Because calligraphy and painting are based on Xuan paper, silk, silk and so on. After a long time, it is easy to be eaten by insects, and it is even more afraid of being wet and dry.
Compared with other cultural relics, it is more exquisite. In order to maximize its life, it is very important to protect calligraphy and painting.
Now some basic knowledge is introduced as follows:
First, calligraphy and painting should not be hung on wet and greasy walls.
Second, the first thing to pay attention to is the firmness of hanging nails. The method of hanging pictures is very particular. Hold the painting fork in the right hand and hook it on the calligraphy and painting tapestry.
Heart, the left hand holds the middle part of the painting, the big and little fingers are inside, and the middle finger is outside. With the lifting of the fork, the left hand is held.
Loosen your fingers, spread them out slowly, and hang them before leaving your hands. When picking a picture, the posture of the left hand and the right hand is the same as that of the wall chart. Take it off and lay it flat on the table.
Pay attention to the neatness and compactness of the scroll when painting. If there are two people, one holds the pole and the other slowly holds the shaft heads on both sides.
Roll it up If the picture is too wide for both hands to hold, you can hold the middle part of the picture with one and a half hands and roll the picture with the other hand.
Attention should be paid to the person holding the pole to hold the painting high and the painter to hold it low so as not to break the core of the painting.
Third, the exhibition books must be placed on the console table, the surface of the console table should be clean, dust should be removed and dirt should be wiped off, and ink bottles and the like should be kept away.
Console table. When reading a book, put the belt and pin on the Baotou smoothly, then the thumb is inside and the four fingers are outside.
With the volume. Don't touch the picture with two fingers to prevent the unexpanded part of the tail from falling to the ground. When winding, both hands can adjust the inclination at any time.
After rolling, hold the external rod in one hand, put the hand roll vertically on the box, and press the edge with the palm of your hand to roll the picture tightly.
Fourth, the album, open the face, insert four fingers into the folds on the back of the two pages, and lift it slowly. Avoid touching your hands.
Draw the front of the page. If it is a loose page, open it page by page, read it in order, and don't take it out casually.
In addition to the above basic methods and knowledge, we should also pay attention to:
1, need thin cotton gloves.
2, at work (contact calligraphy and painting), talk, cough, remember to avoid the picture.
3. Look at pictures, take photos and avoid smoking. Fireworks are strictly prohibited in the room.
4. You can't look at the painting at the tuyere, and the outdoor wind can close the window in time.
5. Lead appears in paintings, calligraphy and colors, especially in figure paintings. After the return of lead, the face is grayish black.
You can use a small brush (a new oil painting pen or a writing brush) dipped in hydrogen peroxide to wipe it. If the recycled lead is too heavy, wipe it for the second time after the first drying.
Repeat it a few times and it will be eliminated.
6, calligraphy and painting outbound packaging, length classification, with each package 10 as well, between the shaft head with paper, cotton, foam pad, with
Tie the rope or hemp rope firmly at both ends, with a cross and a square in the middle. The outer packaging is kraft paper, oil paper, drain paper or plastic paper.
Wrap it in case of rain and moisture.
7, calligraphy and painting must be stored at a certain temperature and humidity, and keep the air circulating. The easel bookcase is far from the ground.
More than half a foot. Take it out to dry once a year in late autumn.
8. Calligraphy and painting are easily eaten by insects and bitten by mice. Where calligraphy and painting are kept, food must not be thrown away to avoid attracting insects and rats.
9, calligraphy and painting storage, generally classified by age, there are flowers and birds, figures, landscapes, strokes according to the author's surname.
Number and business card include painting name, author, texture, size, science and detailed records. This applies not only to national collections.
Unit, at the same time, personal collections can also be preserved and archived more formally in this way, which is convenient for searching.
10. Fragments in broken paintings and calligraphy cannot be lost, and they should be uncovered and repaired in time. The longer it is left, the worse it is for calligraphy and painting. special
Fu Zi, which is used to package hand-rolls, is fashionable when it is dry for a long time, and is mostly used in the collection of the Forbidden City, with an inscription on it.
Look into it. People today can follow suit.
1 1. If a calligraphy and painting is found to be damp and moldy, it should be hung in a well-ventilated place as soon as possible, but not in direct sunlight.
Sun, slightly moldy, can be gently bounced off with a duster. If the moldy phenomenon is serious, it should be reinstalled and repaired.
12, calligraphy and painting can't be hung for a long time, otherwise it will be deformed. Collectors should rotate their collections from the perspective of appreciation.
Will feel fresh, but also the protection of calligraphy and painting.
13, the warehouse dedicated to storing paintings and calligraphy requires a certain temperature and humidity, which can inhibit pests and molds.
Growth and reproduction. Scientific experiments have proved that the growth and reproduction of pests and molds are directly related to the humidity and temperature in the air. temperature
When the temperature is lower than 10℃, most pests stop developing and reproducing, and when the relative humidity is lower than 65%, molds lose their normal growth.
The possibility of development, so the temperature of the painting and calligraphy library should be controlled between 10- 18℃ and the relative humidity should be controlled between 50% and 60%.
All right. Why is the relative humidity required to be at the lower safety limit of 50%? Because calligraphy and painting are hygroscopic substances, it is difficult to over-dry.
Allergic, easy to dry. Calligraphy and painting are mounted with adhesive such as paste made of flour, which is dry to a certain extent and sticky.
When the glue is crisp, it will cause physical deterioration of calligraphy and painting. If the relative humidity is lower than 45% for a long time,
Calligraphy and painting are in danger of being damaged, so the safe lower limit of relative humidity of 50% is a strict humidity limit.
14, the painting and calligraphy museum should first choose a well-ventilated and dry building, not the bottom and top floors. Yes, after getting wet.
Painting and calligraphy should not be rolled up before drying to avoid mildew.
15, in order to prevent moisture, desiccant can be used to absorb water, that is, general solid silica gel, and each kilogram of silica gel can absorb 0.4-0.5 kilograms of water.
Still solid after wetting, the surface is not wet, does not melt, has no pollution, does not corrode, has no side effects on calligraphy and painting, and has stable performance.
It can be used for a long time. Multi-purpose repellent for painting and calligraphy is a solid with special odor and toxicity, which makes use of its volatile characteristics.
Put the medicine into a sealed painting cabinet (box) to keep the gas emitted by the medicine at a certain concentration around the painting and calligraphy to kill it.
Pests or keep pests from approaching. Naphthalene (C 10H8) is commonly used. Pure naphthalene is white crystalline powder or flake with stable chemical properties.
Strong volatility and high concentration can kill insects. There are also naphthalene pills (that is, health balls), which are wrapped in paper to prevent contact with calligraphy and painting.
Camphor essence (C 10H 16) is also used, and its pure product is colorless and volatile. In addition, benzene dichloride (c 6 H4 cl 2) is used,
Its efficacy is 5 times that of naphthalene, and its insecticidal ability is great. When in use, it is put into a bottle, and the bottle mouth is sealed with gauze to reduce the volatilization speed. Never directly.
Touch painting and calligraphy.