Who is Shixian? Who is the poet saint? Who's Shi Gui?

Li Bai (70 1-762), a poet, was named Qinglian lay. Li Bai is a famous poet in Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in China. He is another great romantic poet in the history of China literature after Qu Yuan, and is known as "Poet Fairy". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Du Li". Li Bai (70 1-762), whose real name is Taibai, was named a violet layman. His ancestral home was in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now southwest of Jingning, Gansu), and his ancestors broke leaves at the end of Sui Dynasty (now near tokmak, northern Kyrgyzstan). When I was a child, I moved to Qinglian Township, Changlong County, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan) with my father. At the age of twenty-five, he left his relatives to travel far away and went out of Shu with his sword. At the beginning of Tianbao's offering to Hanlin, he was slandered by powerful people and left Chang 'an in just over a year. He was Wang Yong's chief of staff during the Anshi Rebellion. Because he was defeated in Xunyang prison, he was exiled to Yelang, but he was pardoned halfway. In his later years, he went to his uncle Dangtu to make Li, then died in Dangtu and was buried in Longshan. In the 12th year of Tang Yuanhe (8 17), the observation of Xuanzang Pool made Fan move the tomb to Qingshan according to Li Bai's wishes. There are thirty volumes of Li Taibai's collected works. Now there are more than 990 poems and songs by Li Bai. There are a lot of political lyric poems, which fully show the poet's extraordinary ambition, unrestrained passion and chivalrous spirit, and also represent the typical tone of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai has a strong sense of self and compares himself with Dapeng many times. "One day, Dapeng rises with the wind and goes straight to Wan Li" and "Li Yong". However, Li Bai's frustration in Chang 'an for three years turned his full political enthusiasm into a wild song of grief and indignation when he was hit by reality again, and it gushed out from his chest: "The road is like a blue sky, and there is no way out in front of me. I am ashamed to follow those who have no courage, fighting chickens and dogs to bet on pears, and I want to return home with no fish to eat. Zhou Busi succumbed to the gentry. Li Bai also used a hearty drinking poem to dispel the sadness of his talent. "Into the wine": "Oh, let a man with spirit take risks where he likes, and never point his golden cup at the moon! Since God has given talents, let them be used! , spin one thousand silver, all back! Cook a sheep, kill a cow, sharpen your appetite, and let me, 300 bowls, take a long drink! " It is in line with this unrestrained emotional momentum. The remarkable characteristics of Li Bai's poems in artistic techniques are: magical imagination, endless changes, vertical and horizontal structure and patchwork sentence patterns, which form a magnificent and elegant style. Tianmu Mountain, which ascended to heaven in my dream, goes straight to the sky, with its peak reaching into the sky, topped by five holy peaks, and its shadow passes through China. The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast. My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue, and they cross Jinghu Lake on a moonlit night. The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe. Xie 'an is still there, with a loud voice and rippling blue waves. Xie, climbed Yun Lan's ladder. Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space. Countless peaks and more valleys, there is no road, flowers tempt me, and rocks relax me. The day suddenly ended. Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains. Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog. The god of thunder and lightning shattered the whole mountain range, and the stone gate was divided and vented in the sinkhole. An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate a golden and silver terrace. Dressed in colorful clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came down one by one, with tigers playing pipa and phoenixes dancing. Row after row, like a hemp field, lined with fairy figures. When the big dream first woke up, the dreamland disappeared, which led to the understanding of the world of life: "People's happiness is always like this, and thousands of waters flow eastward in Qian Shan", "Alas, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials who will never be shown with honesty?". This feature of Li Bai's Dream Falling from the Sky has greatly developed Zhuangzi's fable, Qu Yuan's first romantic spirit and expression techniques, and also incorporated the Taoist immortal image, which has amazing artistic charm and won the praise of a generation of "poetic immortals". Li Bai's poems and songs have diverse themes. His seven-character ancient poems (Shu Dao Nan, Tian Mu Shan Meng Deng, Jiang, Yin, etc. ); Five-character ancient poems (59 ancient styles); There are some poems in Yuefu folk songs in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, such as Long March and Midnight Wu Ge. And seven-character quatrains (looking at Lushan Waterfall, looking at Tianmen Mountain, making Baidi City as early as possible, etc. ) became masterpieces in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai was already famous in the Tang Dynasty. His poem "There is no set volume, but every family has it". He is the first poet in China's poetry. Du Fu (7 12-770), a poet with beautiful words, was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and was called "Poet Saint". Originally from Xiangyang, Hubei Province, Gong County, Henan Province. Du Zhisun, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Tang Suzong, Official Left Addendum. After he entered Shu, he was recommended by his friends as a staff officer of Ren Jiannan Drug Rehabilitation Center, and Yuan Wailang was appointed as the school's engineering department. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Du Fu is as famous as Li Bai and is known as "Du Li" in the world. The core of his thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. He has a great ambition of "making the monarch Yao and Shun superior first, and then making the customs pure". He loves life, people and the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. He hated evil, criticized and exposed the corruption of the imperial court and the dark phenomenon in social life. He sympathized with the people and even fantasized that he was willing to make self-sacrifice to save their suffering. Throughout his life, Du Fu's thoughts were "worrying about Li Yuan in poor years" and "being the best monarch and being Yao Shun", so his poetry creation always runs through the main line of worrying about the country and the people, which shows Du Fu's greatness. His poems are rich in social content, rich in the color of the times and distinctive in political inclination, which truly and profoundly reflect the political current affairs and broad social life prospect of a historical era before and after the An Shi Rebellion, and are called the "history of poetry" of a generation. The style of Du Fu's poems is basically "gloomy and frustrated", and the language and text structure are full of changes, emphasizing the refinement of words and sentences. At the same time, his poems have many styles. Besides the five ancient poems, the seven ancient poems, the five laws and the seven laws, he also wrote many lines. There are also various artistic techniques, which are the epitome of the ideological art of Tang poetry. Du Fu also inherited the spirit of Yuefu in Han and Wei Dynasties, got rid of the old themes of Yuefu and created many new themes of Yuefu, such as "three officials" and "three parting". After his death, he was highly praised by Huang Fan, Han Yu, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. Du Fu's poems had a far-reaching influence on Bai Yuan's literary thought of "New Yuefu Movement" and Li Shangyin's near-body allegorical current affairs poems. However, Du Fu's poems were widely valued after the Song Dynasty. Yu Wang, Wang Anshi, Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Lu You and others highly praised Du Fu, while Wen Tianxiang regarded Du Fu's poems as a spiritual force to adhere to national integrity. The influence of Du Fu's poems, from ancient times to the present, has long gone beyond the scope of literature and art. For details of his life, see Old Tang Book 190. This is Du Gongbu. 1962, Du Fu was born 1250, and Du Fu was listed as one of the world cultural celebrities by the World Peace Council. Shi Fo Wang Wei (70 1 ~ 76 1) was a poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty. The word stroke. His ancestral home was Taiyuan Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province), and his father moved to Yongji, Shanxi Province, so he became Puren. He eventually became a senior official and was called "Wang Youcheng" by the world. Wang Wei was very literary when he was a teenager. In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was the first scholar, and he was very happy. I joined the army in Jeju for some reason. After returning to Chang 'an. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling's political proposition of rewarding Chinese books for personal gain reflected his desire to make a difference at that time. Twenty-four years (736), Zhang Jiuling went on strike. The following year, Jingzhou was relegated to a long history. Li's appointment as the secretariat was a turning point in Xuanzong period, and politics changed from relatively clear to increasingly dark. Wang Wei was depressed about Zhang Jiuling's demotion, but he didn't quit the officialdom. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, he was ordered to visit Cui, our envoy from Hexi. Later, he learned from the temple history that Wang Wei's official position was gradually promoted. Before the Anshi Rebellion, on the one hand, officials were tired and worried about the officialdom at that time, on the other hand, they were attached to the stack and could not leave decisively. So when in Rome, do as the Romans do, and live a semi-official and semi-secluded life for a long time. He used to believe in Buddhism. At this time, with the increasing negative thoughts, his Buddhist beliefs are also developing day by day. When he was young, he used to live in a mountain forest. After middle age, he once lived in Zhong Nanshan. Later, he found jobs in Wangchuan, Lantian and Song. So he travels among them with his good friend Pei Di and likes to write poems. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), the Anshi rebels captured Chang 'an, Xuanzong entered Shu, and Wang Wei was captured by the rebels. Pretending to be ill after taking medicine, he was sent to Luoyang as a fake official. After the recovery of the two capitals, those who suffered from false jobs were convicted at different levels. He was praised by Su Zong for a poem "Ningbichi" that missed the Tang Dynasty, and his brother Wang Jin had a high official position, so he was only demoted to Prince Zhongyun, and later he moved something and finally became a senior official. There are less than 400 poems by Wang Wei. Among them, the most representative of his creative characteristics is the description of natural scenery such as mountains and rivers, idylls and secluded poems. Wang Wei's high achievements in describing natural scenery made him unique in the poetry circle in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and became the representative of the pastoral poetry school. He inherited and developed the tradition of writing landscape poems initiated by Xie Lingyun, and absorbed the freshness and naturalness of Tao Yuanming's landscape pastoral poems, which made the achievements of landscape pastoral poems reach a peak, thus occupying an important position in the history of China's poetry. Wang Jin collected more than 400 poems of Wang Wei in Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty. In addition, Wang Jin's "Entering Wang Youcheng Collection Table" was compiled as 10 volume. Shu Gu Tang originally contained the Collected Works of Wang Youcheng by Masha in the Southern Song Dynasty 10, and then it was returned to Lu Xinyuan □ Song Lou. Beijing Library has 10 volume of Wang Mosong Shu Engraving Collection, which was photocopied and published by Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House on 1982. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were six volumes of The Collection of Wang Youcheng, which were reviewed by Liu, and four copies were copied by You Qian, Lv Xiang and Cui Xingzong. In the Ming Dynasty, there were 10 volumes of Wang Youcheng's poems in the Tang Dynasty, among which 4 volumes of Selected Poems were the earliest extant annotations of Wang Wei's poems. Zhao Diancheng's Notes on Wang Youcheng in Qing Dynasty is a good one so far. In addition to explaining all the poems, there are also notes to explain the author's suspicious poems, and occasionally textual research; Wang Wei's life information and poetry and painting comments were also collected as appendices. 196 1 year, Zhao Zhu was revised by Shanghai Editorial Institute of Zhonghua Book Company and printed and published. In addition, Zheng Zhenduo collated the four series with Zhao Diancheng's notes and other four versions, and included them in the World Library. For the deeds, see Biography of Old and New Books of Tang Dynasty. Both Gu's annotation and Zhao Diancheng's annotation are accompanied by Wang Wei's chronicle written by the annotator. There is a paper on Wang Wei's life story in Chen Yi today, and a chronology of Wang Wei is attached (on Tang poetry). He (790 ~ 8 16) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty in China. The word is long and auspicious. Originally from Longxi, he was born in Changgu, Fuchang (now Yiyang, Henan), and later called Lichanggu. The imperial clan of the Tang Dynasty is descended from Li Liang, the king of Zheng, but his family has declined. Outstanding talent as a teenager, a minor celebrity in Beijing. The father's name is Jin Su, and he is not allowed to be promoted to the first place because he avoids his father's taboo. He was depressed and sickly all his life, and only served as Li Lang for three years. He was only 27 when he died. Li He took poetry as his career all his life, and his poems can be divided into four categories. (1) satirizes dark politics and bad social phenomena. Some of these poems express current affairs directly, while others satirize the present with ancient words. Representative works include Wild Goose Gate Taishouxing and Old Lady Picking Jade Songs. Among these poems, there are few five ancient poems and seven ancient poems, and most of them are Yuefu poems. Or borrow old questions, or innovative questions, mostly concise and gorgeous. Some words have vague meanings, such as The Golden Boy Ren Xian Ci Han Ge. Two people are angry and lyrical. This kind of poems not only have personal frustration, depression with illness, fleeting time and short life, but also have the grievance of "no one will ever know" and the lofty aspirations of "there is no hero in the world" and "gathering 50 States in Guanshan". (3) the theme of immortals and ghosts. The twists and turns of this kind of poetry show his disgust and denial of reality. Later generations called him a genius. (4) other themes such as chanting things. This kind of poems generally shows the breadth of Li He's poems and the depth of his thoughts. Li Heshi's imagination is rich and peculiar, profound and fantastic, with refined sentences, magnificent colors and romantic atmosphere. But there are a few poems that are easier to understand. He is good at short stories, such as Ballad in the Sky, Dream in the Sky, Song of Di Zi and Princess Xiang. These are his representative works, and they are called "long matrix". He wrote many ancient poems and Yuefu, but few, and there were no seven laws. His poems draw lessons from the style of Qi Liang Gong Ti poems, and are also contaminated with some unhealthy things. Because of too much emphasis on carving, some poems are often obscure in meaning and piled up in words. Li He once edited his anthology. There is an annotated collection of Li He's poems. I have read Li Shangyin's Biographies of Li He, Biographies of Old and New Tang Books, Xuanshizhi, You Xian Xuan He and Yan Yan in my life.