The glazed patterns of Jianzhan are varied and varied. However, what is the pattern of partridge spot floor lamp? This problem has lasted for more than 1000 years since Gu Tao recorded it in the early Song Dynasty. There are various opinions about it, but there is no convincing basis. Many modern researchers are divorced from the most basic link of production practice, and make subjective inferences based on some ancient books and architectural appearances, which is difficult to justify. The author has been engaged in the technical research of building lamps for more than ten years, and would like to talk about his own views on this issue. Ask me what is wrong.
Some views on the current architectural lamps with partridge spots;
In order to facilitate the following discussion, this paper first introduces the characteristics of three representative architectural lamps and partridges in Song Dynasty. The first piece is the national treasure cultural relic of Toyo Ceramic Art Museum in Osaka, Japan-oil drop tea bowl (hereinafter referred to as "national oil drop").
The second piece is an important cultural treasure of Jingjiatang Library in Japan-an open oil dripping tea bowl (this article is referred to as "Chongwen oil dripping").
The third piece is a fragment of black glazed white spot found in China a few years ago (this kind of building lamp is referred to as black glazed white spot lamp for short in this paper).
Regarding the characteristics of partridge spot, Mr. Fan made a very detailed introduction in the article "Study on partridge spot". At present, there is a consensus in academic circles that the characteristics of partridge spot lights recorded in ancient books in Song Dynasty should be similar to those of partridge birds in Jian Yao, but similar to those of partridge birds in Jian Yao. It should be based on the most prominent feature of bird breast feathers, black background and white spots.
Accordingly, the glaze pattern of the partridge spotlight should be point-like rather than stripe-like. However, there are two kinds of markings: oil drops and black glaze white spots, which make the academic circles argue endlessly. To sum up, there are three main points:
(1) The partridge spot lamp is just a kind of black glazed white lamp, but the oil drops are not partridge spots. The reason is that not only the glazed pattern of the black glazed white lamp is similar to the characteristics of birds, especially the word "for imperial" is engraved on the bottom of the fragment, but also this kind of object is rarely found, which shows that it is a rare architectural lamp-"partridge spot".
(2) In addition to black glaze white spots, "Chongwen oil drop" is also a partridge spot, while "Guobao oil drop" can only belong to oil drops but not partridge spots. The reason is that "national treasure oil drop" is not a partridge spot, because its size and density are very different from those of bird feathers, especially there is specular reflection on the surface of the spot, but there is no specular reflection on the partridge feather.
(3) Partridge-spotted lanterns are what Japan calls oil-drop lanterns. Black-glazed white lanterns are just varieties that people deliberately decorate, not treasures in lanterns. The author agrees with this view.
In fact, scholars who hold the above three viewpoints all agree with the following two points during the discussion. First, the glaze pattern of the partridge spotlight is dotted rather than striped; Secondly, partridge spot is the treasure of building kiln. This can also be known from the ancient records of the Song Dynasty and the poems of several famous poets. But the reason why the above viewpoints are different lies in the concrete understanding of these two bases.
The author thinks that the names given to Jianzhan in Song Dynasty are all for Jianzhan with typical characteristics, and other Jianzhan can only be classified according to categories. Otherwise, there will be many names. There is even a problem that some stripes "four unlike" cannot be named. Especially in the same category, if there are too many names, it is easy to be confused and it is difficult to communicate with the society.
For example, the name "rabbit's millilamp" is essentially aimed at a typical building with smooth glazed stripes. Because the stripes of this building are similar to rabbit hair, it is called "rabbit's millilamp". There are countless products of Jianzhan. Glazed stripes and colorful Jianzhan belong to the same category as typical rabbit hair lamps, because they all have the same characteristics as stripes.
Similarly, "Chongwen oil drop" is a typical partridge spot lamp, while "Bao Guo oil drop" has stripes, which is significantly different from the striped rabbit lamp, so it should also belong to the partridge spot category. It should be noted here that atypical is not equal to non-treasure, because whether it is typical refers to the comparison with the characteristics of birds, and whether the sword is excellent or not should be evaluated as a whole. This involves many technical difficulties and aesthetic problems, such as size, density, flash, clarity, color and so on, and can be sintered in oxidizing or reducing atmosphere.
This article is excerpted from the article "Making Lights on Partridges", originally published in Journal of Ceramics, June 1998, by Li Da.