Life on earth was created due to meteorite collisions. Extraterrestrial life exists theoretically, but it has not been confirmed. It is often said that the evolution of celestial bodies, the structure of matter and the origin of life are the three basic theoretical issues in natural science. Indeed, where did the wonderful life come from? When the earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago, there would never be any living organisms. So when did the earth start to "live"? This has always been fascinating. Scientific mystery.
The West has long had the theory of God’s creation of the world, while in ancient my country there was the beautiful myth of “Nuwa created man”. Some ancient books also record stories such as "white stone turns into sheep" and "rotten grass turns into fireflies"; there are also records in ancient Indian books that feces can turn into flies and sweat can turn into beetles... There was a philosopher in ancient Greece in the 6th century BC. It is believed that the heat of the sun causes the soil to bubble, and once the bubbles burst, life will appear. Even Aristotle was convinced of this.
So, where does life on earth come from? In 1950, American scientist Calvin used two common inorganic substances-water and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and actually created two organic substances, formaldehyde and formic acid. The first leap from inorganic matter to organic matter was achieved. A few years later, astrophysicist Yuri and his graduate student Miller conducted thousands of famous experiments that shocked the world: they constantly bombarded a mixed gas with water vapor and electric sparks, which was composed of three kinds of inorganic substances. : Ammonia, methane and hydrogen. A few days later, a miracle occurred. More than 20 kinds of organic compounds appeared in this "Miller Soup", some of which were quite complex molecules. In addition to acetic acid, lactic acid, and glycolic acid, there were 11 kinds of amino acids.
The significance of this experiment is: the original mixed gas in the container simulated the atmosphere on the earth in the ancient times, the electric spark was equivalent to lightning, and the solution was the sea... The results of the experiment showed that the original ocean inside the earth was , can give birth to primitive life through natural means.
However, there are also scientists who "look at the universe" from the beginning. At the beginning of the 20th century, Nobel Prize winner and Swedish chemist Arrhenius proposed the "spore theory": life on earth originated from spores in the universe. Although space is an absolute forbidden zone for life: the temperature is close to absolute zero, It is impossible to provide the energy required for life activities; the lack of necessary water will also make it difficult for life to survive; the space close to absolute vacuum can easily destroy their bodies; cosmic rays with huge energy will smash them to pieces. But countless facts show that life is extremely tenacious. They are very good at protecting themselves, and the spores will also form a thick envelope, allowing small life to hibernate among them.
This kind of living spores are driven by the light of stars, floating everywhere in the universe. Although the universe is empty and there is an unimaginable distance between any two celestial bodies, it is astronomically long. However, it takes enough time to overcome this space obstacle. At any time, as long as it falls on a planet with suitable conditions, they will "stand out" and develop vigorously: the "ancestor" of life on earth may be this humble one. little thing!
After the 1960s, many new discoveries in astronomy emerged one after another, especially the emergence of interstellar organic molecules and the discovery of amino acids in many meteorites (as many as 74 species are now known, 11 of which also have biochemical effects) ), and comets contain a large number of organic molecules. These three scientific facts gave vitality to the "extraterrestrial origin theory" that few people paid attention to before, so it made a comeback and gradually prospered.
When the famous Halley's Comet returned in the 1980s, astronomers from all over the world conducted joint measurements on an unprecedented scale, and even launched several spacecrafts for on-site detection. They confirmed that there were many carbon-containing comets in it. The abundance of organic molecules is far beyond what people imagined in the past, and the same is true for other comets. In this way, over the long billions of years, whether they have collided with the earth, or they have swept the earth with their long comet tails, they may have brought vital vitality to the desert earth. Organic matter allows life to embark on a development process like "Miller's Soup".
Some British scientists believe that the global influenza that occurred in the world in the 1970s and 1980s was probably caused by a "meeting gift" sent by a comet; later, some people even considered the most disturbing The feared "AIDS" has also been blamed on comets. It is believed that when the comet passed near the earth, it had some kind of complex chemical interaction with the earth's upper atmosphere, and then sent the virus to the ground through rain...
Modern high technology has enabled people to conduct some simulation experiments in laboratories on earth. Scientists have turned some water-like mixtures composed of simple molecules into already existing substances under conditions close to those in space. Observed interstellar organic molecules. There are also a large number of amino acids in the molecules in meteorites, which all show that the evolution of life is not impossible even in space.
Of course, it is entirely possible that there may not be only one way for the origin of life. I believe that in the coming new century, the truth about this eternal mystery that everyone has been paying attention to will not be too far away.
The first wave of UFO research in the world began with the most famous "Arnold incident" in the history of UFO research.
UFO is the English abbreviation, meaning "unidentified flying object", also known as "flying saucer" or "UFO". It refers to a moving flying object or astronomical scene that can be detected by naked eyes or radar, but humans are currently unable to explained phenomenon. People who are interested in UFOs not only speculate that they come from a civilization that is more advanced than the earth, but also explain this phenomenon with psychological inferences about the problems that modern people may face. Descriptions of UFOs include: moving or hovering quickly; moving silently, erratically or roaring abnormally; shapes such as saucers, cigars, spheres, rings or ovals. According to current statistics, there are more than 100 different shapes.
Records of UFOs have been around the world since ancient times. However, on June 24, 1947, the American press used the first word "flying saucer" to report the incident of Arnold's sighting of a flying saucer. It was only then that the extraterrestrial visitors who were curious about the world were exposed to people's eyes and caused a sensation all over the world.
However, in the exploration of the universe, the exploration of aliens can arouse people's interest the most. Although scientists believe that even if there are aliens, it is impossible for them to fly to the earth due to the huge distance between planets, they do not deny the possibility of intelligent life in outer space.
Recently, two scientists discovered that there are two planets outside the solar system that may have conditions for the existence of life, which has triggered a wave of "extraterrestrial civilization" fever. Some scientists believe that aliens must exist, but it is not easy to find a planet with life like Earth. If there is a planet, it does not necessarily mean that there is life; if there is life, there does not necessarily mean that there will be advanced life. It requires that the position of the planet to the parent star must be just right. According to such conditions, it is only possible to have about 1 million planets in the Milky Way. Among these 1 million, there must also be a series of conditions for the formation of life, including water, oxygen and various chemical elements. And if the aliens on those planets have highly developed civilizations, and their history of sending radio signals to high altitudes is much earlier than that of the earth, it has been 1 million years (our earth is only 100 years old), then after calculation, there are There are only 250 planets that can do this. If they are evenly distributed in the Milky Way, the closest one to us is 4,600 light-years away. In the universe, there are 1 billion extragalactic galaxies like the Milky Way.
In order to contact possible extraterrestrial creatures, humans have so far carried out 50 plans to search for radio wave signals in outer space. Although they have all ended in failure, humans are still looking for another way to find extraterrestrial civilizations. Efforts to use man-made spacecraft to directly detect outer space are still ongoing. In 1966, the then United Nations Secretary-General U Thant asked UFO researcher von Kievitsky to study how to put UFOs on the United Nations agenda. In 1978, the First Committee of the 33rd session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a negotiation draft proposed by the Grenada government, recommending that member states coordinate the scientific research and adjustment of extraterrestrial life, including UFOs. In 1979, the 43rd General Assembly of the United Nations passed a proposal to study UFOs as a global issue. In the outline of the 47th meeting, it was pointed out: "The research on UFOs that involves the entire human race should be a human being's contribution to solving the world's social and economic problems." , politics and other issues.” The first international conference to discuss UFOs was held in Mexico in 1977. In 1983, the second UFO Congress was held in Brazil.
In 1972 and 1973, the United States launched the Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 spacecrafts to explore distant outer space. Pioneer Nos. 10 and 11 each carry a greeting letter "written" on a gold-plated plate. Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 each carried a gold-plated record with a diameter of 30.5cm called "Voice of the Earth" and a playback device. It recorded greetings in 60 languages ??and 113 pictures depicting the earth's customs. Coded pictures of human feelings (one of which has the Great Wall), 35 kinds of earth's natural sounds, and 27 kinds of world famous songs. The "Voice of the Earth" carried by the "Voyager" spacecraft also contains a message to astronauts signed by US President Carter: "This is a gift from a small, distant planet. It is our voice, science, and image." , music, thoughts and feelings. We are trying to survive our time so that you can understand the conditions in which we live. We hope to one day solve the problems we face in order to join this "Earth" family of civilizations. The sound "is to express our hope, our determination and our good wishes for distant worlds in this vast and awe-inspiring universe."
Voyager 1 and 2 fly at about It is 500 million kilometers per year. If all goes well, it will still send data about the universe back to the earth before 2015. After that, they will shut down all their instruments due to exhaustion of power, but they will still fly silently toward the depths of space outside the solar system. The last hope comes from the expectation of the unknown. If Voyager 1 and 2 encounter intelligent aliens, maybe they can understand that there are 9 large planets surrounding a distant star, the third one from the center, and there is a lot of lonely wisdom on it. life, they sincerely hope to find some "cosmic relatives" in the vast space.
Extraterrestrial life does exist. Extraterrestrial life definitely exists! And human beings themselves may also be composed of organic matter left over from the earth when extraterrestrial creatures passed through the earth on a long journey! ~ :) The life on earth comes from the primitive small creatures in the primitive ocean. There are still life on earth and extraterrestrial life should exist. To put it simply: inorganic matter---constant chemical reaction (a huge amount of action produces a small amount of coincidence)---generates amino acids, etc. Organic matter---continuous chemical reaction (a huge amount of action produces a small amount of coincidence)---produces proteins---continuous chemical reaction (a huge amount of action produces a small amount of coincidence)---generates single-cell organisms---continuous evolution (A large amount of evolution screens out a small amount of beneficial evolution) --- Multicellular organisms --- Continuous evolution (A large amount of evolution screens out a small amount of beneficial evolution) --- Primitive marine organisms --- Continuous evolution (A large amount of evolution screens out a small amount of beneficial evolution) Evolution)...
Extraterrestrial life is generally believed to exist, but it has not yet been discovered, and there are no natural conditions for the formation of life in the galaxies observed by humans. It is often said that the evolution of celestial bodies, the structure of matter and the origin of life are the three basic theoretical issues in natural science. Indeed, where did the wonderful life come from? When the earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago, there would never be any living organisms. So when did the earth start to "live"? This has always been fascinating. Scientific mystery.
The West has long had the theory of God’s creation of the world, while in ancient my country there was the beautiful myth of “Nuwa created man”. Some ancient books also record stories such as "white stone turns into sheep" and "rotten grass turns into fireflies"; there are also records in ancient Indian books that feces can turn into flies and sweat can turn into beetles... There was a philosopher in ancient Greece in the 6th century BC. It is believed that the heat of the sun causes the soil to bubble, and once the bubbles burst, life will appear. Even Aristotle is convinced of this.
So, where does life on earth come from? In 1950, American scientist Calvin used two common inorganic substances-water and carbon dioxide as raw materials, and actually created two organic substances, formaldehyde and formic acid. The first leap from inorganic matter to organic matter was achieved. A few years later, astrophysicist Yuri and his graduate student Miller conducted thousands of famous experiments that shocked the world: they constantly bombarded a mixed gas with water vapor and electric sparks, which was composed of three kinds of inorganic substances. : Ammonia, methane and hydrogen. A few days later, a miracle occurred. More than 20 kinds of organic compounds appeared in this "Miller Soup", some of which were quite complex molecules. In addition to acetic acid, lactic acid, and glycolic acid, there were 11 kinds of amino acids.
The significance of this experiment is: the original mixed gas in the container simulated the atmosphere on the earth in the ancient times, the electric spark was equivalent to lightning, and the solution was the sea... The results of the experiment showed that the original ocean inside the earth was , can give birth to primitive life through natural means.
However, there are also scientists who "look at the universe" from the beginning. At the beginning of the 20th century, Nobel Prize winner and Swedish chemist Arrhenius proposed the "spore theory": life on earth originated from spores in the universe. Although space is an absolute forbidden zone for life: the temperature is close to absolute zero, It is impossible to provide the energy required for life activities; the lack of necessary water will also make it difficult for life to survive; the space close to absolute vacuum can easily destroy their bodies; cosmic rays with huge energy will shatter them into pieces. But countless facts show that life is extremely tenacious. They are very good at protecting themselves, and the spores will also form a thick envelope, allowing small life to hibernate among them.
This kind of living spores are driven by the light of stars and float everywhere in the universe. Although the universe is empty and there is an unimaginable distance between any two celestial bodies, it is astronomically long. However, it takes enough time to overcome this space obstacle. At any time, as long as it falls on a planet with suitable conditions, they will "stand out" and develop vigorously: the "ancestor" of life on earth may be this humble one. little thing!
After the 1960s, many new discoveries in astronomy emerged one after another, especially the emergence of interstellar organic molecules and the discovery of amino acids in many meteorites (as many as 74 species are now known, 11 of which also have biochemical effects) ), and comets contain a large number of organic molecules. These three scientific facts gave vitality to the "extraterrestrial origin theory" that few people paid attention to before, so it made a comeback and gradually prospered.
When the famous Halley’s Comet returned in the 1980s, astronomers from all over the world conducted joint measurements on an unprecedented scale, and even launched several spacecrafts for on-site detection. They confirmed that there were many carbon-containing comets in it. The abundance of organic molecules is far beyond what people imagined in the past, and the same is true for other comets. In this way, over the long billions of years, whether they have collided with the earth, or they have swept the earth with their long comet tails, they may have brought vital vitality to the desert earth. Organic matter allows life to embark on a development process like "Miller's Soup".
Some British scientists believe that the global influenza that occurred in the world in the 1970s and 1980s was probably caused by a "meeting gift" sent by a comet; later, some people even considered the most disturbing The feared "AIDS" has also been blamed on comets. It is believed that when the comet passed near the earth, it had some kind of complex chemical interaction with the earth's upper atmosphere, and then sent the virus to the ground through rain...
Modern high technology has enabled people to conduct some simulation experiments in laboratories on earth. Scientists have turned some water-like mixtures composed of simple molecules into already existing substances under conditions close to those of space. Observed interstellar organic molecules. There are also a large number of amino acids in the molecules in meteorites, which all show that the evolution of life is not impossible even in space.
Of course, it is entirely possible that there may not be only one way for the origin of life. I believe that in the coming new century, the truth about this eternal mystery that everyone has been paying attention to will not be too far away.
The first wave of UFO research in the world began with the most famous "Arnold incident" in the history of UFO research. UFO is the English abbreviation, meaning "unidentified flying object", also known as "flying saucer" or "UFO". It refers to a moving flying object or astronomical scene that can be detected by naked eyes or radar, but humans are currently unable to explained phenomenon. People who are interested in UFOs not only speculate that they come from a civilization that is more advanced than the earth, but also explain this phenomenon with psychological inferences about the problems that modern people may face. Descriptions of UFOs include: moving or hovering quickly; moving silently, erratically or roaring abnormally; shapes such as saucers, cigars, spheres, rings or ovals. According to current statistics, there are more than 100 different shapes.
Records of UFOs have been around the world since ancient times. However, on June 24, 1947, the American press used the first word "flying saucer" to report the incident of Arnold's sighting of a flying saucer. It was only then that the extraterrestrial visitors who were curious about the world were exposed to people's eyes and caused a sensation all over the world.
However, in the exploration of the universe, the exploration of aliens can arouse people's interest the most. Although scientists believe that even if there are aliens, it is impossible for them to fly to the earth due to the huge distance between planets, they do not deny the possibility of intelligent life in outer space.
Recently, two scientists discovered that there are two planets outside the solar system that may have conditions for the existence of life, which has triggered a wave of "extraterrestrial civilization" fever. Some scientists believe that aliens must exist, but it is not easy to find a planet with life like Earth. The presence of planets does not necessarily mean that there is life; the presence of life does not necessarily mean that there is advanced life. It requires that the position of the planet to the parent star must be just right. According to such conditions, it is only possible to have about 1 million planets in the Milky Way. Among these 1 million, there must also be a series of conditions for the formation of life, including water, oxygen and various chemical elements. And if the aliens on those planets have highly developed civilizations, and their history of sending radio signals to high altitudes is much earlier than that of the earth, it has been 1 million years (our earth is only 100 years old), then after calculation, there are There are only 250 planets that can do this. If they are evenly distributed in the Milky Way, the closest one to us is 4,600 light-years away. In the universe, there are 1 billion extragalactic galaxies like the Milky Way.
In order to contact possible extraterrestrial creatures, humans have so far carried out 50 plans to search for radio wave signals in outer space. Although they have all ended in failure, humans are still looking for another way to find extraterrestrial civilizations. Efforts to use man-made spacecraft to directly detect outer space are still ongoing. In 1966, the then United Nations Secretary-General U Thant asked UFO researcher von Kievitsky to study how to put UFOs on the United Nations agenda. In 1978, the First Committee of the 33rd session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a negotiation draft proposed by the Grenada government, recommending that member states coordinate the scientific research and adjustment of extraterrestrial life, including UFOs. In 1979, the 43rd session of the United Nations General Assembly passed a proposal to study UFOs as a global issue. In the outline of the 47th session, it was pointed out: "The study of UFOs that involves the entire human race should be a way for humans to solve the social and economic problems of the world. , politics and other issues.” The first international conference to discuss UFOs was held in Mexico in 1977. In 1983, the second UFO Congress was held in Brazil.
In 1972 and 1973, the United States launched the Pioneer 10 and 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 spacecrafts to explore distant outer space. Pioneer numbers 10 and 11 each carry a greeting letter "written" on a gold-plated plate. Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 each carried a gold-plated record with a diameter of 30.5cm called "Voice of the Earth" and a playback device. It recorded greetings in 60 languages ??and 113 pictures depicting the earth's customs. Coded pictures of human feelings (one of which has the Great Wall), 35 kinds of natural sounds of the earth, and 27 kinds of world famous songs. The "Voice of the Earth" carried by the "Voyager" spacecraft also contains a message to astronauts signed by US President Carter: "This is a gift from a small, distant planet. It is our voice, science, and image." , the epitome of music, thoughts and feelings.
We are trying to survive our time so that you can understand the conditions in which we lived. We hope to one day solve the problems we face in order to join the galaxy's family of civilizations. This "Voice of the Earth" is to place our hopes, our resolve and our best wishes for distant worlds in this vast and awe-inspiring universe. ”
The flight speed of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 is about 500 million kilometers per year. If all goes well, they will still send data about the universe back to the earth before 2015. After that, they will All instruments were shut down due to power outage, but the last hope came from the expectation of the unknown if Voyager 1 and 2 encountered intelligent aliens. , maybe they can understand: there are 9 large planets surrounding a distant star, and the third one from the center has many lonely intelligent beings on it. They sincerely hope to find some "cosmic relatives" in the vast space ".
1.
Some people believe that after an alien celestial body hit the earth, the organic molecules on the celestial body were born on the earth.
2
Under the action of ultraviolet rays from the sun and thunderstorms, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon and other elements on the earth formed organisms, which may be proteins or amino acids; and coincidentally, the earth is just at the distance from the sun. The appropriate distance, so there was life. Then life evolved further under the constraints of the environment. Then after N billion years of evolution, I think the second view should be compared. Believe it! !
Haha! Since there is life on the earth, then extraterrestrial creatures must be no exception! I believe that the question of where life comes from will always be a mystery! No one can solve this mystery!!! They are all born from mothers! If there are mothers on alien planets, there should be life! "How did life on earth come about" is a complicated question, and various academic circles They all have their own theories. There are also various religious believers who believe that they are God or created by God...etc.; regarding the question of whether there are creatures outside the earth, it can be said with certainty - yes, absolutely. . Some extraterrestrial creatures are more scientifically advanced than ours, and UFOs may be extraterrestrial creatures on planets that are more scientifically advanced than ours; there are also extraterrestrial creatures whose science is more backward than ours. We can’t discover them, and they can’t discover us. . The living things on the earth evolved through hundreds of millions of years of evolution, development, elimination, and further development in a pot of "hot" chemical "soup" filled with various substances.
We firmly believe that alien creatures must exist, but their external forms must be diverse... We will not be the only ones in the universe, we have never been alone, and we will never be alone! Life on earth is derived from the division of organic cells.
I have always believed in the existence of extraterrestrial beings, just like the "Uncle Martin from Mars" I watched when I was a child. They live silently on a certain planet in the universe and are discussing their own love issues passionately. The topic of whether there are living things in outer space.
I am tired after reading that long article. I don’t know where I copied it. The views are from decades ago. Whether it is produced on the earth or from outside the earth, we cannot avoid the question: How did the first life form?
Someone said that Miller’s classic experiment had a lot of loopholes. I can tell you responsibly that Miller's experiment is not enough to explain the problem. From our chemical point of view, the compound obtained in that experiment did contain amino acids, but it was a racemic mixture and had no optical activity. The amino acids in living organisms are all optically active, and racemic mixtures cannot form life.
A living body is highly ordered, can exchange matter and energy with the outside world (metabolism), and can replicate (reproduce). If it meets these conditions, it is considered a living body. Chemical reactions in the early Earth produced organic macromolecules, which were not yet life. For organic macromolecules to be able to replicate themselves, they need templates and chemical catalysts. Early templates may be certain minerals, with organic molecules attached to them through chemical bonds or van der Waals forces. Since these mineral crystals are highly ordered, the same molecules are attached and form macromolecules through autocatalysis of organic molecules.
It is now known that proteins and some RNAs have catalytic functions, and RNA is genetic material. Therefore, early RNA molecules relied on autocatalysis to replicate. But this is not yet a living thing.
Macromolecules that can self-replicate are combined with other macromolecules through chemical bonds or van der Waals forces to form agglomerates. Due to surface charges, they are separated from the external environment to form a molecular film. Due to the existence of chemical potential, small molecules from the outside can enter the system, thereby exchanging substances with the outside world. The energy to maintain these systems is also provided by external molecules. Energy is obtained by decomposing the molecules entering from the outside world. The catalyst for the decomposition reaction is the organic macromolecules present in the system.
At this point, real life is born. The chemical evolution stage of life ends. From now on it will be biological evolution.
Living bodies are highly ordered, but in a spontaneous state, things always move toward a disordered state. Therefore, external energy is necessary to maintain life, and matter, as a carrier of energy, also It's essential.
In short, the formation of living organisms is actually the result of chemical reactions.
Hundreds of millions of years ago, there were only microorganisms in the world. They were the earliest organisms in the world. Finally, they gradually changed with climate changes. Extraterrestrial organisms should exist. Earth organisms evolved from inorganic to organic. I think it's funny how low-level to high-level evolution comes. We all know that humans still can't solve this problem. But many people don't know how to pretend to understand. Of course, maybe they are not human!