At that time, Li Yuanli was famous as a captain in Li Si. All the people who enter the door are handsome and talented. Their name is Qi Naitong, and they are their middle cousins.
Wen arrived at the door and said to the official, "I am a relative of the Li family." Yes, sit in the front.
Li Yuan asked, "What is your relationship with your servant?" Right: "Zhong Ni, the former monarch, and Boyang, the monarch, are respected by teachers, and the servants communicate well with you." Ethan and his guests are very strange.
Dr. Chen Wei, a doctor in Taichung, arrived late. People said in his own words, "It's time, but it's not necessarily good to be older." Wen Ju said: "I miss you, I must be a young man.
"This is a great event. Chen Taiqiu's friendship period Chen Taiqiu's friendship period is in Japan.
If you don't pass the customs in the middle, you will go to Qiu, even after you go. Fiona Fang is seven years old and playing outside the door.
The guest asked Fiona Fang, "Is Zunjun there?" He replied, "I have been walking for a long time." The friend was angry and said, "How inhuman! Go with people, go with people.
"Fiona Fang said:" You and your family are in Japan, and if you don't reach Japan, you are treacherous; It is impolite to scold your father. "Friends shame, get off.
Fiona Fang ignored this entry. I will meet the Xiongnu ambassador, who is ugly, but not far from the country, so that Cui can take the knife and make a bed.
After that, the spy asked, "Where's Wang Wei?" The Xiongnu messenger replied: "Wang Wei is very elegant; But grabbing a knife by the bed is a hero. "Wei Wu heard about it and came to this special envoy.
When Kong Rong was ten years old, he followed his father to Luoyang. At that time, Li Yuanli was very famous. He was a captain in Li Si.
People who go to his house are people with outstanding intelligence, people with high reputation and their relatives. Kong Rong went to the door and said to the people below, "I am a relative of Li Fujun.
"Has been notified, sit down together. Li Yuanli asked, "What is your relationship with me? Confucius said, "My ancestors studied under Bo Yang, so they have been friends with me for generations.
"Li Yuanli and his guests were not surprised by his words. Yang Chen, a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, arrived later, and others told him what Kong Rong said. Yang Chen said, "I was smart when I was young, but I may not be very talented when I grow up.
Kong Rong said, "I guess you must have been smart when you were a child." Chen Wei feels very uneasy.
Chen Taiqiu and his friend Chen Taiqiu made an appointment with a friend to go out and meet at noon. It's past noon, Taiqiu left without waiting.
Only after Qiu left did the talents come. Chen Yuanfang, the eldest son of Qiu, was playing outside the door when he was seven years old.
The man asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father at home?" Fiona Fang replied, "If you haven't come for a long time, he has already left." The man lost his temper and scolded, "What a shame! I made an appointment to go with someone else, but I left without them.
"Fiona Fang said," you have an appointment with my father to start at noon. If you don't arrive at noon, you will not keep your word. It is impolite to scold your father for your son. The man was ashamed, so he got off the bus and wanted to shake hands with Fiona Fang. Fiona Fang walked into his door and never looked back.
Wei Wu will meet Cao Cao, the special envoy of Xiongnu. The ambassador of Wei Wudi thinks that his appearance is not good enough to impress distant countries, so he orders Twiggy to dress up as himself to receive him, while Emperor Wu stands beside his seat with a knife. After the interview, he ordered the spy to ask the Xiongnu emissary, "Where is Wang Wei?" The Xiongnu messenger replied: "Wang Wei is elegant and extraordinary; But the man standing next to the seat with a knife is a hero.
When Cao Wen learned of it, he sent someone to chase it and kill it. Hua Mulan's poems are selected from Yuefu Poems, a folk song of the Northern Dynasties, and Hua Mulan has compiled them as a routine.
I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers.
Women have nothing to think about, and women have nothing to remember. Last night, I saw the military post, and Khan ordered more soldiers. The military books have 12 volumes, all with the names of lords.
Grandpa has no eldest son, Mulan has no big brother, and she is willing to be a pommel horse, so she will sign for him from now on. Buy horses in the east, saddles in the west, reins in the south and whip in the north.
When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard Yanshan Hu riding a horse.
Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron.
The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years. See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall.
12 The Biography of Ce Xun was awarded the Top 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang; I am willing to send my son back to his hometown.
My parents heard about the woman and went out to help Guo; As soon as Sister A heard that Sister Mei was coming, she had to cut her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door, sit on my West Pavilion bed, take off my wartime robe, wear my old clothes, arrange clouds and temples as windows, and apply decals to the mirror.
When I went out to meet the fire companions, I was both surprised and busy: I spent twelve years together, but I didn't know Mulan was a girl. Male rabbits have messy feet and female rabbits have blurred eyes; When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female? One sigh after another, Miss Mulan walked back and forth at the door.
The loom stopped, the loom stopped, and only the girl sighed. Ask the girl with such a sigh, what are you thinking? (Mulan answers) Girl, I didn't miss anything.
I saw the conscription documents last night and learned that the king was recruiting a large number of soldiers. There are so many conscription documents, each with his father's name on it. My father has no adult son, and Mulan has no brother. I am willing to buy saddles and horses instead of my father from now on and apply for them.
Buy horses in the east market, saddles and cushions under saddles in the west market, chews and reins in the south market and whips in the north market. In the morning, I said goodbye to my parents and set off. In the evening, I camped by the Yellow River. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the rushing of the Yellow River.
In the morning, I bid farewell to the Yellow River and set off. In the evening, I arrived at Heishan Mountain. I can't hear my parents calling for my daughter, but I can only hear the chirping of Hu Bing's war horses in Yanshan. March Wan Li to the battlefield, cross the pass, climb mountains and mountains, as fast as flying.
In the cold wind in the north, there was the sound of fighting, and the cold moonlight reflected the soldiers' armored shirts. After countless battles, the soldiers won ten years later.
When he returned victorious, he appeared in front of the emperor, who was sitting in the palace. Mulan, who was awarded the title of meritorious service, was the highest and won more than a thousand gold.
The son of heaven asked Mulan what she had.
2. How to learn classical Chinese in junior high school is an important part of junior high school Chinese teaching. However, many students find it difficult to learn classical Chinese, especially in exams.
Therefore, the teaching of classical Chinese has become a problem that our Chinese teachers are constantly exploring. In Chinese teaching practice, I think we should pay attention to the following points. First, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese.
In the study of classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: 1, pronunciation, including polyphonic words and heterosyllabic words. 2, meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy, flexible use of parts of speech.
3. Classical Chinese sentence patterns, including special sentence patterns. Second, Chinese textbooks emphasize the reading and reciting of classical Chinese, with the intention of enabling students to master the knowledge of classical Chinese, understand the meaning of the text and cultivate their language perception ability through more reading and reciting.
Reading can be divided into four steps: 1. Read the text roughly with the help of notes 2. Ask questions, solve problems and read the text carefully.
3. Deeply understand and intensively read the text. 4, appreciation and evaluation, familiar with the text.
3. Why do middle school students learn classical Chinese? Hello, I'm a student who just finished the college entrance examination:) I had the same idea as you in junior high school, but now my concept has changed a lot. First of all, classical Chinese should be regarded as a part of China's splendid culture. You don't need to study it thoroughly, but at least you should have some understanding! Secondly, I think classical Chinese is beautiful and refined, catchy to read, and has a kind of musical beauty, which modern Chinese sometimes can't do.
For example, Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Tengting is a wonderful article, which I personally like very much. Third, classical Chinese is rich in connotation, and it will give you a feeling of awakening after repeated chewing. The philosophy and truth contained in classical Chinese did not lag behind this era because it was the conclusion of the ancients. On the contrary, there are many things that we modern people don't realize. For example, Xunzi's "Persuade to Learn" is an excellent article, which guides me to strive for self-improvement throughout the high school period and accumulate knowledge bit by bit! There is also Wang Anshi's "You Bao Chan", and the following paragraphs of the article are quite wonderful! Clear-cut, layer by layer.
And Su Shi's Shi Zhongshan Collection, which requires us to believe what we see, just shows that everything in philosophy is based on reality! Classical Chinese is not useless in the future. Learn more, read more and recite more. Classical Chinese will subtly improve your literary accomplishment and appreciation ability, and let you know more things that you can use in your later life! The above is just my little understanding, I hope it will help you.
But there are many ideas that you can't accept just by listening to others, mainly by changing your own ideas ~ ~ I hope you can gradually like classical Chinese ~ ~:) References:
This is just my own opinion.
4. The investigation on how to learn classical Chinese in junior high school should belong to "easy" in terms of "difficulty".
Generally, the following aspects are investigated: 1. Can correctly understand the meaning of classical Chinese words. 2. Be able to correctly translate classical Chinese sentences into modern Chinese.
3. Be able to understand and summarize the main contents of the article. 4. Be able to grasp the thoughts and feelings expressed by the author in the article and improve the taste of appreciation.
Just recite the in-class part in a targeted way. Extracurricular problem-solving methods are as follows: Extracurricular classical Chinese reading problem-solving Four-step senior high school entrance examination Classical Chinese reading will inevitably get extra-curricular language materials.
What should I do if I have never read a paragraph or an article and have no reference books to look up? Many people feel helpless when answering such questions. Summarize the four steps to solve the problem for your reference only.
The first step is to browse the topic quickly. There is a characteristic in the extracurricular reading questions of classical Chinese: some topic options show the meaning of some keywords in the text, while others suggest the main content of classical Chinese. Browsing the topics helps students to understand the general meaning of classical Chinese.
Therefore, after receiving the extracurricular classical Chinese reading essay, we should first quickly browse the topics after the essay. The second step is to analyze the topic carefully. Generally speaking, reading classical Chinese paragraphs after class will give you questions.
Teachers should guide students to pay attention to and carefully analyze paragraph titles. Because most of the topics themselves summarize the main content of classical Chinese.
For example, in an exam, I took an extracurricular reading essay in classical Chinese. The title of this subject-predicate structure summarizes the main content of the paragraph, and we can know the main content of the paragraph after reading the title.
In short, a careful analysis of the title of a paragraph can help us quickly understand the main content of classical Chinese. The third step is to read the full-text extracurricular classical Chinese with notes, and generally annotate some difficult classical Chinese words.
These notes help students understand the main content of classical Chinese accurately. Therefore, teachers should remind students not to ignore these notes, but to read the full text quickly with them.
In addition, it should be noted that teachers should remind students not to stop and think hard when they encounter obstacles in the process of reading the full text, but to continue reading. In short, read the full text quickly, not completely, but understand the main idea of the article.
The fourth step is "the right medicine". There are three types of extracurricular classical Chinese reading questions, namely, word interpretation questions, sentence translation questions and content understanding questions. Take different methods to solve problems according to different topics: (1) word explanation questions.
Most of these topics examine the phenomenon of polysemy of notional words in classical Chinese, which are basically learned by students in classical Chinese in class. When solving problems, we should first apply the meaning of the content words in classical Chinese that we have learned, and then contact the context test. Fluency after the exam is the correct answer.
(2) Sentence translation questions. Translated sentences should be translated freely on the basis of literal translation.
First, explain the meaning of the key words in the draft (literal translation); Then, write the general meaning of the sentence (free translation). When translating sentences, we should pay attention to the following problems: first, proper nouns such as year number, person name, place name, official name, object name, book title and country name should be kept as they are, and no translation is needed.
For example: "In the spring of four years (year number), Teng (name) was ordered to guard Baling County (place name)". In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year, Teng was demoted to Baling County Order.
Second, words that have no practical meaning in the sentence should be deleted. For example, "Chen Shengsheng is from Yangcheng" and "Zhejiang"
Thirdly, some special sentence patterns in classical Chinese (such as verb inversion, prepositional object, adverbial postposition, etc.). ) is different from that in modern Chinese, so we should make appropriate adjustments in translation. For example, "Sorry, you don't like it!" "Your mental deficiency is too serious.
Fourthly, if the translated sentence is ellipsis, the omitted elements should be supplemented. For example: "Uncle Naidan said' Chen' (ellipsis)."
They wrote the word "Chen" on the silk with vermilion. (3) Content comprehension questions.
There are three ways to solve this kind of problem: one is to quote the original sentence to answer; Second, extract keywords from the original text to answer; Third, organize written answers in your own words. Among the three methods, the accuracy of the first and second methods is generally higher.
5. How to learn classical Chinese well in junior high school is an important part of Chinese teaching, and classical Chinese test questions are the highlight of college entrance examination. Students often ask, how to learn classical Chinese well so as not to lose points in the college entrance examination? I think if we can pay attention to the following points, we can learn classical Chinese well and improve the hit rate of the college entrance examination.
First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated.
Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works.
For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history.
Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation.
In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters.
② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will lay a solid foundation for the college entrance examination. You must learn verbs and loanwords in ancient Chinese well.
Texts are the most important learning materials. Mark the notes one by one and read them every day, just like memorizing words.
Then put it in the text to understand. Two months at most can greatly improve the level of ancient Chinese.
Classical Chinese in junior high school is actually not difficult. Basically, you have mastered everything the teacher said
And the teacher will mark the scope before the exam, so there is basically no problem if the review is in place. Remember the key words and then connect them into sentences, paragraphs and articles.
Just pay attention to language expression. It is faster and more convenient to translate classical Chinese, and there is no need for rote learning.
The advantages of this method will be more obvious when using the text, and you can recite the text in combination with translation. The understandable contents are basically the famous sentences and central sentences in the text.
Teachers have to talk about it, which is very common in practice, so if this part is weak, you can turn over your notes before the exam. There is nothing wrong with the central content (meaning and so on) of the relevant part of the exercise, as long as you pay attention to the expression. Every time you learn a classical Chinese, you should summarize some synonyms, polysemous words and special pronunciations.
Look at it often. Also, you can read books like Shi Shuo Xin Yu, which is not very difficult. If you read more, you will have a sense of language.
If you want to know more, you can look up some information, such as the author, writing background, reasons and so on. There is no need to remember it deliberately. Read the article after a general understanding, and you may have a different experience.
If you don't feel safe enough, you can buy a workbook to write and test yourself. It is more helpful to recommend those with answers and some explanations.
The following are translation rules: classical Chinese translation rules. There are two main requirements for students to translate ancient Chinese: correctness and fluency (that is, faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance). Correctness means that the original intention should be truthfully expressed in the content, and it should not be misinterpreted, omitted or excessively increased; Fluency means that the translation should conform to the grammatical habits of modern Chinese in expression.
When translating ancient Chinese, we should follow two basic principles and master six operating methods. One of the principles: words cannot be separated from sentences, and sentences cannot be separated from articles.
The words and expressions in the article are all in a specific language environment. In order to translate ancient words and sentences correctly, we must understand their language environment.
For example, "A dog sits in front" and (Wolf), it seems that this sentence can be translated as "A dog sits in front", but it is related to "Two wolves on the road" and "When I was a child, a wolf came all the way ..." It can be seen that it is not a dog but another wolf sitting in front. "Dog" means "like a dog" and is used to modify the posture of "sitting".
This example shows that the translation of ancient Chinese should first understand the main idea of the whole article, and then closely follow the requirements of "words cannot be separated from sentences, and sentences cannot be separated from the beginning" for detailed translation. The second principle: literal translation is the mainstay, while free translation is the supplement.
Literal translation means translating word for word according to the original text, and also requires maintaining the sentence structure and tone of the original sentence. For example, "does it really not know horse evil?" I really don't know horses. "
(Ma Shuo), the word "Qi" in the previous sentence should be translated as "Yao" to indicate rhetorical tone, and the word "Qi" in the latter sentence should be translated as "I'm afraid" to indicate speculative tone. In translation, the meaning of some words is still unclear or even awkward after literal translation, which needs free translation to assist.
For example, "the height of the temple" (Yueyang Tower) is literally translated as "the height of the ancestral temple and the palace", the meaning of which is still unclear, and "serving the government" can be adopted.
6. How to learn classical Chinese in Grade Three? I just graduated from Grade Three and will be promoted to Grade One this year.
I am the representative of Chinese class. Our Chinese teacher won't be too hard in class.
He will elaborate on the key knowledge. Usually not.
I think. There is no need to pay too much attention to the subject of Chinese.
The more you think about what you find difficult, the harder it is to learn well.
Take it easy. It's not that hard.
It is not necessary to transcribe all the translations.
Try to write down some important braille and common words that the teacher said in class.
After class. Read more books and see.
You don't have to memorize.
Both classes taught by our teacher are like this.
There is not much time for endorsement at ordinary times.
Speaking of exams, our two classes. I did well in classical Chinese and everything.
Even the overall performance of Chinese is far ahead of other classes.
This shows that we don't have to adopt the teacher's teaching method.
Just find a learning style that suits you.
Wish you all the best. Third grade study progress!
Let's go