish desires, but they have no intention to think about the invasion crisis of foreign powers and the poverty of the country.
Parallel couplets and neck couplets are closely related to the grievances of the first couplet: "prison basin" was originally an ancient instrument for cooking salt, which refers to bureaucrats and salt merchants who control salt administration; "Guest" refers to a scholar who has a close relationship with his master and often plays and drinks with him. For example, "Chen Shu? General Manager Jiang said, "My late master was always in charge of government affairs, but he and his late master held a banquet in the backyard. At that time, Chen Xuan, Kong Fan and more than ten people were invited as guests. This refers to diners, close assistants of powerful people. This sentence means that these idle people who are good at flattery and rhetoric make suggestions for those who are rich and powerful, manipulate the power of the salt industry, commit crimes, engage in malpractices, and stabilize their chances of winning. " Tuanfan ":It originally meant that ancient ladies-in-waiting and geisha often held white silk Tuanfan;" Wit: Originally a female official in the palace. However, the "round fan of talented people" here is a derogatory term for frivolous literati, mocking them for being good at courting and pampering dignitaries and women's weakness and coquetry. The implication is that the world is getting worse, shameless, and the cartilage is full of charm. Scholars seek to occupy important positions in Tianjin by this shameless behavior.
"Necklace" has both inheritance and turn: it still describes "grievances" in detail; However, compared with the "loyal guest" and "talented person" in the first part of the Part I of the Part I, it is another more common scholar type, so it is also a turning point. "Avoiding seats" means that the ancients left their seats at banquets or parties, or toasted to show their respect, or wanted to leave because of fear, which is called "avoiding seats"; From Du Fu's poem "Rice and Liang Ji", "Look at the geese, each for rice and Liang Ji!" At first, birds ate rice and beams. Here refers to the literati writing books, saying that they only want food and clothing. These two sentences kill two birds with one stone: first, criticize the Qing dynasty's high-handed policy to clamp down on ideas and implement literary inquisition, which made the ideological circles unable to speak freely and easy to be accused, so people had to keep silent and make a big fuss; Secondly, it criticizes the cowardly ethos of literati, such as cowardice, stealing security, and preserving our sanity, but they want nothing. As long as it involves discussing current affairs, it will immediately become pale, for fear that the literary inquisition will come to you, and you will leave immediately to avoid it; Writing a book only talks about purely academic issues, which has nothing to do with saving the world, politics and people's livelihood, and only seeks food and clothing (such as keeping a job or asking for a manuscript fee). This is the attitude of most intellectuals. They are not as shameless as "cheating customers" and "talents", but they are also cowards.
Couplets end up far away, asking questions. Tian Heng is the cousin of Tian Jia, the King of Qi. In the uprising at the end of the Qin Dynasty, Tian Yun, Tian Rong and Tian Heng stood for the King of Qi against Qin successively, and fought against Xiang Yu and Liu Bang. After Liu Bang destroyed Xiang Yu, Tian Heng took more than 500 people to an isolated island in the Bohai Sea. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang issued a letter to Tian Heng to surrender, promising that the big one would be king and the small one would be waiting for him. Dispatch troops will be destroyed if you don't surrender. Tian Heng had no choice but to bring two attendants. When he was 30 miles away from Luoyang, he was ashamed to surrender to Liu Bang and committed suicide. 500 people on the island heard the news and all committed suicide to show their unyielding. Sima Qian praised "Tian Heng high festival, guests die. Isn't this wise! " The poet used this allusion to ask, "Five hundred people in Tian Heng live in peace? Don't come back to seal Hou! " Use historical allusions to praise the lofty virtues of Tian Heng and his righteous men who sacrificed their lives for righteousness, so as to interpret the title of "praising history"; The subtext is to lament that there is no righteous man like Tian Heng in the world today. On the contrary, the "celebrities" literati in power in Tianjin are all a bunch of people who are courting each other, or who are stubborn and flattering; Most scholars are cowards, who just want to steal peace and dare not speak out about the disadvantages of the times. On the surface, the phrase "no return to the vassal state" says: If Tian Heng and others don't commit suicide, will Emperor Gaozu really ban all 500 people? The implication is to expose that while the Qing Dynasty suppressed the literary inquisition, it lured the scholars into submission by taking the high-ranking officials and the stereotyped imperial examination as bait. In fact, it is false and insidious. Although the scholar is servile, can he really get the result of being a top scholar and a senior official? The answer is naturally no, because the imperial examination hall is as corrupt as the officialdom, and the scholars have lost their moral responsibility, so even if a few lucky people have both fame and fortune, they just add a group of corrupt officials. The poet only asks questions but doesn't answer them. "Words are endless." Rhetorical questions contain profound irony, which has a powerful charm of inspiring, thought-provoking and alerting vulgarity.
Generally speaking, chanting poems refers to narrating historical events to satirize the present and learn from the past. Structurally, historical events or figures are described first, and then emotional comments are made. But this poem does not stick to the old model, and expresses itself in a unique way. The first three sections all stab at the reality, and at the end, only historical allusions, such as Huang Zhong and Lu Da, are quoted, which integrates narrative history with discussion, making modern people form a strong contrast with the ancients, with novel ideas and unique compositions. In addition, the brushwork is dignified and sharp, the artistic conception is broad and profound, and the structure is ingenious and rigorous, which is also the Excellence of this rhythmic poem.