Today, almost no one in the world doesn't know puzzles and puzzles. Used abroad.
It is called Tangram, which means the map of China (not a map invented in the Tang Dynasty).
Perhaps the history of Tangram should be traced back to Shu Jing, an ancient book in the pre-Qin period of China.
There is a tangent skill, which is used to prove Pythagorean theorem. At that time, the big square was cut down.
Cut into four identical triangles and a small square. This is not a puzzle. Now it's seven cleverness.
The board of directors has experienced a historical evolution process.
Lu Qing's Yi Yong Lu Han Lu Miscellaneous Knowledge;
"Song, Huang, Bo, Yan, a few paintings, with several seven faces, the length is related, and it is divided into 25 bodies.
Sixty-eight pictures of butterflies were made clearly and closely, and then the system was modified to make the triangle into a Pythagorean shape by mistake.
Shaped like butterfly wings. Its formula three, its system six, its dozens have three, its variation formula, where there is one hundred.
Yu. Recently, there are seven clever diagrams, the formula is five, the number is seven, and there are more than a thousand kinds of changes. Physical simplicity
Form, random change, and games are enough to relieve boredom and break the silence, so the secular is happy. "
This basically explains the origin, that is, Yanjitu in Song Dynasty developed into Emperor Tu in Ming and Qing Dynasties.
At the beginning, it evolved into a seven-clever map.
Yanji includes two long tables of 4X 1, two middle tables of 3X 1 and three short tables of 2X 1.
These seven tables can be combined into practical tables with different widths and forms, just for today's combination.
The ancestor of dining table furniture. "Yan Ji Tu" gives 76 kinds of combination diagrams (Lu Yimeng called 68 kinds, which was wrong).
Author Huang wrote the preface to December of Jiayin (1 194) in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Huang was a native of the Northern Song Dynasty and died in the early years. Time is reversed, and some people dismiss it as a fake recording.
The Chronology was written by Ge Shan during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (16 17). Yanyun
He wrote a preface for the book (the cloud mistakenly thought it was written by Yan Lian). Ge Zhuangle is from Changshu.
"Changshu County Records" records that "how many points does Geshan make butterflies". "Butterfly" is a triangle and a trapezoid.
A few (Figure 1), there are thirteen or sixteen species. The figure spelled with "butterfly" is better than that of "swallow"
It is much more complex and rich, and can form pavilions, mountains, ding, bottles, butterflies and other shapes, emerging one after another.
In addition to practical use, it also turned into a clear play, changed the table into a board, and became the predecessor of the "seven clever pictures".
During the Kangxi period, Liu Xianting described thirteen puzzles he saw in Yang Guang Miscellanies.
This diagram is very similar to the butterfly diagram, but it describes 13 "or rectangular or semi-rectangular" plates.
Or acute angle, or obtuse angle "is not like" butterfly ". Obviously this is a jigsaw puzzle.
Figure 1: Some photos of butterflies.
The invention of jigsaw puzzles may have been in the early18th century, and originated from the Iterative Period. Compare the butterflies in the picture 1 in several ways.
Take the right half and cut it twice to form a puzzle (Figure 2). Tangram soon spread to Japan.
European books on China jigsaw puzzles have been included in the European bibliographies from 65438 to 0805.
Japanese jigsaw puzzles are divided in a slightly different way (Figure 3). It should adopt the butterfly method.
The central square is divided into several supplementary parts. Because Japan published "The Wisdom of Speaking Less" on 1742.
Board ",and China can now find the" seven clever pictures together "is published by 1803, so Japan.
I don't think the puzzle came from China. But the author thinks that China Tangram and Japanese Tangram are both.
It originated from the "Butterfly Diagram", and the style and style of early puzzles also followed the "Butterfly Diagram".
Figure 2: China Tangram.
Figure 3: Japanese puzzle
In Europe, about 1805 published the "New China Children's Mystery" with 24 pieces of seven.
Qiaotu is equipped with wooden puzzles. Then 18 10 was in France, and 18 18 was in Germany.
The United States and China have published books on Tangram, and Italian books have also been introduced.
History of China. In the preface of these books, it is said: this is a kind of peace for men, women and children, dignitaries and nobles.
Everyone has Xian Yi's entertainment game, which won't make you lose money like other gambling tools.
Wealth.
Dutch writer Gao Luopei wrote in his novel that a dumb boy put together a word with a puzzle.
Complement his gestures. It is said that French Napoleon often played jigsaw puzzles to kill time after he was exiled.
Tangram spread to Europe and is still very popular today. Written by JoosfElffers in the Netherlands at 1978.
I read a book about Tangram, collected 1600 kinds of graphics and translated them into many languages.
Publication.