Folk customs and their origins in the Spring Festival in Kanto.
The Spring Festival is a gathering festival. It doesn't just come to the world on New Year's Eve, accompanied by "one night for two years, two years for five years". When Qiu Lai is one year old and looks good, it will be announced to the whole world that it is one year old. As time entered the twelfth lunar month, the legacy of the ancient custom "La Worship" appeared quietly in towns and villages in Guangdong. With red lights and white snow everywhere, cities and rural areas began to fall into a busy year atmosphere. Washing rice, steaming dumplings, making tofu and killing pigs are generally carried out in the twelfth lunar month; On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the flavor of the year began to appear. Although this day commemorates the "assorted porridge" made by Buddha Sakyamuni with dried fruits and miscellaneous grains, it is also the "Enlightenment Day", but it is also "making foreign things serve China". The combination of Chinese and western cultures is the prelude to many festivals in the Spring Festival. ?
People cook "Laba porridge" with rhubarb, glutinous rice, red kidney beans and Chinese dates, or get together to eat it, or feed it to neighbors, freeze their chins, laba9 and laba80, and freeze the villain to death (referring to children). "It's freezing in the cold, and it's the moment of' 3949, beating and cursing'. People sometimes freeze to their chins. Just like skating, roller skating, skating and roller skates, it is just a form of ice and snow culture.
However, eating porridge in Laba has incomparable folk significance. It can not only protect health, but also keep out the cold. Around Laba porridge, there are stories to persuade people to be thrifty, such as "whose chimney smokes first, whose sorghum is first red", and there are also thrifty legends, such as "saving a handful a year and buying horses in three years". It is these anecdotes that make people cook a bowl of Laba porridge, which makes people taste it year after year and enjoy the harvest fruit of that year, which is fragrant and sweet.
In the taste, I wish you a bumper harvest in the coming year. ?
"Don't be greedy, children. After Laba, it is the New Year. " On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the Spring Festival officially kicked off, which is also commonly known as the Chinese New Year. The main folk custom is to send the kitchen god to heaven, which is the beginning of the Spring Festival. Although this kitchen god named Zhang has an indecent name in the folk word of mouth, because he was hand-picked by the Jade Emperor, good people dare not offend him, because he has a special position of supervising good and evil on earth. People often make solemn sacrifices to the stove at night, that is, dig out sperm with sorghum stalks, tie up two kitchen horses taken away by the kitchen god when he ascended to heaven, and bring chickens, dogs and sheep. The kitchen horse is equipped with "forage" and presented with maltose. ?
Maltose, also known as Kwantung Sugar and Chef King Sugar, is a sugar product made of malt and millet, which has the shortest sales period and is only listed around the New Year. Generally, it is three inches long, one inch wide and flat as silk. When you put it in your mouth, it is crisp, fragrant and sticky, and has a special taste. It is a kind of sugar that men, women and children like very much. Sacrificing the stove with this candy is intended to stick the mouth of the kitchen god with the viscosity of the candy, so that it can "speak well in heaven and keep peace in the next world." There are records about the custom of offering sacrifices to stoves all over the country. Most people who offered sacrifices to the stove knelt in front of the stove and said, "The kitchen god, whose real name is Zhang, rode a horse and carried a gun, and went to heaven to see the Jade Emperor. There are many good things to say in the world, and we will see good luck next year. " It expresses the people's wish that Kitchen God can bring good luck to the world. After the sacrifice, they opened the door and burned the old statue of the kitchen god and the already tied kitchen god horse. ?
People are full of mystery and reverie about the idol of Kitchen God. With the refinement and complication of the custom and etiquette of offering sacrifices to the kitchen stove, the image of the kitchen god that spread in Kanto in that year has also been enriched and diversified. The author still remembers that the image of the kitchen god is sitting and standing; Some kitchen gods sit alone, and some kitchen gods sit side by side; Some kitchen gods sit in the middle, and the left and right ladies sit separately, commonly known as "three-headed stoves". There is also "official Zhao", which is engraved with the famous Shu soldier Zhao Yun riding a horse and holding a gun, as well as the statues of the God of Wealth and the official of Fu Luxing. It is said that this is because he is afraid of the words of the kitchen god, so he worships "Zhaojun" and prays for peace. Zhao Yun can protect A Dou, and Zhao Jun is homophonic with "Kitchen God", so the characters in historical novels are known as "the head of the family". ?
The most interesting thing is that I have seen a picture of the kitchen god, entitled "The God Position of the kitchen god in the 29th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty". In the first half, the Kitchen God visited the Jade Emperor and held hands with each other. If you have any questions and answers; Below, there is a photo of Mr. Zhao and Mrs. Zhao sitting in front of the console table. On the left is a woman cooking, and on the right is a woman caressing a baby. People feed horses in the back trough, which is very rich. It can be said that this kitchen god filled the Kanto people in the past with sustenance, because only the kitchen god is the messenger of communication between heaven and earth. ?
On New Year's Eve, adults and children look up at the sky. At this moment, in the darkness, the Kitchen God's family has already driven a carriage, crossed the Wan Li Galaxy by Changfeng and returned to the Heavenly Palace. Good luck at the age of one, good and evil, only waiting for the kitchen god and the jade emperor to decide. So the 25th of the twelfth lunar month is another day to welcome the Jade Emperor. In order to test whether what the Kitchen God said is true, the Jade Emperor will come to earth on the 25th of the twelfth lunar month. After verification, he will file charges, and those who are guilty will be punished and their life will be shortened. So people are afraid, so they seal the mouth of the kitchen god with kitchen candy, which is a bribe for the god they created. ?
The lively custom of offering sacrifices to stoves and worshipping kitchen gods originated from the fire worship and sun worship of our ancestors. The legends in ancient books about the sun god and the fire god Emperor Yanhuang and Zhu Rong incarnating as kitchen gods show that the worship consciousness of the ancestors of Huaxia was formed in a long prehistoric period. "Food is the most important thing for the people", and the worship consciousness of Kanto Kitchen God stems from people's desire to overcome the cold of ice and snow and their dependence on food culture. ?
After the off-year, festivals are in full swing, one after another. At this time, the Kanto people have a customary "busy schedule", that is, "twenty-four, write big characters (that is, write Spring Festival couplets), twenty-five, sweep the dust (folk sweep the palace); Twenty-six, pork (farmers take the frozen meat out of the snow and ice pile), twenty-seven, kill the rooster; Twenty-eight, put the dough (used for steaming steamed bread, etc.). ), twenty-nine, posting backwards (that is, posting Spring Festival couplets, posting the word' fu' or' you' backwards, meaning that' fu' and' you' have arrived); Keep one night for thirty nights (the bonfire on New Year's Eve welcomes God and keeps the year). " ?
On New Year's Eve, there are many folk customs, mainly including adherence to customs, observance of the old age, sacrifice customs, food customs and so on.
"As soon as you enter the twelfth lunar month, you will have the taste of the New Year." [[〖HT〗] Cars come and go in urban and rural areas, in order to catch up with the Spring Festival.
In the old society, it was called "New Year Paper". This was the simplest form of purchase at that time, that is, incense wax, paper yards, firecrackers, New Year pictures, red paper, sugar, rock tea, candy, condiments and other things were wrapped together in a red paper. Nowadays, the content and form of Kanto "New Year Paper" have undergone profound changes. No matter how big the red paper in the shop is, it can't cover the types of new year's goods today. In addition to fresh vegetables, fish, condiments, tobacco and alcohol, candy, cakes, red paper, New Year pictures, door gods, hanging tags, calendars, desk calendars, picture books and other non-staple foods, there are incense wax, firecrackers, televisions, record players and tape recorders. This is colorful on New Year's Eve.
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