Analysis:
The origin of Confucianism
The word "Confucianism" can't be found in China's earliest Oracle Bone Inscriptions and inscriptions. But Mr. Xu Zhongshu, a close friend, thinks that the "need" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is "Confucianism". The word Confucianism first appeared in The Analects of Confucius, which recorded Confucius' words and deeds. The Analects of Confucius is eternal: "Confucius said,' You are a gentleman's Confucianism, and you are an unknown Confucianism'." Foolish thought that "Confucianism" was originally a profession, and it was an accusation against those who treated each other with courtesy and taught people. "The Analects of Confucius Zi Han": "Confucius said:' When you leave, you are a minister; when you enter, you are a father and a brother. If you dare not say goodbye to the funeral, why is it for me? "Politics": "Ask filial piety in summer. Confucius said:' color is difficult. If something happens, the disciple will handle it; There is wine and food, sir: Is it filial piety? "Mr Guan Ye Shuxian thinks that" Confucianism "comes from an official castrated middleman. Mr. Chen Lai, a close friend, believes that "Confucianism" comes from the secular regime and the elite tradition of education. Mr. Hu Shizhi regarded Confucianism as a adherent of Shang Dynasty, equivalent to a Jewish missionary. Mr. Zhang Taiyan thinks that "Confucianism" is a professional person who asks for rain, teaches, gives gifts and sacrifices.
The origin of Confucian names
Confucius and his disciples did not name their school "Confucianism". The name of Confucianism began in the Han Dynasty, but it can be traced back to Mozi. It is an independent portal after Confucius and founded Mohism. Mozi is not like Xia: "Confucianism says,' Kissing is skillful, respecting the virtuous and so on.' The difference in respect is also different ... "Later Taoist Zhuangzi, like Mozi, also held a position of criticizing Confucianism. Zhuangzi also called Confucius and his disciples "Confucians". He said, "Confucianism is rich with poetry and books" (Zhuangzi Everything); And he said, "Confucian false words" ("Zhuangzi"). In the Confucian school, Mencius accepted the name of "Confucianism". " Mencius said,' If you escape from ink, you will return to Yang, and if you escape from Yang, you will return to Confucianism.' "("Mencius "). If Mencius started from the standpoint of defending the morality of the school, then Xunzi in the Warring States period openly called himself a "Confucian" and wrote a chapter on the role of Confucianism, demonstrating the role of Confucianism. He said: "Confucianism is beautiful in this dynasty and vulgar in the next place." He also divided Confucianism into "great Confucianism", "elegant Confucianism", "vulgar Confucianism", "humble Confucianism" and "stealing Confucianism" and so on. Han Feizi's outstanding learning: "The outstanding learning in the world is Confucianism and Mohism."
Confucianism has no exact explanation in Shuowen. But the word "Confucianism" is definitely not the original meaning and original meaning of Confucianism. Just like the pragmatic meaning of many names in pre-Qin and Western Han classics, this is a loanword. Therefore, to understand the origin of the name of Confucianism, we must explore its original word and original meaning. From the etymological point of view, Confucian writing is in line with people's needs. If you need to read the voices of the ancients. As for the etymology of the word "Xu", Shuowen thinks that it is moist, that is, it means wetting, and its shape changes from rain to result. However, if we look at the word "Xu" in bronze inscriptions, its shape ranges from large to short, but it is actually a variant and cognate word of "Xu". If we find the cognate word "need", it is easy to explain the origin of "need" and Confucian names.
Guo Moruo once pointed out that the original meaning of the word "Xu" in bronze inscriptions is wizard, that is, the original word of wizard. Need, need, demand and the original meaning of the word "brother" are the same. This is a profound theory. Need, beard, brother are actually homonyms. In ancient customs, long beard fluttering is a special image, showing a special identity, that is, elders. Guoyu Chu Yu recorded an important dialogue between King Zhao of Chu and Guan Ju's father on religious issues during about 5 15-489 years. The father who watched the shooting replied to the king of Chu and said, (1) "The ancients, people and gods were not mixed. The essence of the people is cool, but they can be sincere and upright. Their wisdom is superior to righteousness, their holy power is far and wide, their light can illuminate it, and their wisdom can listen to it thoroughly (holy). If so, then God will come, and in humans, they will become witches. (2) It is to make the system of God in a secondary position and serve it as a sacrifice. Then, after the sage, there must be light and intensity, and you can know the name of mountains and rivers, the Lord of Gaozu, the affairs of ancestral temple, the world of Zhao Mu, the diligence of Qi Jing, the respect of courtesy and righteousness, the worship of appearance, the quality of loyalty, the battle of fear, and those who worship God think it is a blessing. (3) After giving names and surnames, we can know the names of four seasons' birth, sacrifice, jade and silk, the instrument of taking clothes, the placement of easy utensils, the secondary degree, the position of screen shooting, the altar position, the gods of superiors and subordinates, and the surnames, while those with old heart rate will follow. " In this article, the father concerned explained in detail the origin and function of "witches/witches" as priests and sacrificial officials of ancient Shinto in China. It needs to be explained in such detail from the beginning, so it can be seen that Shinto and its sacrificial ceremony have faded and little known by the Warring States Period. This "beard" is the high priest of religion (witches were also called beards in ancient times, such as female beards in Chu Ci). In fact, it is these "Xu" (big Xu,,, etc. ) In Zhou Li, and what Ban Gu, as the priest of the social palace, called "need/Confucianism", this is the origin of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period. In my opinion, the so-called "wizard" comes from the "Xihe" official who presided over the sacrifice to the sun god of the four seasons in Historical Records Yao Dian. The word "He" is also recorded as "Russia" and "Russia" in ancient books. Its original meaning is singing and dancing (chanting), and Wu is also a dancer. The Japanese call themselves "Yamato", but in fact they claim to be descendants of He. In ancient Japan, it was called Fusang, a sun tree in China mythology. Fu Su, Fu Xu and Fu Xuan. They are all quotations from Fusang, which is also the name of big storms and volcanoes. In fact, Fusang is Mount Fuji in Japan today. Ancient Japanese culture is a subculture originated from China culture. )