Born in the twelfth year of Shunzhi (AD 65438 +0655 65438+10/October 65438 +09), Nalan studied poetry extensively since childhood and entered imperial academy at the age of seventeen. He was appreciated by the wine sacrifice Xu and recommended to the cabinet bachelor Xu. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, he took the Shuntianfu rural examination and passed the exam. /kloc-at the age of 0/9, he became Gong. Kangxi died of illness in the twelfth year and was absent from the examination and entered the palace. In the fifteenth year of Kangxi's make-up exam, he entered the palace, won the seventh place in the exam, and was given a Jinshi background. During this period, Nalan Xingde studied hard and worshipped Xu as a teacher. Under the guidance of famous teachers, he presided over the compilation of a collection of Confucianism-Tongzhitang Jingjie in two years, which won the appreciation of the emperor and laid the foundation for future development. He also compiled his experiences and feelings of reading the classics into four volumes of Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lushuige, covering history, geography, astronomy, calendar, Buddhism, music, literature, textual research and other knowledge, showing a wide range of knowledge and hobbies. [2] Growth experience
Royal bodyguard
Nalan Xingde was only 22 years old when he became a scholar. Kangxi loved his talent very much, and because Nalan was born in a prominent family, his family was related to the royal family (Nalan's mother was born in the royal family of Aisingiorro; Nalan's great-grandfather Jin Taiji was Baylor of Yehe Department, and his sister Meng Guge was the mother of Huang Taiji. Therefore, he was awarded a third-class bodyguard by Kangxi, and soon he was promoted to a first-class bodyguard, dealing with Kangxi many times. He also sent a special envoy to Sauron to inspect the Russian invasion of the border.
Love Poem
As the eldest son of Nalan Mingzhu, an important official of the dynasty, he was destined to be colorful. As an emperor, he participated in romantic and gentle poems as a handsome and mighty military attache. He traveled around with the emperor, was ordered to participate in important strategic reconnaissance, recited poems and translated them with the emperor, and was awarded many times for his sacred will. He is an enviable young talent, both civil and military, a trusted minister valued by the emperor, and a promising official and senior official.
But as a genius of poetry, he is indifferent to fame and fortune, and hates the vulgarity and hypocrisy of officialdom in his heart. Although it is "in your room, I often think about mountains and rivers." Although he is good at riding and shooting all his life, he can't be enthusiastic in the command position of the first-class bodyguard.
In the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), Nalan married Lu, the daughter of Lu Xingzu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. In the sixteenth year of Kangxi, Lu died in childbirth, and Nalan's ci rose into the air, becoming the peak of drinking water words, which could not be surpassed by future generations, even by himself.
When Nalan Xingde was 24 years old, he compiled his own poems into a collection, called "Side Hat Collection" and wrote "Drinking Words". Later generations supplemented the two episodes, with a total of 349 songs, and compiled them into Nalan Ci. Nalan Ci handed down from ancient times enjoyed a high reputation in the society at that time and was highly praised by scholars. How many people know Nalan's heart when people say, "Everyone is singing" Thinking of Drinking Water "?" It can be seen that his words have great influence.
Nalan Xingde's friends are all "handsome for a while, but difficult to get along with in the world". Most of these people who refuse to become vulgar are Jiangnan literati, such as Gu Zhenguan, Yan, Zhu Yizun, and Jiang. Nalan Xingde is very sincere to his friends, not only ready to help others, but also respects their character and talents, just like "three thousand diners in Ping Yuanjun". At that time, many celebrities and talented people who wanted to be promoted and make a fortune surrounded him, making his residence Lvshuige (now the former residence of Soong Ching Ling) famous because Kangxi gathered too many emperors and literati. piczone
Nalan Xingde loved books and collected books all his life, and studied Confucian classics under Gu Zhenguan, Chen and Xu. He once spent 400,000 gold to edit books on Confucian classics since the Song Dynasty and carved them into 1860 volumes (later scholars He Chao compiled the Catalogue of Confucian Classics). There is an anthology of all Tang poems. He is the author of Tong Ji, Yin Shui Ci, Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lushui Pavilion, Excerpt of Yi Li Ji Yi, Collection of University Essentials, School Rhyme, Collection of Chen Li Ji, etc. In his later years, he devoted himself to Confucian classics, calligraphy and poetry. He entrusted friends Qin Songling and Zhu Yizun with more than 40 kinds of manuscripts 140, and built "Tongzhi Hall" and "Coral Pavilion" in the museum to enjoy playing the piano, appreciating calligraphy and painting and collecting ancient books. The books are printed with the words "Coral Pavilion", "Embroidered Buddha Zhai" and "Yuanyang Pavilion". die young
In the 24th year of Kangxi (1685), Nalan Xingde got together with friends when he was ill. He got drunk and sighed, and then cure a disease was very upset. Seven days later, he died in the 24th year of Kangxi (A.D. 1 July 6851) on May 30th, at the age of thirty.
Where is Nalan Xingde buried? It is located on a platform in the north of Shangzhuang Village, Shangzhuang Township, Haidian District, to the west of Zaojiatun. It was built in the third year of Qing Shunzhi, with a total area of about 340 mu. The cemetery is divided into two parts: the southern capital and the northern capital, with 9 Baoding graves and 2 earth graves.
The treasure top of Nalanxingde Tomb is magnificent, the base is bluestone, the middle of the treasure top is white marble, engraved with patterns, and the upper part is semi-circular with dense concrete. The Nalan family cemetery was basically well preserved in the Qing Dynasty, and was later stolen many times. 1966 was severely damaged during the Cultural Revolution. 1970 winter, completely demolished. Anecdotal allusions and A Dream of Red Mansions
The vigorous study of Nalan Xingde's film and television image in A Dream of Red Mansions has lasted for more than one hundred years. Among them, many literary masters participated in the research and made many achievements and progress. Not only did Mao Zedong comment on the study of A Dream of Red Mansions, dating back to a hundred years ago, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty and his son Wang Sun also leaned in. Anyone who studies A Dream of Red Mansions will know something about Nalan Mingzhu and Nalan Xingde.
Gan Long was the first red scientist. When Xiao Shenyang presented A Dream of Red Mansions, Gan Long read it and said, "This cover is also a masterpiece of the Pearl family." In a word, connect a dream of red mansions with Nalan's family. Not to mention whether this inference is conclusive, the son of heaven first made a statement, and according to his experience, he put forward the possibility of connection between two things. Both Nalan's family and Cao Shi were "prosperous times" from the early Qing Dynasty to the middle Qing Dynasty, one after another. Their family background and experience have many similarities, which is a concentrated reflection of political and cultural phenomena in that period. With Cao Xueqin
Nalan Xingde and Cao Xueqin's grandfather Cao Yin entered the palace together. They were both ouchi guards. According to the test, this kind of colleague relationship may be unusual. They are all rich in literary talent. One is that Manchu nobles successfully joined the mainstream culture of the Central Plains through their efforts. The other is the ancestral family style, which brought mature sinology into Manchu. From two different angles, we can achieve the beauty of equal work and make efforts to integrate Manchu and Chinese cultures. What can best testify now is the poetic communication between Cao Yin, who was weaving in Jiangning at that time, and Nalan Xingde, who was stationed in the weaving department during Kangxi's southern tour. Nalan has a poem titled "Man Jiang Hong is Cao Ziqing's topic about the ancestors building a neem pavilion, and the pavilion is in Jinling Department", and there is also a article called "Planting Trees in Cao".
Both of them are close ministers of the emperor. Nalan is a bridge between the emperor and cultural figures, and Cao Yin is an emissary to release Jiangnan as an official, monitor the actions of Jiangnan literati, and strive for talents for the court. Their functions are different, but their purpose and destination are the same. They are all cadres and assistants in the cultural rule of the Qing Dynasty. This is the same role they play in ideology and the similarity in cultural function.
And Nalan's family and Cao Shi's family are bureaucratic families. Since the dragon entered the customs, it has repeatedly made meritorious deeds and inherited its official rank from generation to generation. He is a family of fame and wealth. Nalan family is not only an authentic Manchu aristocrat, but also has a complicated blood relationship with the dynasty. Cao Jiazu was a garrison officer in Liaodong of the Ming Dynasty, and later transferred to the Qing Dynasty. He was listed as an imperial envoy. Cao Yin's biological mother is Kangxi's wet nurse and the emperor's attendant (classmate). Cao Xueqin's sister is the five grandchildren of Prince Li and Pingjun and the princess of Naersu. Cao family inherited Jiangning weaving for 60 or 70 years. Nalan Xingde, Cao Yin and Emperor Kangxi are young subjects of similar age who "played together".
Nalan and Cao Shi have many similarities not only in dynasty relations, but also in family background. Their ancestors all entered the customs from the Dragon, and made a fortune after setting up a platform for China in the Qing Dynasty. Both families have certain cultural traditions and pay attention to cultural construction. Pearl is a supporter of Manchu-Chinese cultural integration policy, and led and edited a number of great books in the early Qing Dynasty. He devoted himself to children's cultural learning and development. Among the children and grandchildren are the famous poet Nalan Xingde, a bachelor of imperial academy, and grandson Fogg likes reading and is good at collecting books. On the other hand, Cao Jiazu was a guerrilla artillery instructor stationed in Liaoyang in the Ming Dynasty. Later, Cao Jiazi and his grandson were outstanding literary talents and were willing to make friends with officials who were famous in the world. Although their ancestors were all military commanders, in the process of culture and in the overall situation of perfecting cultural rule, they complied with this trend earlier and completed this transformation. Poems and books are handed down from family to family, and Chongwen pays great attention to ceremony.
Both of them have the brilliance of "cooking oil brings fire, flowers bring brocade", and they are both "poetry, calligraphy and painting families". However, they all suffered from dismissal and seizure of property. Loss is loss, and glory is glory. The political struggle of a feudal dynasty and the rise and fall of a family were all interpreted so vividly and vividly. The change of the political situation in Nalan dynasty deeply affected the fate of their family. The development of contradictions within their families and the indifference of their family situation are also the epitome and reflection of the rise and fall of the dynasty. They influence each other and observe each other. Like most feudal officials, Pearl, because of her growing power, repeated the punishments of controlling state affairs, cheating on official duties, taking bribes and perverting the law, being disintegrated by the suggestion and being dismissed from office and confiscated. His mansion was occupied by another very greedy courtier, Xiao Shenyang. However, Cao Jiahe was accused of misappropriating assets for nearly a hundred years, and was removed from office and confiscated when there was a deficit. His knitting work was replaced by another corrupt official named Sui Hede. This Chen Xiangyin is not the result of the internal struggle of the ruling clique. Both of them were involved in the court power struggle consciously or unconsciously, belonging to the Huangbazi and Huangjiuzi groups. Xu Xu, Nalanxingde's eldest brother, was demoted because he mentioned "Eight Elder Brothers" on the issue of establishing a protected area. Yongzheng was even worse at managing political enemies. He sent a message to shovel the old words on the slap tombstone and change them to "the tomb of infidelity, unfilial and soft treachery" to show permanence. Cao Jia also became party member with Huang Bazi and Huang Jiuzi because of the problem of establishing storage, and was hated by Yongzheng, so he quickly divided it. Because manjuji, next to the weaving yamen in Jiangning, found that the Cao family collected bronze lions for Yunchan, he found a handle to demote people, exiled the army and sent them to the end. The two families also experienced the cycle of honor and disgrace in the "prosperous time of kanggan" when the feudal system was revealed to the world.