The relatives of ancestors, according to the ancient scope of kinship, start from the great ancestor. Direct ancestors above the great ancestor are called distant ancestors, ancestors, ancestors, and originators (bi, meaning the beginning).
(1) Ancestor: In ancient times, the broad sense refers to all male ancestors above the father's generation, and the narrow sense refers to the grandfather.
(2) Grandfather: also known as "royal father", "eldest father" and "ancestor". In ancient times, "Gong", "Tai Gong" and "Weng" could also be used to address grandfather; today the most common name for grandfather is "Grandpa".
(3) Grandmother: can also be called "Big Mother", "Queen Mother", and "Chongci". And because the ancients had wives and concubines, grandmothers were divided into "grandmother Ji", "grandmother concubine" and "grandmother concubine". The name "grandmother" is commonly used in ancient and modern times.
(4) Po: It is a very common name for adult women in ancient times. It can also be used to call grandmother.
(5) Grandma: It is a common name for grandmother today. It was used later in ancient times. As a title, "milk" was first used as a title for a wet nurse, and later it was used to address a mother, and also as a broader title for married women.
(6) Cousin, great uncle, great uncle, uncle, uncle, great uncle, great uncle, uncle, etc.: These are the titles given to the grandfather’s brothers.
(7) Cousin, great-aunt, great-aunt, great-aunt, great-uncle, great-uncle, etc.: These are the titles given to the wives of the grandfather’s brothers.
2. Great-grandfather
(1) Great-grandfather: the grandfather’s father. In ancient times, there were also titles such as "Tai Weng", "Zeng Weng", "Uncle Zeng", "Uncle Wang", "Uncle Wang", "Tai Gong", "Tai Gong Zeng", etc. The more special one is "Zeng Men". .
(2) Great-grandmother: refers to the wife of the great-grandfather, who can also be called "grandmother", "great-grandmother" and "grandmother", among which the more common one is "grandmother".
3. Great-grandfathers
(1) Great-grandfather: the father of great-grandfather. In ancient and modern times, he was often called great-great-grandfather. He was also called "great-grandfather" or "high-men". However, it should be noted that in ancient times, distant ancestors above the great ancestor could also be called the great ancestor.
(2) Great-great-grandmother: refers to the wife of the great-grandfather, or "the great-grandmother of the great-grandmother".
4. Parents
(1) Parents: Parents are the most important relatives among relatives. In addition to the common collective names, there are also "Gaotang", "Yanjun", "Zunqin", "Yanqin", "Liangqin", "Qinwei", etc., as well as "sheng", "Chunxuan" and other pairs in the literary works. Parental pronouns.
(2) Father, Father: It is a common name for father in ancient and modern times. You can also call father "Gong", "Weng", "Zun", "Sir", "Yan Jun", "Ye". ”, “Dad”, “Dad”, “I” etc.
(3) Zun: A common honorific term in ancient times. When calling one's own father, you can call it "family respect", and when calling the other party's father, you call it "father".
(4) Ye: A broader term for adult men in ancient times. It began to be used as a term for grandfather in the Song Dynasty. In the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, it was used as a term for father, or written as "ye".
(5) Mother: It is the most common name for mother. In ancient times, most of the names for mothers were similar to "mother", and they were also used as a general term for adult women or elderly women. The more important ones are: "Po", "Niang", "Empress", "Grandma", "Adult", "Mom", "Ci", "Jia Jia" and "Sister" etc.
(6) Stepmother: If one's mother dies, divorces, or is expelled by her parents, the wife she remarries is called stepmother, stepfather, stepmother, false mother, or stepmother.
(7) Chumu: If you can still see your mother after leaving home, you are called Chumu.
(8) Biological mother: In ancient polygamous families, one's biological mother was called "biological mother" or "biological mother".
(9) Concubine: In ancient polygamous families, if one’s biological mother was the head wife, the father’s concubine would be called “concubine”, “young mother”, “mother”, “concubine” mother".
(10) Jiajia and sister: are two special names for mothers in the Middle Ages.
(11) Aunt: In ancient polygamous families, regardless of whether one's biological mother is a wife or a concubine, the father's concubines can be called "aunt", "aunt" or "aunt" .
(12) Adopted father: refers to recognizing someone as a father in addition to one's own father. The word "righteousness" has the meanings of extra, false, substitute, and voluntary.
(13) Adopted mother: refers to recognizing someone as a mother in addition to one's own mother.
5. Relatives related to the father
(1) Fathers and mothers: are the collective names for the father’s brothers and their wives.
(2) Shifu: The title given to the father’s brother. Nowadays, it is more often called “uncle” or “uncle”
or simply “uncle” or “uncle”. . The ancients occasionally called several uncles in the order of Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji, respectively, as "Uncle", "Zhong Fu", "Uncle" and "Ji Fu".
(3) Aunt and uncle: These are the titles given to the wives of the father’s brothers.
(4) Congfu: Father's uncles and brothers can be collectively called "Congfu", or they can be called "Congbo" and "Congshu" respectively.
(5) Aunt: The father's sister can be called "aunt" (still used today), and can also be called "aunts", "aunts", and "sisters". Married people can also be called "aunts". They were generally called "aunt" or "aunt", but what was different from today was that they were occasionally called "girl".
(6) Uncle: The aunt's husband can be called "uncle" or "uncle-in-law", or "sister-in-law" or "uncle-in-law".
(7) Cousin: the title given to the aunt’s son.
(8) Cousin: the title given to the aunt’s daughter.
For example: Guan Tianyu’s seniority is an astronomical number that cannot be guessed, so in a simple sentence, Guan Tianyu is your father
6. Relatives related to mother
(1) Grandfather: The mother's father is called "grandfather" (the same as today), and can also be called "waiweng", "waisiren", "family father", "master", etc.
(2) Grandmother: The mother is called "grandmother" or "grandma" (the same as today), also called "grandma", "laolao", etc.
(3) Uncle: The mother's brother is called "uncle" in ancient and modern times. On different occasions, some modifications or supplementary words can be added, such as: "uncle", "uncle", "uncle" "Legendary uncle", "Yuan uncle", "cousin uncle", etc.
(4) Aunt: the title given to the uncle’s wife.
(5) Aunt: The name for mother and sister. In the pre-Qin Dynasty, it was called "Congmu". Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been called "aunt", or "aunt", "aunt", "aunt". "wait.
(6) Uncle: The husband of the aunt is called "uncle" or "uncle". Children of aunts are also called "cousins" and "cousins".
(Whether it is an uncle’s daughter, an aunt’s daughter, or an aunt’s daughter, they can all be referred to as “cousins” or “cousins”. The ancients collectively referred to them as “cousins”.)
7. Kao Yi
"Kao" and "妣" were synonyms for parents in the pre-Qin period and could be used regardless of life or death. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, parents can still be called Kaowei after their death, but they are no longer called Kaowei during their lifetime. Kaowei is only used to refer to deceased parents. Moreover, Kao Yi is not only used to refer to deceased parents, but also deceased ancestors and even earlier direct ancestors can be referred to by Kao Yi (it was a general term for ancestors in the pre-Qin period).
8. Husband and wife
(1) Husband: or "husband", which is originally a good name for adult men, but it is also used as the husband of the couple. "Husband"
There are many related titles that express the husband's wishes with other additional elements, such as: "husband", "husband", "husband master", "husband-in-law", etc.
In addition, you can also use "beloved man", "lang", "father-in-law", "jun", "husband", "official", "man", etc. to address your husband.
(2) Wife, wife: It is the most important name for wife from ancient times to the present. Various additional elements are added before wife, such as "good wife", "good wife", "benevolent wife", "loving wife", "loving wife", etc. In addition, we can also use the terms "wife", "house", "jun", "ma'am", "wife", "husband", "nei", "wife", "mother-in-law", "ma'am", etc.
9. Relatives related to the husband
(1) Gong: also called father-in-law. The father of the husband was called "uncle" in ancient times, also called "gong" and "father-in-law". . These titles are the predecessors of today's calling the husband's father "gong", "father-in-law" and "old man".
(2) Mother-in-law: Also called mother-in-law, the husband's mother was called "gu" in ancient times, and "Jun Gu", "Yan Gu", "Ki Gu", "A Gu" derived from "Gu" "Aunt" and so on. Later, she was also called "Po" and "Mother-in-law".
(3) Aunt and uncle: This is the collective name for the husband’s parents in the early days. Those who are close to her are called "parents-in-law". In addition, there is another common name called "Gu Zhang", or "Gu Xi".
(4) Uncle: The title given to the husband’s brother is consistent with the “uncle” and “brother-in-law” in modern times.
(5) Sister-in-law: the title given to the husband’s sister.
10. Relatives related to the wife
(1) Father-in-law: It is the name given to the wife’s father. In ancient times, there were also "Taishan", "Bingweng", "uncle" and "father" ", "wife and father" and other generational titles.
(2) Mother-in-law: The title given to the wife's mother, or "mother-in-law".
(3) Aunt and maternal aunt: An early term used to refer to the wife's mother.
(4) Uncle: a term used to refer to the wife's brothers, including "uncle", "uncle", "brother-in-law", etc., and also "nei". "brother", "brother-in-law", "brother-in-law", "brother-in-law", etc.
(5) Aunt: The name given to the wife's sister, or "aunt", "little aunt", also known as "Sister-in-law", "sister-in-law".
11. Brothers and their related relatives
(1) Brother: also known as "Kun", today you can use "Brother". Calling elder brother. When there are several brothers, the title must indicate the ranking, or use the ranking terms such as Bo, Zhong, Shu, Ji, etc. ("Brother" was widely used in ancient times. The title can be called father, brother, brother, or son)
(2) Sister-in-law: the title of brother's wife, or "sister-in-law"
( 3) Brother: It is the name for the person who is opposite to the brother.
(4) Sister-in-law: The name for the brother’s wife, or “sister-in-law”.
(5) Nephew. : The most common name for the children of brothers, they can also be directly called "brother's son", "brother's daughter", or "congzi", "congnu", "youzi", "younu".
12. Sisters and their related relatives
(1) Female brother, female brother: the ancient names for sisters, or sisters directly called "sister" and "sister". , who is opposite to sister is called "sister-in-law".
(2) Brother-in-law, brother-in-law: The name given to a sister's husband can also be called "sister-in-law" or "sister-in-law"
(3) Nephew: The most common name for a sister’s son is also called “nephew”, “niece”, and “niece”
13. Children and their related relatives
<. p>(1) Son: In ancient times, it was a widely used title. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was mainly used as a title for son.One's own son can be called "dog son", "evil son" and "buoyant son". "filial son", etc. Others' sons can also be called "lingzi", "good son", "extraordinary son", "virtuous son", etc. In addition, "male", "zixi", "jianxi", "son" can also be used , "son", "son", etc. are used to refer to sons. If there are several sons, they are called "eldest son", "second son", "youngest son", etc.
(2) Female: for daughters. The main title is to refer to other people's daughters as "Ai" or "Ai", also called "Ling'ai" or "Girl's Ai".
(3) Adopted son and adopted daughter: refers to children who are not born by oneself but adopted, also known as "adopted son", "adopted daughter" and "fake son". At the same time, there is also a common nickname of "bollworm".
(4) Daughter-in-law: the name given to the son’s wife. At first it was just called "wife", but later the son was also called "xi", so the son's wife was also called "xifu", or "daughter-in-law".
(5) Son-in-law: The name given to the daughter’s husband, or “son-in-law”, “son-in-law”, “lang-son-in-law”, “quick-in-law”, etc. In addition, the daughter's husband can also be called "daughter-in-law", "son-in-law", "dong bed" and "lingtan".
When a son-in-law arrives at his father-in-law's house, except for his father-in-law and mother-in-law, who can call him "good son-in-law", most people in the father-in-law's family respectfully call him "aunt" or "aunt".
(6) Sun: The name given to the son’s children, or “Sun Xi” or “Sun Zhi”. "Grandson" is divided into "grandson" and "granddaughter", and "granddaughter" is also called "daughter grandson".
(7) Grandson: the name given to the daughter’s children. The female surname can also be called "granddaughter".
Examples of generational titles: the father’s father calls himself grandfather or grandpa, and calls himself grandson or granddaughter;
The father’s mother calls grandmother or grandma, and calls herself grandson or granddaughter;
The father's brother is called uncle or uncle, and calls himself nephew or niece;
The father's sister-in-law is called aunt or aunt, and calls himself nephew or niece;
The father's brother is called uncle or uncle, and calls himself nephew , niece;
The father’s sister-in-law calls herself aunt or aunt, and calls herself nephew or niece;
The husband’s father calls him father-in-law or father, and calls himself daughter-in-law;
The husband The mother calls herself mother-in-law or mother and calls herself daughter-in-law;
The husband's uncle calls uncle or uncle and calls himself nephew-in-law;
The husband's aunt calls aunt or aunt and calls himself niece-in-law;
The husband's aunt calls himself aunt or aunt and calls himself niece-in-law;
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The husband's uncle is called uncle or uncle, and he calls himself his nephew-in-law;
The husband's aunt is called his aunt or aunt, and he calls himself his niece-in-law;
The grandfather's brother is called his great-uncle or uncle. Uncle, calls himself grand-nephew or grand-niece;
Grandfather’s younger brother calls himself great-uncle or grand-nephew, and calls himself grand-nephew or grand-nephew;
Grandfather’s sister calls herself great-nephew or grand-niece, and calls herself great-nephew or great-nephew. Grand-nephew;
Grandfather’s sister is called great-aunt or great-aunt, and calls herself great-nephew or great-niece;
Grandmother’s brother is called great-uncle or great-uncle, and calls himself grand-nephew or great-nephew. Granddaughter;
Grandmother’s sister-in-law calls herself aunt or granduncle, and calls herself nephew or grandniece;
Grandmother’s brother calls herself uncle or greatuncle, and calls herself nephew or grandniece;
Grandmother’s sister-in-law is called aunt or uncle, and calls herself nephew or niece;
Father’s brother-in-law is called uncle or uncle, and calls himself nephew or niece;
The father's sister is called aunt or empress, and calls herself nephew or niece;
The mother's father is called grandfather or grandpa, and calls herself grandson or granddaughter;
The mother's mother is called grandmother or Grandma calls herself grandson or granddaughter;
Mother's brothers call themselves uncle or uncle, and call themselves nephew or niece;
Mother's sister-in-law or sister-in-law calls herself aunt or sister-in-law, and calls herself nephew or niece;
The mother’s brother-in-law or brother-in-law calls herself uncle or uncle, and calls herself nephew or niece;
The mother’s sister or sister calls herself aunt or aunt, and calls herself nephew or niece;
The wife’s father calls himself father-in-law or dad, and calls himself son-in-law;
The wife’s mother calls mother-in-law or mother, and calls himself son-in-law;
The wife’s uncle calls uncle, and calls himself nephew-in-law;
The wife’s uncle calls himself uncle, and calls himself nephew-in-law;
p>The wife’s aunt is called aunt and calls herself nephew-in-law;
The wife’s uncle is called uncle and calls himself nephew-in-law;
The wife’s aunt is called aunt and calls himself nephew-in-law;
More Chinese titles 1. Family titles
Call your parents "father" and "mother". Men call themselves "male" or "son"; women call themselves "daughter".
Calling other people’s father and mother “Your Majesty”, “Zun Weng”, “Your Majesty” and “Laotang”; calling others’ own father and mother “Jia Yan”, “Jia Fu” and “Jia Ci” "My mother".
He calls his deceased father and mother "Kao" and "妣"; he calls his deceased parents "Xian Yan", "Xian Father", "Fu Jun" and "Xian Ci" to others. "Mother".
The stepmother is called "stepmother", and the others are as before.
Call your grandparents "grandfather" and "grandmother". Men call themselves "grandson" or "grandson"; women call themselves "granddaughter".
Refer to other people’s grandfathers and grandmothers as “Grandfather Ling” and “Grandma Ling”; address others’ own grandfather and grandmother as “Big Father” and “Big Mother”.
He calls his late grandfather and grandmother "Xian Dafu" and "Xian Damu", or "Wang Kao" and "Wang Concubine".
Calling one's great-grandparents "great-grandfather" and "great-grandmother". The man calls himself "great-grandson"; the woman calls herself "great-granddaughter".
Calling other people’s great-grandfather and great-grandmother “Ling-great-grandfather” and “Ling-great-grandmother”; calling others’ own great-grandfather and great-grandmother “family great-grandfather” and “family great-grandmother”.
The parents of their great-grandparents are called "great-grandfather" and "great-great-grandmother". The male calls himself "Yuan (Xuan) grandson"; the girl calls herself "Yuan (Xuan) granddaughter".
The father's brother and sister-in-law are called "uncle" and "aunt", and the father's brother and sister-in-law are called "uncle" and "aunt". The man calls himself "nephew"; the woman calls herself "niece".
Calling other people’s aunts and uncles “Uncle Ling”, “Uncle Ling”, “Aunt Ling” and “Uncle Ling”; addressing others’ uncles, parents and uncles as “Uncle Jia” and “Uncle Ling”. "Uncle", "Auntie at home", "Uncle at home".
If there are many uncles, they are called "a few uncles", "a few uncles", "a few aunts" and "a few aunts".
The father's aunts and uncles are called "great-uncle", "great-uncle", "great-aunt" and "great-uncle". The male calls himself "grand-nephew"; the female calls herself "grand-niece".
Add the word "Ling" before calling others; add the word "家" before others call yourself.
Calling brothers and sisters "brother", "brother", "sister" and "sister" or adding the word "several" according to their ranking. Men and women claim to be the same. Brothers and sisters of the same clan are called "cousin", "cousin", "cousin", "cousin", they are also called uncles, brothers and sisters, or the word "ji" is added according to the ranking. Men and women claim to be the same.
When calling others "brother", "brother", "sister" and "meister", add the word "ling" in front of it; when calling others your "brother" or "sister", add the word "家" in front of it, " "Brother" and "Sister" are preceded by the word "家". Men and women claim to be the same.
For their spouses, men call women "wife", "wife" and "good wife" and call themselves "husband"; women call men "husband" and "son-in-law" and call themselves "wife" and "wife" .
When calling someone else’s spouse, you can call the man “brother” or “brother”, and the woman “sister-in-law”, “sister-in-law madam”, “sister-in-law” or “brother-in-law”. If there are more brothers and sisters, add a ranking digit in front.
He calls his children "son" and "daughter" and calls himself "father" or "mother".
Calling other people’s sons “son” and their daughters “lingai”; calling other people’s sons “little son” and “dogzi”, daughters as “little daughter”, and son-in-law as “daughter-in-law”.
Calling brothers' children "nephew" and "niece" or adding the word "virtuous" in front of them. Men call themselves "uncle" and "uncle", and women call themselves "aunt". If they are married, they call themselves "aunt". Called "aunt".
When calling someone else’s brother’s children, add the word “ling” before “nephew” and “niece”, and add the word “fool” before calling yourself.
For elders, ancestors, elders and peers with the same surname but not the same family, all should be commensurate as mentioned above. The word "zong" should be added before the letter and greeting to indicate that they belong to the same clan.
Adopted parents are called "foster parents" and "adopted parents", the men call themselves "foster parents", and the women call themselves "foster daughters" and "adopted daughters". Regarding the names of brothers and sisters, except for the word "brother", which cannot be commensurate, the other names are the same.
2. Relative titles
The father's sisters and their husbands are called "uncle" and "aunt". The men call themselves "nephew" and the women call themselves "niece". The two aunts call themselves "nephew" and "niece".
To call others uncle or aunt, add the word "ling" in front of them; to call others your uncle or aunt, add the word "家" in front of them.
The grandfather's sisters and their husbands are called "great-uncle", "great-aunt" or "uncle" and "aunt". The male calls himself "great-nephew" and the female calls herself "great-niece". The two aunts call themselves "grandnephew" and "grandniece".
When calling someone else's great-uncle or great-aunt, add the word "Ling" in front of it; when calling others one's great-uncle or great-aunt, add the word "家" in front of it.
Grandmother's sisters and their husbands are called "uncle", "aunt and grandmother" or "uncle" and "aunt". The men call themselves "nephews" and the women call themselves "nephews".
When calling someone else's great-uncle or great-aunt, add the word "Ling" in front of it; when calling others one's great-uncle or great-aunt, add the word "家" in front of it.
The mother's parents are called "grandfather" and "grandmother" or "grandpa" and "grandma". The man calls himself "grandson" and the woman calls herself "granddaughter".
To call others "grandfather" or "grandmother", add the word "ling" in front of it; to call others your "grandfather" or "grandmother", add the word "家" in front of it.
The mother's brothers and their wives are called "uncle" and "aunt", the men call themselves "nephew" and "nephew", and the women call themselves "niece" and "niece".
The mother's sisters and their husbands are called "uncle" and "aunt", the men call themselves "nephew" and "nephew", and the women call themselves "niece" and "niece".
To call other people's uncle, aunt, uncle, or aunt, add the word "Ling" in front of it; to call others your uncle, aunt, uncle, or aunt, add the word "家" in front of it.
The mother's uncles and aunts are called "great-uncle", "great-aunt" or "great-aunt" and "great-aunt". The male calls himself "great-nephew" and the female calls herself "great-niece". ".
The mother's uncles and aunts are called "uncle", "aunt" or "great-uncle" and "great-uncle". Men call themselves "nephews" and women call themselves "nephews". .
The father's cousins ??and their wives are called "cousin", "cousin uncle", "cousin aunt" and "cousin aunt". The man calls himself "cousin" and the woman calls herself "cousin niece".
The father's cousins ??and their husbands are called "cousin-uncle" and "cousin-aunt", the male calls himself "cousin-nephew", and the female calls herself "cousin-niece".
The mother's cousins ??and their wives are called "cousin-uncle" and "cousin-aunt", the man calls himself "cousin-nephew", and the woman calls herself "cousin-niece".
The mother's cousins ??and their husbands are called "uncle" and "aunt", the men call themselves "nephews", and the women call themselves "nieces".
Children born to aunts, uncles and aunts who are cousins ??of both parents are all collectively called cousins, and the same applies to themselves.
He calls his wife's parents "father-in-law" and "mother-in-law", and calls himself "son-in-law" and "son-in-law".
To call other people’s father-in-law and mother-in-law “Ling’s father-in-law”, “Ling Taishan”, “Ling’s mother-in-law” and “Ling Taishui”; when calling others’ own father-in-law and mother-in-law, add the word “家” in front of them.
He calls his wife’s grandparents “grandfather-in-law” and “grandmother-in-law” and calls himself “grandson-in-law.”
He calls his wife's uncles and uncles "uncle-father-in-law", "uncle-mother-in-law", "uncle-father-in-law" and "uncle-mother-in-law", and calls himself "nephew-in-law"
He calls his wife's brothers and sisters "Brother-in-law", "brother-in-law", "sister-in-law" and "sister-in-law" call themselves "brother-in-law", "sister-in-law", "brother-in-law" and "sister-in-law".
The husbands of wives and sisters are called "brother" and "brother", and they call themselves "brother-in-law", "sister-in-law", "brother-in-law" and "sister-in-law", commonly known as "Lianjin".
For other members of the wife’s family and relatives, the wife is called whatever she wants.
For other members of the husband’s family and relatives, the husband should also call him the same name.
For the above titles, if you address others, add the word "Ling" in front of them; if you address yourself to others, add the word "杝" in front of them.
The parents of their children's spouses are called "qinqin", "qinweng" and "in-laws mother", and they call themselves "in-law brother", "in-law brother", "in-law sister" and "in-law sister".
The titles of family and relatives can be summed up in two sentences: paternal uncle is called uncle and aunt, and maternal uncle is called uncle and aunt.
3. Titles for teachers and friends
We call those who have taught us "teacher", "sir" and "respected teacher", and call ourselves "students" and "disciples".
He calls those who have taught him skills "master" and "master", and calls himself "apprentice", "disciple" and "disciple".
Their wives are called "Master's Mother" and they call themselves "student" and "disciple".
Refer to your students as "students", "classmates" and "xianqi".
People who study together are called "classmates", "classmates" and "academic friends".
People who study together are called "senior brother", "junior brother", "senior sister" and "junior sister".
Call your friends "brother", "good friend" and "best friend".
4. Other titles
Monks who are monks are called "monk", "zen master", "elder" and "abbot", and their leaders are called "president".
Taoist priests who become monks are called "Master" and "Zhenren".
Female monks who become monks are called "nun" and "master".
Monks call good men and women who burn incense and pay tribute "donors".
The royal family calls the emperor. In 221 BC, after King Yingzheng of Qin unified the six kingdoms, he believed that he had "the virtues of the three emperors and the merits of the five emperors" and was called the "First Emperor". From then on, all feudal monarchs of the past dynasties were called emperors.
Long live the emperor is synonymous with it. One theory is that it is often used for the monarch during court greetings. Over time, it has become an honorific title for the emperor. Another theory is that it has been used since the first year of Yuanfeng in the Western Han Dynasty (110 BC). After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty ascended Mount Huashan in 2001, he began to use "Long Live" to refer to himself, and it has been passed down from generation to generation.
Emperor is the honorific title of the ancient king. In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the official title of the emperor was Wang. For example, King Wu of Zhou could be called the emperor; from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty, the emperor referred to the emperor. The so-called "Son of Heaven" means that the monarch rules over the world and is the son of Heaven.
Queen The emperor’s first wife is called the queen. It has been called by successive dynasties since the Qin and Han dynasties.
The Emperor respected his father as the Supreme Emperor; successive emperors passed down the throne to the crown prince and called themselves the Supreme Emperor; the father of the emperor participated in state affairs and was called the Supreme Emperor.
Empress Dowager The emperor’s mother was called the Empress Dowager, and she was called the Empress Dowager in all dynasties after the Qin and Han dynasties.
Crown Prince The heir designated by the emperor is usually the emperor's eldest son, but there are often exceptions, which are selected and established by the emperor. In the Qing Dynasty, no crown prince was established since Yongzheng. Generally speaking, the eldest son who is destined to inherit the throne is called "Prince."
The title of a noble concubine. It was first established during the reign of Emperor Han Yuan and was originally the first level of concubines. It was established from the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, but The status has declined.
The title of concubine Zhaoyi was first used during the reign of Emperor Wen of the Zhou Dynasty, second only to the queen, and was used for concubines in the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
Title. It was first established by Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty and was used in the Tang Dynasty from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty. The title of Cai Ren was originally the fifth rank in the palace, and was later changed to the fourth rank in the Southern Dynasty. It was first placed during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty and ranked second to the queen. From the Sui Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the official title of the seven children was placed below the beauty and the good man and above the long envoy and the young envoy. >The title of a good concubine in the Western Han Dynasty.
The title of a beautiful concubine.
The title of a noble concubine. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the noble concubine was ranked second to the concubine.
The eldest son born to the prince's wife is also called the prince. In the Qing Dynasty, the eldest son of the prince was named the prince.
The prince has the title of concubine. Liangdi, Ruzi, the third rank; the concubines of ancient nobles were also called Ruzi.
The eldest grandson of the emperor Taisun was often named the grandson as the predetermined successor to the throne after the death of the prince. .
The title of the princess and the daughter of an emperor.
Beginning in the Warring States Period, the Han system stipulated that the emperor's daughter was called the princess, the emperor's sister was called the eldest princess, and the emperor's aunt was called the eldest princess. This was generally followed in subsequent dynasties.
Wengzhu In the Han Dynasty system, the daughters of kings were called Wengzhu, which was the princess in later generations.
The emperor's son-in-law is called the emperor's son-in-law, not an actual official. In the Qing Dynasty, he was called "Erhusband".
Diji is the ancient name for the emperor’s female princess, sister, aunt, etc.