Contents 1 Pinyin 2 Overview 3 Alias ??of sweet potato 4 "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine": Sweet potato 4.1 Pinyin name 4.2 Alias ??of sweet potato 4.3 Source 4.4 Habitat distribution 4.5 Nature and flavor 4.6 Function and indication 4.7 Excerpt 5 "Chinese Materia Medica": Sweet potato 5.1 Origin 5.2 Pinyin name 5.3 English name 5.4 Alias ??of sweet potato 5.5 Source 5.6 Original form 5.7 Habitat distribution 5.8 Chemical composition 5.9 Nature and taste 5.10 Function and indication 5.11 Usage and dosage of sweet potato 5.12 Discussions by each expert 5.13 Excerpt 6 Sweet potato planting method 7 Sweet potato Amount of consumption 8 Nutritional value of sweet potato 9 Purchase of sweet potato 10 People suitable for sweet potato 11 Therapeutic effects of sweet potato 12 Foods that are incompatible with sweet potato 13 Suggestions for eating sweet potato are attached: 1 Prescriptions using the traditional Chinese medicine sweet potato 2 Chinese patent medicines using the traditional Chinese medicine sweet potato 3 Sweet Potato in Ancient Books 1 Pinyin
gān shǔ 2 Overview
Sweet Potato is a cultivar that can form roots in the Convolvulaceae family. It is an annual or perennial herbaceous creeping vine. Plant, the official botanical name of sweet potato is sweet potato. Sweet potatoes are sweet, nutritious, easy to digest, and can provide a large amount of heat energy. Therefore, sweet potatoes are the staple food in some countries in Africa and Asia. Sweet potato is native to South America and was introduced to my country from the Philippines and Vietnam in the 16th century. At present, it is cultivated in all parts of my country, especially in the Huaihai Plain, the Yangtze River Basin and the southeastern coastal provinces and regions.
Sweet potatoes are rich in sugar, protein, fiber and multiple vitamins, especially beta-carotene, vitamin E and vitamin C. In particular, sweet potatoes are rich in lysine, while rice and flour lack lysine. Therefore, eating sweet potatoes and rice noodles together can play a complementary role in protein and improve nutritional value. In terms of overall nutrition, sweet potatoes are the best among grains and vegetables. Europeans and Americans praise it as the "second bread", scientists from the former Soviet Union say it is the "aerospace food" of the future, and the French call it a well-deserved "advanced health food". 3 Alias ??of sweet potato
Potato, white potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato
4 "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine": Pinyin name of sweet potato 4.1
Gān Shǔ 4.2 Alias ??of sweet potato
White potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato 4.3 Source
Convolvulaceae sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam., the roots and vines are used as medicine. 4.4 Habitat distribution
Cultivation in various places. 4.5 Nature and flavor
Sweet, astringent, slightly cool. 4.6 Functional Indications
Tonify the body, promote fluid production, stop bleeding, and drain pus.
Stomach and duodenal ulcer bleeding: Grind the dry roots into powder, 3 times a day, take 4 taels for the first time, then 2 taels each time, mix thoroughly with warm water and take.
Metrorrhagia: 2 taels of fresh vine, burn on charcoal to preserve the properties, drink with sweet wine.
Unnamed swollen poison: Take appropriate amount of fresh root, mash it and apply it to the affected area. 4.7 Excerpt
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine" 5 "Chinese Materia Medica": Sweet Potato 5.1 Source
From 1. "Compendium".
2. Yang Fu's "Foreign Objects": Sweet potatoes are like taro, and they also have giant potatoes. When the skin is peeled off, the muscles are as white as fat. Southerners specialize in eating them as rice.
3. "The shape of southern vegetation": sweet, covered with yam and the like, or taro, the roots and leaves are like taro, as real as a fist, and some are as big as an ou. The skin is purple and the flesh is white. When steamed and eaten, it tastes like yam and is not very cold in nature. In the old Zhuya land, all the people in the sea did not cultivate crops, but dug the ground to plant sweet crops, harvested them when they were ripe in autumn, steamed and dried them, cut them into grains of rice, and stored them in warehouses to fill the crops. This is a famous grain. 5.2 Pinyin name
Gān Shǔ 5.3 English name
rhizome of Edible Yam 5.4 Alias ??of sweet potato
Sweet potato, mountain potato, sweet potato 5.5 Source
Source of medicinal material: It is the tuber of sweet potato, a plant of the Dioscoreaceae family.
Latin plant and animal mineral names: Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill [Oncus esculentus Lour.]
Harvest and storage: Harvest in summer and autumn, wash, slice and dry Or used fresh.
5.6 Original form
Sweet potato, wrapped around a herbaceous vine. There are usually more than 410 branches at the top of the underground tuber, and the ends of each branch expand into an oval-shaped tuber with a light yellow and smooth outer skin. The stem turns left, has spines at the base, and is covered with T-shaped pubescence. The single leaves are alternate; the petiole is 58cm long and has spines at the base; the leaves are broad and heart-shaped, the largest leaf is 15cm long and 17cm wide, and the length and width are generally no more than 10cm. The apex is acute, the base is heart-shaped, and the base has veins 913. T-shaped villous hair, especially on the back. The male inflorescence is a spike, solitary, about 15cm long; the male flowers are sessile or have very short stalks, usually solitary, rarely in clusters of 24, arranged on the inflorescence axis; the bracts are oval, apex acuminate; perianth Shallow cup-shaped, pubescent, outer whorl of tepals broadly lanceolate, 18mm long, inner whorl slightly shorter; 6 stamens developed, inserted at the mouth of perianth tube, slightly shorter than the lobes; female spike-like inflorescence solitary In the upper leaf axils, it is 40cm long, drooping, and the inflorescence axis is slightly ridged. The capsule is less mature, triangular, slightly concave at the apex, truncate at the base, each edge is wing-shaped, about 3cm long and 1.2cm wide; the seeds are round and winged. Flowering period is early summer. 5.7 Habitat distribution
Ecological environment: Grows in sparse bushes on hillsides below 600m above sea level or in rock crevices on roadside.
Resource distribution: distributed in Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, and Yunnan. 5.8 Chemical composition
The root contains 2.3g% protein, 0.2g% fat, 29g% carbohydrate, 0.5g% crude fiber, and carotene. ) 1.31mg%, thiamine 0.12g%, riboflavine 0.04mg%, nicotinic acid 0.5mg%, ascorbic acid 30mg%, ash 0.9g% , calcium 18mg%, phosphorus 20mg%, iron 0.4mg%. Fats mainly contain oleic acid, palmitic acid, and arachidic acid. 5.9 Nature and flavor
Sweet; mild 5.10 Functions and Indications
Replenishing qi and strengthening the spleen; nourishing yin and nourishing the kidney. Mainly used for spleen deficiency and weak qi; various syndromes of kidney yin deficiency 5.11 Usage and dosage of sweet potato
Oral administration: appropriate amount as food. 5.12 Discussions by various experts
"Compendium": Tonify deficiency, replenish qi and strength, strengthen the spleen and stomach, strengthen kidney yin, and have the same functions as dioscorea. 5.13 Excerpt
"Chinese Materia Medica" 6 Sweet Potato Planting Methods
(1) Oblique planting method: The seedlings need to be 16 cm to 20 cm long. When planting, the seedlings are about 10 cm into the soil and placed on the ground. Leave the seedlings 6 cm to 10 cm, and the slope of the potato seedlings should be about 45 degrees. This is a planting method commonly used in field production in Henan Province. Its characteristic is that the node distribution position of the potato seedlings in the soil is between the horizontal planting method and the vertical planting method. The number of potatoes per plant is less than the horizontal planting method and more than the vertical planting method. The upper nodes have larger potatoes, and the lower nodes have larger potatoes. The tuber tuber is smaller and the tuber size is not uniform. However, this method has good drought resistance, high survival rate, and few and concentrated tubers per plant. It is suitable for use in hilly areas or plain dry land lacking water sources. This method of planting is simple. If the density is appropriately increased and fertilizer and water management is strengthened, even if a single plant does not produce many tubers, it can still achieve high yields due to the large tubers.
(2) Horizontal planting method: It is characterized by long potato seedlings (seedlings are 20 cm and 30 cm long), and the nodes inserted into the soil are distributed in a shallow soil layer 5 cm and 7 cm deep under the ridge surface. The tuber conditions are basically the same. Most of the nodes can take root and form tubers. There are few empty nodes and the tuber formation is more uniform.
It is suitable for plots with good water and fertilizer conditions, and can achieve high yields by taking advantage of its advantages of abundant and uniform tuber formation. At present, this method is mostly used in large areas of high-yield fields in various places. However, its drought resistance is poor. If it encounters adverse environmental conditions such as high temperature, drought, and poor soil, it will be difficult to preserve seedlings, and it is easy to have missing plants or small seedlings. Due to the large number of potatoes, it will not receive sufficient nutrition, resulting in an increase in small potato pieces. And the output is not high.
(3) Direct insertion method: This method is often used for short-term potato seedlings. Its characteristic is that the lower 2 and 3 sections of the potato seedlings are inserted vertically into the soil to a depth of about 10 cm. Due to the deep penetration into the soil, only a few nodes are distributed in the topsoil layer suitable for forming potatoes, so generally a single plant will produce less and more tubercles. It is concentrated in the upper nodes, but it expands quickly and has many large potatoes. In addition, because potato seedlings are deeply embedded in the soil, they can utilize deep soil moisture, survive easily, return to seedlings quickly, and have strong drought tolerance. Suitable for use on arid, barren and sandy slopes. This method has a high survival rate and saves labor, but the density must be appropriately increased to make up for the shortcomings of less tubers per plant, thereby increasing yield.
(4) Boat-bottom-shaped planting method: This method generally uses potato seedlings of 20 cm and 25 cm, tilting the head and tail like a boat-bottom shape, and burying them in the soil at a depth of 5 cm and 7 cm. Because there are many nodes in the soil and most of the nodes are close to the soil surface, it is conducive to potato formation and more potato lumps. This method is suitable for plots with fertile soil, deep soil layers, and no threat of drought. It can give full play to its advantage of producing more potatoes to obtain high yields. The disadvantage is that the deeper nodes in the middle of the potato seedlings often produce fewer and smaller tubers, or even empty nodes with no tubers.
(5) Hook-shaped planting method: This method is roughly the same depth as diagonal planting. When planting, the base of the seedling is bent into a hook shape and directly pressed into the ridge soil. The base often penetrates deeper into the soil, so it is easier to survive. . This method can be used when the seedlings are slightly longer, and about 10 cm of the seedling body is exposed on the ground. 7 The amount of sweet potato to eat
One piece at a time (about 150 grams) 8 The nutritional value of sweet potato
1. Harmonizing blood and nourishing the body: Sweet potatoes are very nutritious and contain a lot of sugar, Protein, fat and various vitamins and minerals can be absorbed by the human body in a cyclical manner, preventing and treating malnutrition, and can replenish the middle and replenish qi, which is beneficial to diseases such as deficiency of the spleen and stomach in the middle burner and malnutrition in children;
2. Intestinal laxative: After sweet potatoes are cooked, part of the starch changes. When combined with raw food, dietary fiber can be increased by about 40%, which can effectively regulate intestinal peristalsis and promote defecation. When people cut sweet potatoes, they see a white liquid oozing out from under the skin of sweet potatoes, which contains purpurin, which can be used to treat habitual constipation;
3. Enhance immune function: Sweet potatoes contain a large amount of mucus protein, which can prevent liver disease and kidney connective tissue atrophy, improve the body's immunity, and prevent the occurrence of collagen disease. The minerals contained in sweet potatoes play a very important role in maintaining and regulating human body functions. The calcium and magnesium contained in it can prevent osteoporosis;
4. Anti-cancer: Sweet potatoes contain an anti-cancer substance that can prevent and treat colon cancer and breast cancer. In addition, sweet potatoes also have the effect of eliminating reactive oxygen species, which is one of the causes of cancer, so sweet potatoes have a very obvious effect on inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells;
5. Anti-aging and preventing arteriosclerosis: the benefits of sweet potatoes The anti-aging and anti-arteriosclerosis effects are mainly due to its ability to remove reactive oxygen species. The mucus protein contained in sweet potatoes can maintain the elasticity of blood vessel walls and prevent the occurrence of atherosclerosis; the chlorogenic acid in sweet potatoes can Inhibits the production of melanin and prevents the appearance of spots and age spots. Redness can also inhibit skin aging, maintain skin elasticity, and slow down the aging process of the body. 9 Selection of sweet potatoes
1. Sweet potatoes are mainly eaten as fat tubers. The shape, size, skin and flesh color of the roots vary depending on the variety and cultivation conditions. The shape is divided into spindle, cylindrical, spherical and block-shaped; the skin color is white, yellow, red, light red, purple and other colors; the flesh color can be divided into white, yellow, light yellow, orange or with purple halo, etc. . The outer layer of the tuber is the skin containing anthocyanins, commonly known as potato skin. The several layers of cells below the epidermis are the cortex, and the inner side is the edible central column.
2. After three years of research and selection, the World Health Organization (WHO) has selected the six healthiest foods and the top ten junk foods. The selected healthiest foods include six categories: best vegetables, best fruits, best meats, best cooking oils, best soups, and best brain-protecting foods. The familiar sweet potato is listed as the champion of the 13 best vegetables;
3. Sweet potato contains an oxidase, which easily produces a large amount of carbon dioxide gas in the human gastrointestinal tract, such as sweet potato Eating too much can cause bloating, burping, and gas. Sweet potatoes are high in sugar, and eating too much can produce a lot of stomach acid, making people feel "heartburn." The stomach contracts more due to being stimulated by the acid. At this time, the cardia muscle at the junction of the stomach and the esophagus relaxes, and the acid in the stomach flows back into the esophagus, causing the person to vomit acid water. If there is too much sugar, the body cannot absorb it all for a while, and the rest will ferment in the intestines, which will also make the stomach uncomfortable. 10 People suitable for sweet potato
The general population can eat it
1. It is not advisable to eat too much at one time to avoid discomfort such as heartburn, acid vomiting, bloating and gas;
2. People with gastric ulcer, hyperacidity and diabetes should not eat it. 11 Therapeutic effects of sweet potato
Sweet potato root is sweet, mild in nature and slightly cool, and enters the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians;
It can nourish the spleen and stomach, produce body fluids, quench thirst, and promote diuresis. It can replenish qi and promote fluid production, moisten the lungs and smooth the intestines;
The stems and leaves are sweet, light, and slightly cool in nature, and enter the lungs, large intestine, and bladder meridians;
It has the properties of moistening the lungs and soothing the stomach. , facilitate urination, expel intestinal pus and remove putrefaction;
Used for intestinal dryness and constipation: boil several sweet potatoes, peel them, and eat them dipped in honey. 12 Foods that are incompatible with sweet potatoes
Sweet potatoes should not be eaten with persimmons, tomatoes, white wine, crabs, and bananas.
Sweet potatoes and persimmons should not be eaten at the same time in a short period of time. If you eat a lot, they should be eaten at least five hours apart. If eaten at the same time, the sugar in sweet potatoes will ferment in the stomach, which will increase gastric acid secretion and react with the tannins and pectin in persimmons to precipitate and condense, producing hard lumps. In severe cases, it can cause gastrointestinal bleeding or gastric ulcers. 13 Suggestions for eating sweet potatoes
1. Sweet potatoes contain "gasification enzymes", which may cause heartburn, vomiting of sour water, bloating and gas after eating.
As long as you don't eat too much at one time, and eat it with rice and noodles, and add pickles or drink some vegetable soup, you can avoid it;
2. Rotten sweet potatoes (sweet potatoes with black spots) and sprouted ones Sweet potatoes can poison people and should not be eaten;
3. Eating cold sweet potatoes can easily cause gastric discomfort;
4. There are many ways to eat them, and they can be used to make staple foods instead of rice and noodles. ; Boil and mash fresh potatoes, and mix them with rice flour, flour, etc. to make various cakes, dumplings, buns, dumplings, cakes, etc.; dry them into powder and can replace flour to make cakes, puddings and other snacks. Processed into vermicelli;
5. Root vegetables such as sweet potatoes contain a large amount of starch and can be processed into vermicelli for consumption, but alum is often added during the production process. Excessive consumption will cause aluminum to accumulate in the body, which is harmful to health. Recipe using traditional Chinese medicine sweet potato, lugan, garlic and leek tea
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Sweet potato in the ancient book "Compendium of Materia Medica": [Volume 8: Vegetables] Gan Chu
A work on Japonica powder Gan Chu wine Sweet potato, also known as red potato, is also called golden potato because of its red skin. Today, it is commonly known as sweet potato or sweet potato. It has two colors: red skin and white skin. "Essentials of Women's Science": Continuation
Read Yi Biao Jie and asked: I heard that there were few people suffering from this disease twenty years ago. Since then, sweet potatoes have been grown in this place and women have eaten them. They often have sores, and the shape of the sores is similar to that of sweet potatoes. Also. Yu said... "Jin Gui Yao Shu": [Volume 9: Women's Miscellaneous Diseases and Pulse Syndrome Treatment 22] Continued note
I asked again about twenty. Years ago, there were few people suffering from this disease. Since the sweet potatoes were grown in this area, they often developed sores similar to those of sweet potatoes.
I said... "Compendium of Materia Medica": [Sequel Volume: Eight Insects and Fish Part] Vegetable Part
Non-toxic sweet potato is mainly used to replenish deficiency and deficiency, replenish qi, strengthen the spleen and stomach, and strengthen kidney yin function, which is the same as Dioscorea (Compendium of Materia Medica) ) Di (Li Shizhen said) According to (Chen Qichang Foreign Objects Zhiyun) sweet potato was handed over... "Compendium of Materia Medica": [Volume 27 of the Department of Vegetables Part 2] Sweet Potato