Metaphysics is a "profound knowledge" based on "the ancestors narrate Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi", integrating Confucianism and Taoism, and calling Zhouyi, Laozi and Zhuangzi "San Xuan". The "metaphysics" of metaphysics comes from Laozi's thought. In the first chapter of Laozi, I said, "The Xuan is also the Xuan, which is the gate of Wan Qi". Metaphysics is the universal law "Tao" of all things in the world, which embodies the infinity and mystery of all things' changes.
Metaphysical scholars interpreted The Analects of Confucius and The Book of Changes with their reformed ideas of Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, reformed the Confucian Classics in Han Dynasty, and established the philosophical ontology of "governing by doing nothing".
Confucian thoughts such as etiquette, religion, heaven and humanity are also discussed in metaphysics, but their main purpose is Taoism, that is, to emphasize sublimity is nothing, nature and inaction.
Although the central issue discussed by metaphysics can still be attributed to the relationship between man and nature, in form, it has got rid of the tedious and broken annotations of Confucian classics in Han Dynasty. In content, it abandons the vulgar teleological argument of the Confucian classic "the feeling between man and nature".
Metaphysical scholars have demonstrated from many aspects that the "nature" of Taoism is consistent with the "famous religion" of Confucianism. They changed the ideological pattern of "interaction between Confucianism and Taoism" in Han Dynasty, and advocated the unity of Confucianism and Taoism, and Confucius was still the highest "saint".
Metaphysics puts forward or pays attention to a series of speculative concept categories, such as existence, origin and end, body use, meaning, pluralism, movement, nature and famous religion, which primitive Confucianism and Confucian classics in Han Dynasty do not have or pay attention to. The appearance of metaphysics greatly promoted the development of China's philosophy.
Metaphysics originated from the internal study of China's ancient classics. At first, Liu Biao and Zhong Song's "Learning of Jingzhou" appeared, which was more concise and focused on righteousness and reason. Later, Wang Su's "Wang Xue" emerged, which was different from "Zheng Xue" and then reached the metaphysics of Yanhe and Wang Bi. The development and evolution of metaphysics has gone through three main stages.
Metaphysics officially entered the historical stage during the zhengshi period of Cao Wei (240~248), which was called "the voice of zhengshi" in history. At this time, Yan He and Wang Bi's No matter who you are appeared. Yanhe wrote The Analects of Confucius and On Morality, and Wang Bi wrote Laozi and Zhouyi. They "think that everything in the world is based on inaction" ("Jin Shu Wang Yanchuan"); It is believed that "saints are nothing, nothing, and cannot be repaired."
So stop it. Laozi did something, so he insisted on his shortcomings. "(The Biography of the Three Kingdoms Zhong Hui) quoted He Wei's Biography of Wang Bi, which means that Confucius is superior to Laozi. Confucius said that "Mingjiao" is actually "no body", while Laozi was talking about "being" and "nothing".