How blessed is Junshan?

Chen Xiangyuan is called Junshan by famous cultural scholars, and "quietly shows the infinity of China culture". What is the ranking of Taoist blessed land in China? There are differences between the records of Yueyang County Records and related documents about the view that Junshan is the first blessed land of Taoism. Here, I choose to introduce a few. Qin Long's Textual Research on Yuezhou Official Records and Specialty in Ming Dynasty said: Junshan's Taoist Book has fifteen blessed places. "In the Qing Dynasty, Daoguang's Dongting Lake and Shanbaling County said: Junshan's Taoist Book is blessed with twelve clouds. Qing Guangxu's "Baling County Records, Geography Records and Landscape" said: "Junshan is thirty miles west of the county seat, and one is Xiangshan, also known as Dongting Mountain. Taoist books think that it is eleven blessed places (Du Guangting's "The Legend of the Cave"). In addition, the "Four Famous Mountains" compiled by Xu ranks Junshan as the ninth, and its cloud says: "Junshan is in Dongting Lake". However, Gu Zuyu, a famous historical geographer in the early Qing Dynasty, wrote in the Summary of Reading History: "Junshan is the first blessed place of Taoism." All the above accounts are said to have originated from Tao Shu. It seems to explain a problem, that is, the arrangement of the blessed land position in the past dynasties changed with the change of the situation. In the Tang Dynasty, Du Guangting's A Tale of a Blessed Land in the Cave had a great influence on the arrangement of Taoist books, so the new edition of Dongting Lake Records also adopted the theory of "Eleven Blessed Lands" in its revision. The language of "blessed land and cave" comes from Taoism, which refers to scenic mountain resorts and famous caves where Shinto lives, mainly immortals and real people. There is a cloud in Du Guangting's Paradise in the Tang Dynasty: "Junshan is in the Caoqinghu Lake in Dongting, and it is governed by the first generation." Why is "Hou Sheng" a fairy? It's difficult to research today, maybe it's a fairy with low popularity, so Du Guangting Paijun Mountain 1 1. With the deepening of Junshan culture, especially the influence of Lv Dongbin in Yueyang and Junshan, Junshan's position in the Taoist blessed land will naturally rise rapidly. Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, Gu Zuyu said that "Junshan is the first blessed place of Taoism". Which Taoist book is Gu Zuyu's Daoism? I don't know. However, relying on the historical and cultural accumulation of Junshan, Lv Dongbin's remains and legends in Yueyang City have had an impact on Taoism and even the whole society. It is reasonable for him to promote Junshan as the "first blessed land" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. As far as I know, I can give at least seven reasons. First, there are myths and legends about Junshan in the early classic works of our country. "Shan Hai Jing Zhongshan Jing Wu" contains: "The mountain where the emperor's two daughters live in Dongting is a frequent visitor to Jiangyuan. Between the wind of Li Yuan, the turn of Xiao Xiang and Jiujiang, there must be wind and rain. " The "Emperor" and "Second Daughter" were immortals later worshipped by Taoism. "Dongting Mountain", namely Junshan, is the earliest title of Junshan. Secondly, Qu Yuan made a sacrificial song for the Xiangshan water god. Junshan has been named Xiangshan since the late Warring States period, and it was named because it is close to Xiangshui. Since then, "Dongting" has become the proper name of this lake. Qu Yuan lived in Hunan for more than ten years and wrote famous poems such as Xiang Jun and Mrs Xiang. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" is a memorial to the gods, who were later believed by Taoism. Third, Xiangshan Temple was built in Junshan at the latest at the end of the Warring States Period. "Historical Records of Qin Shihuang" contains: In the 28th year of Qin Shihuang (2 19), he crossed Huai River, Hengshan Mountain and Nanjun County. Floating on the river, to Xiangshan Temple, you can't cross when the wind is strong. The doctor asked, "What is the God of Xiang Jun?" Bo Tu said to him, "I heard that Yao's daughter is Shun's wife, so I buried it here. So the first emperor was furious and ordered three thousand torturers to cut down the trees of Xiangshan and smash its mountains. This historical data not only proves that Xiang Jun recited by Qu Yuan is Xiangshan, the god like water, but also shows that Xiangshan Temple is the earliest ancient temple in Jiangnan recorded in historical documents and the earliest ancient temple in Taoism. Junshan is one of the five earliest famous mountains in China. "Historical Records" says: "From the east of the mountain, there are five famous mountains and two Dachuan temples. It is said that the room is too big and the song is too high. Hengshan, Taishan, Huiji and Xiangshan. " Therefore, the General Theory of Huxiang Culture says: "The mention of Junshan Mountain in Sima Qian's Historical Records (that is, the Yellow Emperor's southern tour" climbing bears and Xiang Mountain "and" Xiang Mountain "is the key point for the Central Plains to enter Hunan. At this time, (Qin dynasty) has become a world-famous scenic spot. " In the Qin Dynasty, Xiangshan, Songshan, Hengshan, Taishan and Huiji were listed as one of the five famous mountains east of Lushan. Five, one of the Taoist immortals, the jade girl in "The Golden Couple", the attendant of the Queen Mother, originally lived in Junshan. Junshan's existing scenic spot "Jade Dressing Table" is its relic. The dressing table consists of three natural boulders, with mirrors, tables and embroidered piers. The former Qin Wang Jia's "Collection of Notes" said: "Dongting Mountain floats in the water, and there are hundreds of golden halls on it, where jade girls live. The sound of stone, silk and bamboo at four o'clock runs through the top of the mountain. "According to legend, the dresser was used by herself. Later, the jade girl became the maid of the queen mother, and the dressing table was petrified. 6. Junshan also has the Dingding Terrace and the Chongtian Pavilion related to the Xuanyuan family of the Yellow Emperor. Zhuangzi's "Tian Yun Chapter" says: "(Yellow Emperor) Zhang Xianchi, music and the field of Dongting. "Laozi and Zhuangzi's philosophy has always been regarded as a classic of Taoism. There are also ancestral temples, Dongting Temple, Jiuxiang Mountain, Jiuxiang Pavilion, Diaoyutai and Yanbo Pavilion related to Taoism. Seven, the most important thing is that Lv Dongbin became an immortal in Junshan, while Yueyang retained Lu Xian's poems and songs, myths and legends, folk stories and historical sites. Therefore, Ci Hai Lv Dongbin published in 1978 said: "The myths and legends of Lv Dongbin probably originated from Yuezhou in the Northern Song Dynasty. "There is a quatrain in the poem left by Lv Dongbin across the ocean:" Walking alone and sitting alone, infinite people don't know me. Only the essence of the old trees in the south of the city clearly knows that the gods have passed. " "Swim north, dusk is light, and the green snake in the sleeve is bold. Three drunks (one engaged) from Yueyang don't know, and the sound of waves flies over Dongting Lake. "Dongting Lake Junshan Fu": "At midnight, Junshan plays the moon, and the small garden opens to the west. The fragrant wind is cold, and the clouds are in the future. "Junshan:" There is no cloud or water in the Dongting, and Junshan Fairy Palace plays the flute. Call the dragon to plow, smoke and plant jade grains, and call the crane to open the door and return the guests. Snow and snow piled up on the altar, and the grass in front of the door was a foot long. White stone rotten red sand boiled, fine boiled for a long time. The sun is high, the curtain falls and the yellow court is sung, and the thunder rock mud falls on the wall. "To Teng Zijing": "Huazhou answered people and came to Yueyang City. Don't go where I am, the autumn sky is a sword. " "Reality walks Baling City, and the satrap is angry, which makes the case officer guilty. The real person said: you must sober up. I lost it, but I left a poem saying, "Say goodbye to Penglai's sea trip for the time being, and I will ask the Taishou why." Live under the big dipper spoon, and the sword hangs on the moon corner of Nangong. I'm really drunk when I'm drunk, and I don't know how to worry. When we met, we didn't know each other, but we drove Baiyun back to have a rest. The word "Qinyuanchun": "Yesterday was Nanjing, now it is Tian Yue, and all of a sudden. Refers to Dongting as wine, and drinks it when thirsty; Junshan is a pillow, sleeping after drunkenness. Talking and laughing freely, communicating clearly, half crazy and half immortal. With me, I have a romantic mind and two sleeves. After years of idleness, Donghua's second feast was arranged. Cut coral, cut Wuqi tree; The Tianhe River is shallow, and I grow golden lotus. Smash Yujing, kick Peng Dao, and kowtow to the fake jade case. Without difficulty, the letter will become 800, and the guild will become 3000. "Legend has it that poets have nine notes. In fact, Lv Dongbin is a native of Ren Xian Village, Yueyang, and his master gave him a red robe when he was enlightened. Therefore, the ancient statues of Lu Xian in Yueyang were all covered with feathers and red robes. Because he was born and raised in Yueyang, he was separated from Han Zhong in Junshan when he went to Beijing to take the exam, which also made people at that time sigh, "There is no need to have a careless career in the Tang Dynasty, and then he made a mistake. "After he became an immortal, he often bought medicine and applied ink in Yueyang, and wrote two poems in Tianqingguan for the county people to scrape ink to cure diseases. The handwriting was scratched more than an inch deep. He once visited Teng Zijing, the county magistrate. Teng Zijing knew that he was a stranger and ordered his family to describe his handsome and elegant appearance. Drunk Yueyang Tower three times and wrote poems. He once played chess with Wang Lun, a well-known national player in Yuezhou, and won numerous games. He got drunk at State Bridge, stopped Joe's sedan chair and was detained for three days. When he woke up, he left a poem and flew away. On one occasion, he passed Lu You on the boat lake, which aroused Lu Fangweng's poetic feeling. The most interesting folk story is "A dog bites Lv Dongbin, but he doesn't know a good man". It turns out that Lv Dongbin went to Lushan Mountain to learn fencing when he first entered the Taoist Temple, and on the way, he went down the mountain with Zhiyuan monk to appease Jiro who was pestering Miss Wang Waijia in Xiakou Town. The old monk gave him a treasure painting and told him that he could use this treasure to drive away dogs, but he could not harm the life of the roaring dog. However, when driving away the dog, Zhiyuan wanted to involve the dog in the painting, turn it into ashes, and frame the old monk, so as to achieve the goal of grabbing the class and seizing power. Dong Bin, on the other hand, opened the exhibition as instructed. Who knows that the roaring dog doesn't know good or bad? He turned and bit Lv Dongbin. This is the origin of the proverb "The dog bit Lv Dongbin, but he didn't know what to do". ".But in Yueyang, there is another saying. Legend has it that when Lu Xian was traveling in Dongting Lake, he met a little rich man. He suffered from schistosomiasis, and his ascites was getting worse every day. Lu Xian gave him a dose of medicine and told him, "I'll see you again in three days. "After taking the medicine, the little rich man's stomach was dry and growled, and he had loose bowels for three days. Ascites completely disappeared and his condition improved. At this time, his son came to report that the Taoist priest had come. The little rich man was afraid that the Taoist priest would come to him for medicine money, so he frowned. He immediately asked his son to go to the kitchen to take a basket and buckle it on his stomach, then covered his clothes and tied it with a belt, and ordered his son to let all the dogs at home out. As soon as Lu Weng arrived, he stood at the door and swore, you arrogant bitch, where did you get these fake drugs to play tricks on me, which made me eat a lot of food useless, and you tried to cheat me out of my money, baby, and let the dog go. The words sound just fell and several vicious dogs fiercely pounced on Lu Weng. Lu Weng evaded and blew away the dust, leaving a few proverbs: "Be stingy with old money lovers and buckle a basket on your stomach. "Tease Lv Dongbin, let the dog go. Never leave your belly, you will have a big belly for life. " Then walk away. From then on, the basket grew on the little rich man's stomach, and I couldn't take it down. As for other 10 well-known folk stories, as well as Ma Zhiyuan's "Lv Dongbin Sanzui Yueyang Tower" and the long-standing Baling drama "White Hair", I won't go into details here. Sites include Lv Xian Pavilion, Sanzui Pavilion, Lv Xian Temple and Langyin Pavilion. Here only talk about the origin of Lu Xian Pavilion and Longyin Pavilion. Lu Xianting, now known as Lu Xianguan, also known as Guo Songting and Guo Xi 'an Pavilion, is located in Baihe Mountain, Dongting South Road, and was built before the first year of Yuan You in the Northern Song Dynasty (1086). Regarding the origin of Lu Xianguan, Fan Zhiming in the Song Dynasty described a story in Yueyang Terrestrial Customs: When Li Guanshou was in Hezhou, a Taoist Chen, who claimed to be 136, visited and said that he had seen him recently in Nanyue. Lu Weng told him that the day before, he was resting under a pine tree in the south of Yueyang City. Suddenly, he saw a man coming down from the tree and asked Lu Weng for a pill. Lu gave him a grain and a poem. Taoist Chen only remembers the last two sentences: "Only the old trees in the south of the city are good, knowing that the gods have passed." More than a year later, Li Guan was transferred to Yuezhou to inspect the matter in the south of the city. Seeing the withered Gu Song with lush foliage, he asked the monks of Baihe Temple why. After telling the above story, He Jiu said that the poem inscribed on the wall had been destroyed by the rain, but the original poem still remembers: "Walking alone and sitting alone, infinite people don't know me." Only the old tree spirits in the south of the city clearly know that the gods have passed. " Li Guan was deeply surprised, so he carved this poem in front of Yueyang Tower, together with another poem by Lu Xian: "Going North to Dusk" and what he experienced. Soon, someone built a fairy pavilion next to the ancient pine trees on the side of Baihe Temple, and later named it Lv Xianting. Langyin Pavilion, also known as Yinfei Pavilion, is located in Longwan Mountain, Junshan. Why build Langyin Pavilion? In the Northern Song Dynasty, Li Guan, the magistrate of Yuezhou, got two poems by Lu Weng at Baihe Temple in the south of the city, and then set up a huge monument on Yueyang Tower. A cloud said, "The green snake in the sleeve is bold. Three drunken Yueyang people don't know, and the waves fly to Dongting Lake. " Where did he fly? He flew to Junshan, a blessed place in Dongting, and stayed there. The name of the pavilion comes from a poem by Luo Weng. Therefore, Hu Song, an official of the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Lang Yin flies over the place" in Xerox Pavilion. It is said that this place is the place where Lu Weng became immortal. Luo Dajing's Record of He Lin Yu in the Song Dynasty states: "Lv Dongbin and Tang Jinshi also want to be the capital. Zhong Liuweng stayed in Yueyang, and when he got the magic formula, he stopped being the capital. Now Yueyang Yin Fei Pavilion is his place. " The pavilion is where it rises, hence the name Yin Feiting. At that time, someone wrote a poem in the pavilion: "Looking for an official to come to a deep well thousands of miles away, the clock leaves the cover." You can't have no plans for don's career, then you are all wet. "Not without humor, Lu Xian here, but failed to make a contribution to the country. Legend has it that Lu Xian is from Shaanxi. Why did he come to Yueyang when he went to Beijing for an exam? In fact, some people in the Song Dynasty said that Lu Xian was from Yueyang. Shao Bo, a native of Henan in the Northern Song Dynasty, recorded in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "Lu Xian was born in the Tang Dynasty, so his family was from Yueyang. Today, his place name is Village, and there are still many Lu surnames. At the beginning of Zen, the immortal came out of the backyard, left a message for a long time, took off his robe and suddenly disappeared. Today, the statue of the immortal in Yueyang is wearing a robe cloud. "In 1953, the statue of Lu Xian in Yueyang Tower was seen by the author wearing a feather suit and lined with a red robe. Since the Song Dynasty, Langyin Pavilion has been renovated many times, which is the oldest, longest-lasting and most influential Taoist pavilion in Junshan. You also have a fairy foot bath, in which there are inexhaustible springs. Legend has it that the Second Princess and Lu Xian stamped their feet. " "Baling County Records" contains: "The foot bath is under the Langyin Pavilion in Junshan, and there is a stone pool, which is said to be a fairy foot bath, as big as a bathtub. "Because of Lu Xian's far-reaching influence in Yueyang, there are countless poems praising him since ancient times. Here are just a few. Wang Yue, the champion of the Song Dynasty, said, "The immortals here have counted the classics, and the old pines are withered and young. I want to be immortal now and never fly to Dongting again. Chen Fu in Yuan Dynasty: "In the past, Lu Xian traveled to Dongting, while Yu Di played reed flowers. The sword flies away in the autumn sky, and Qian Shan in jathyapple is hazy. Things are in a hurry and the waves are stormy. When I call the old tree, I want to talk, and the wet dew is covered with moss. "Ming Lan Chun": "Dongting Wan Li is open to the sea, and stone houses have been hidden for thousands of years. Hua Biao Yue Jing Ming crane, Cang Wu Yun wet sword dragon returns. The old trees in the south of the city are empty, and the dream of sorghum on the pillow is gone. Xianke is looking for loopholes, and Dansha is not against his will. "Qing Pan Lei": "The sails of Chiba are ten thousand points, and the silver waves float. Penghu may not win this, but it will be a flying fairy who plays the flute. " The image of Wu's Sleeping: "Mo Yan knows the machine, and there is nothing in the world. "I don't remember when I was drunk for three years and had nothing to do for a long time. It is safe to ride a crane between your legs, but it is not advisable to sleep with a snake in your sleeve. Look at the old tree for no reason, and cut off the oblique light. " Xie: "The new pavilion of the feather guest smells sweet, so you can't see it again. Rain comes out of Cangshan in the clouds, flowers ring and the old crane returns. Seeing that the river is getting worse, when will I come to the south? The empty forest grows fragrant, and the lonely cold plum is opposite to the cup. " Some people are enlightened, some have a part-time job, some are worried about the country and the people, and some are nostalgic for the past and express their feelings. Accumulated profound Lu Xian culture. As for Lv Dongbin, researchers of past dynasties believed that he did exist in history. He was a long-lived Taoist priest from the middle Tang Dynasty to the early Northern Song Dynasty. He abandoned Confucianism and followed Taoism. The year of his birth and death, according to the "Rebuilding the Monument of Chunyang Wanshou Palace" in Yongle Palace, Yongle Town, Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province in the first year of Yuan Taiding (1324), records: "Tang Dezong was born on April 14th, the twelfth year of Zhenyuan (796)." "The Virtue of Lv Chunyang" says that "Tang Zhenyuan was born on April 4th, 14 (798)". Cihai holds the latter view. When Du Guangting (850-833) in the Tang Dynasty wrote "A Paradise in a Blessed Land", Lv Dongbin had not yet become a monk (Ci Hai said that he didn't know Han Zhong until he was 64 years old). What's the impact? But after the Song Dynasty, Lu Xian became one of the five true ancestors of northern Taoism. In particular, the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty honored him as "Chunyang's political police to help the emperor", which was equivalent to Confucius, the "king of literature and propaganda" of Confucianism, and Yueyang Tower, the "Fu You Emperor Temple", was also covered with yellow glazed tiles dedicated to the Emperor's Hall. At the same time, Lu Xian, Guanyin and Guan Gong became one of the three most influential gods in Buddhism and Taoism, and people worshipped them most frequently. These changes naturally influenced experts who later wrote books on Taoism. When they arranged Taoist paradise, according to the above situation, Junshan ranked first. In this way, the Taoist book quoted by Gu Zuyu came into being. To sum up, how blessed is Junshan in Taoism? The answer is indeed as Gu Zuyu said, Junshan is the first blessed land of Taoism since the Ming and Qing Dynasties!