Modern research shows that Cordyceps sinensis is a very effective immune enhancer. It can quickly produce antibodies, promote T lymphocyte transformation and promote macrophage phagocytosis. It has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects on senile diseases such as low anti-infection function, increased tumor incidence, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases caused by low adrenal function, low cellular immunity and humoral immunity. At the same time, it has a strong inhibitory effect on pathogenic bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis, streptococcus, staphylococcus and pneumococcus.
2. Medicinal value of Cordyceps militaris According to the "Xinhua Compendium of Materia Medica", Cordyceps militaris is sweet in taste, flat in nature, beneficial to liver and kidney, nourishing essence, stopping bleeding and resolving phlegm; "Chinese Medicine Sea" records that "Cordyceps militaris tastes sweet and enters the lung and kidney meridians", and its indications are: ① tonifying kidney and strengthening yang. This product is sweet in nature, light in taste, tonifying kidney, strengthening yang and benefiting essence. It can be used for treating kidney-yang deficiency, dizziness, tinnitus, amnesia, insomnia, soreness of waist and knees, impotence and premature ejaculation. (2) stopping bleeding and resolving phlegm can not only tonify kidney-yang, but also benefit lung-yin, promote liver and kidney, and store essence and qi, which has a good effect on patients with deficiency of both lung and kidney, cough and asthma, and expectoration with blood; According to the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine, the fruiting bodies and worms of Cordyceps militaris can also be used as medicine. It can be seen that Cordyceps militaris and Cordyceps sinensis have the same pharmacological action and clinical effect.
3. Pharmacological Effects of Artificial Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris The pharmacological and pharmacodynamic experiments of Liaoning Provincial Research and Development Center for New Traditional Chinese Medicine have proved that artificial cultivation of Cordyceps militaris has anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia and anti-aging effects, especially it has obvious effects of enhancing non-specific immune system. Enhance the phagocytic function of macrophages, promote the formation of antibodies, and have obvious inhibitory effect on S 180 Ehrlich ascites tumor, and have synergistic and attenuated effects on cyclophosphamide. According to Li's report, Cordyceps activin processed from artificially cultured Cordyceps militaris has the following effects: ① Leukocytosis: It has a good effect on leukopenia caused by chemotherapy in tumor patients. ② Antitussive, antiasthmatic and expectorant effects: After taking Cordyceps militaris liquid and Cordyceps activin, the effect is very obvious for patients with lung and kidney deficiency, long-term cough and asthma, facial edema, shortness of breath after exercise, excessive phlegm or difficulty in expectoration. It can relieve bronchospasm, reduce lung fire, improve renal failure, and eliminate cough, asthma and phlegm. ③ Protection of liver: After taking Cordyceps activin 1 month, the surface antigen turned negative and the core antibody turned negative in patients with hepatitis B (with positive surface antigen). ④ Effect on diabetes mellitus: For patients with diabetes mellitus (++), taking Cordyceps activin 10 day will turn urine sugar into (+), and for patients with diabetes mellitus++,taking Cordyceps activin and Chinese herbal medicine has certain curative effect. ⑤ Effect on lumbago due to kidney deficiency: Taking Cordyceps vitality has obvious curative effect on patients with kidney yang deficiency, impotence and kidney deficiency lumbago. ⑥ Effect on palpitation and insomnia: Cordyceps militaris can regulate the central nervous system, relax muscles, reduce spontaneous activity, prolong pentobarbital sleep time, resist electric convulsion and have sedative and analgesic effects. It is also reported that cultured Cordyceps militaris has peripheral choline effect on autonomic nervous system, which can reduce the effect of parasympathetic nerve. Therefore, it has obvious curative effect on palpitation and insomnia. In addition, cultured Cordyceps militaris also has certain antipruritic and therapeutic effects on tinea pedis and beriberi.
4. Medicinal Components of Cordyceps militaris According to Gong He Han Ping's report (1993), Cordyceps militaris contains the same or similar effective components as natural Cordyceps militaris-free amino acids, hydrolyzed amino acids, cordycepin, adenine, ergosterol and trace elements. Compared with Cordyceps sinensis, Cordyceps militaris contains no histidine, but the contents of cordycepin and Eupatorium adenophorum are about 3 times higher than that of Cordyceps sinensis. In recent years, studies at home and abroad have shown that cordycepin can inhibit viruses and anti-tumor cells.
The medicinal components of Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps militaris are complex. At present, it is considered that the more important components are cordycepin, D- mannitol, Cordyceps polysaccharide, SOD and so on.
(1) cordycepin) 195 1+0 years, Cunningham et al. isolated cordycepin from artificially cultured Cordyceps militaris mycelium, and successfully synthesized it in South China Institute of Medicine 19 1 year. Liu Jingming et al. reported it from Cordyceps militaris for the first time in China. Its chemical structure is 3'- deoxyadenosine, and its molecular formula is C 10H 13O3N5. Because cordycepin can interfere with the synthesis of RNA and DNA, inhibit the division of abnormal cells, and can be used as a tool to distinguish different RNA polymerases in cells, it has attracted great attention in the pharmaceutical industry, and its content is about10.8 mg/g/g. Cordyceps militaris is the only strain that can form cordycepin among many tested cordyceps fungi [Furuya 1983]. Cordyceps sinensis has obvious antagonistic and inhibitory effects on Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium avium, mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor, human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells, epidermal warts and Hela cells. It has inhibitory effect on streptococcus, ankle, staphylococcus and tinea.
(2) The SOD activity of SOD-superoxide dismutase is 54IU/mg protein, which has the effect of resisting many difficult diseases. Such as anti-lupus, rheumatoid, dermatomyositis, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, anti-aging, skin care and so on.
To sum up, Cordyceps militaris is an excellent nutrition and drug source for human health, which can be used not only to develop series of foods, but also to prepare series of drugs and various tonics.