Taoist thought of one pool and three mountains

The "one pool and three mountains" in China's classical gardens has a profound cultural origin, which is closely related to Taoism in China. Taoism is one of the religions born and bred in China, and together with Confucianism and Buddhism, it has become an important part of traditional culture in China. Taoism respects Laozi as the leader, and Laozi regards "Tao" as the highest category, believing that "Tao" is the origin of the universe, the generation of all things, and the foundation of all things. He pointed out that "Tao gives birth to one, two, three and everything", and at the same time advocated that "the land is transported by nature, saints use nature, and natural people are Tao". Later, Zhuangzi inherited and developed Laozi's thought of "Taoism and Nature", taking nature as his teaching and emphasizing inaction. He believes that nature itself is the most beautiful, that is, "there is great beauty in heaven and earth without saying anything." In Laozi and Zhuangzi's view, the beauty of nature lies not in its formation, but in its full and complete embodiment of the way of "doing nothing without doing anything". Nature itself did not consciously pursue anything, but created everything invisibly. Taoism also advocates immortal thought. According to legend, in the east of the East China Sea, there are three sacred mountains, Penglai, Abbot and Yingzhou, where immortals live. Immortals have the medicine of immortality, which can make people live forever and live with nature. Taoist view of nature has influenced the creation of classical gardens in China, that is, advocating nature, imitating nature and pursuing natural fairyland. As a result, gardens with natural fairyland as the theme of gardening art came into being. For example, Shanglinyuan was the earliest in Qin and Han Dynasties. There is a big palace in Shanglinyuan-Zhangjian Palace, with Taiye Pool in the north and Penglai, Abbot and Haoe Mountains in it, with drawings attached. This layout of "one pool and three mountains" has had a far-reaching impact on later gardens and promoted the development of garden art.