(1) The meaning of immortals and the difference between them. "Immortals" generally refer to people who practice Taoism, have magical powers, are unpredictable and live forever. That is to say, "immortal, therefore, protect the truth of life and swim outside." "Immortals" are also called "immortals" and "real people", collectively referred to as "immortals". In fact, there is a difference between gods and immortals. God is a congenital natural god, and he was also called a congenital saint before heaven and earth were divided. Those who exist in nature are the real saints. According to "Surrounding Park", it belongs to another kind of god and "can't learn". For example, Sanqing Zun Shen, Jade Emperor, Antarctic Xianweng and other immortals can't be cultivated by ordinary people in the world. Immortals are people who practice Taoism in the secular world the day after tomorrow. They are also called immortals. It is the immortal who achieves immortality through long-term cultivation. The word "God" in China's ancient books has rich connotations, including "divine power", which is hard to predict, and drivers call it God. For example, Yi said, "Yin and Yang are unpredictable gods", and one day he said, "God is the only one, which comes too soon." There are also spirits that call God, such as "Confucius said,' Qi is also the prosperity of God, and spirit is also the prosperity of ghosts'." "And" the essence of a saint is God, and the essence of a saint is ghost. "There are immortal people who are called gods, such as" Family Language ":"Those who don't eat, die and become gods. " It can be seen that "God" includes not only innate gods, but also essential gods and the desire for eternal life. Taoism says that immortality is immortal. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Liu Xi's book Ming Shi explained: immortality, movement; Moved to the mountain, so its character maker is next to the mountain. Ge Hong said: If a husband becomes immortal, he will take medicine to preserve his health and prolong his life, so that his sin will not be born and foreign invasion will not enter. Although he won't die for long, he won't change his old body. If there is a suitable method, there is nothing difficult. Zhong and Lu believe that the so-called dividing line between immortals and human beings lies in the different conditions of Yin and Yang. Pure yang without yin is immortal; People are mixed with yin and yang. Passive hugs Yang is also a human being. (2) The image and characteristics of immortals The legend of immortals has been widely circulated in central China as early as the pre-Qin period. "Zhuangzi Xiaoyao Tour" said: "The mountain that shoots is inhabited by gods, and the skin is like ice and snow, and it is graceful like a virgin. Don't eat grains, suck the wind and drink dew, ride the clouds and descend the dragon, and travel around the world. "In Yanqi seaside area, legend has it that there are three sacred mountains, Penglai, Abbot and Longcheng. There are immortals and medicines on the mountain. Animals are all white, and the palaces they live in are all made of gold and silver. There are also many vivid descriptions of immortals in Biography of Immortals: or bending over into the clouds. Flying without wings; Or ride a dragon in the clouds and build a day order; Or become a bird and beast, floating in the clouds; Or sneak in rivers and seas and soar in famous mountains; Or get angry when you take it, and get rid of it; Or go in and out of the world without knowing it, or hide from it. Immortals can be buried, dive into rivers and become invisible. They can do anything. (3) The immortal system in the earliest Taoist classic "Taiping Jing" has six levels: "One is a god, the other is a real person, the third is a fairy, the fourth is a Tao, the fifth is a saint, and the sixth is a sage, all of which contribute to the rule of heaven. God is God, real people are landlords, immortals are wind and rain masters, Taoist priests and bishops are good or bad, saints care for the people, sages assist saints, and manage the people to help Liuhe. "Jin Ge Hong's Bao Puzi divides immortals into three classes:" Staff sergeant is called immortal when he holds aloft; Middle-earth traveled to famous mountains and was called the earth fairy; Corporal dies first and sloughs off, which is called corpse solution. "Tianzang divides immortals into five categories; People call it a fairy in the sky, a fairy on the earth, a daffodil in the water, and a fairy who can turn magical powers. Taizhenke is divided into nine categories: "Shangxian, Gaoxian, Daxian, Xianren, Xuanxian, Xian Zhen, Lingta and Zhixian (4) Fairyland ruled by immortals. According to the Seven Signs of the Cloud, Taoism has 36 days (four sacred days, four Brahma days, and twenty-eight three realms), and the 36 days are always controlled by Sambo Jun, and its desire realm is "lust", "yin and yang are handed over, and people are born". Above the desire world, there is a color world, no color world, "people live forever", but life and death are not broken. Four Brahma is also called the kind of human heaven and the holy disciple heaven. "Life and death are beyond the three disasters." Sanqing is the home of nine saints, nine true immortals. According to the Taoist scriptures, there are ten continents and three islands in the vast Baluhai, all of which are sparsely populated. Where immortals travel, there is fairy grass. Shizhou is Zuzhou, Yingzhou, Xuanzhou, Yanzhou, Changzhou, Yuanzhou, Liuzhou, Shengzhou, Fenglin and Juku. The three islands are Kunlun, abbot and Pengqiu. Among the famous mountains on the earth, there are ten caves, thirty-six caves and seventy-two blessed places, ruled by immortals and real people. Among them, the ten holes and the thirty-six holes are places where God sent immortals to rule. Seventy-two blessed places, between famous mountains and great rivers, are governed by real people and taught by gods, and there are many ways. (5) Immortals are real and can be learned. Taoism believes that immortals are real. A large number of Taoist fairy tales, fairy tales, fairy tales, etc. Have demonstrated the existence of immortals with vivid examples. Ge Hong's "On Immortals" and "On Vulgarity" in Bao Puzi's Inner Chapter refute all kinds of views that doubt the existence of immortals and demonstrate that immortals exist. Some people think that there must be death in existence and death in life. This is human common sense. "I've never heard of it in the spring of ten thousand years. I've been watching it for a long time." "Bao Puzi" said: "The husband often lives and dies, and the reason is average. Their similarities and differences are uneven, possibly impossible and varied. It's strange, it's unreasonable, and things are wrong. If you don't take it, you can't take it. " It is believed that heaven and earth are infinite and electric cranes last forever, so not all people and things follow the law of life and death. Some people start from the fact that all people are born with natural gas and come to the conclusion that all people are born with life and death. Bao Puzi pointed out that people are different and things are changing, so there are special people who can become immortals. Most secular people don't "know", don't "walk the streets", don't believe in immortals, and are obsessed with fame and fortune. Nature can't be immortal, and you can't see immortals. The chapter "Duishu" continues to prove the existence of immortals. Someone said, "A turtle can sting in the soil, and a crane can fly, so that people can sting in an instant, but not fly in an instant. How do they know their longevity and safety? " Bao Puzi pointed out that although people can't "stay in the soil" or "fly in the sky", among all things, people are the most spiritual and have their own advantages over animals. "Real people only learn the Tao today to prolong their life, but they can learn when they eat and rest, and they can't learn when they fly in the sky", which does not prevent them from cultivating immortality. Taoism says that everyone has a way, "My life is in my absence", and everyone can cultivate immortality. First of all, Tao gives birth to all things, Tao lives in all things, and Tao is eternal. "Tao is invisible, so it can be made clear because of its birth" (see Neiguan Jing of Taishang Laojun) and "Life is different from Tao" (see Old Xiangzi Jules), so the "students" who keep the Tao can be as eternal as the Tao. "Deep-rooted" means "long-term vision". Zhi Li, the Inner Chapter of Bao Puzi, said, "Madam is angry with people. As for everything in the world, nothing is born against the air. " Therefore, as long as you believe in it, keep it, and in the final analysis, you can live forever and become immortal. & ltbr & gt Secondly, use the theory of the relationship between form and spirit to prove that you can cultivate immortality. Through the change of things and the action of drugs, it is analogized that immortals can succeed, immortals exist and immortals can learn. To this end, Taoism has formed a complete set of immortal theory and cultivation methods. -Taishang Laojun, that is, Lao Zi and Lao Dan, also known as Li Er, was a real person in history and a thinker in the late Spring and Autumn Period. With the development of Taoism, the deification of Laozi has become more and more serious, thinking that it is always the origin of the universe, just like the original Buddha. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, the title of "Taishang Laojun" appeared (see Shu Wei's Interpretation of the Old), which later became the official title of Taoism. Moral Buddha is located in the third floor of the highest third world, Taiqing fairyland. The fifteenth day of the second lunar month is a god older than Christmas, that is, the old gentleman and Lao Zi, one of the three Qing Dynasties, the ancestors of Taoism.
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