First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated. Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works. For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history. Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation. In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters. ② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will lay a solid foundation for the college entrance examination.
2. How to analyze classical Chinese 1? The analysis of classical Chinese is generally the translation of key words and the flexible use of nouns, loanwords, ancient and modern meanings and key sentence patterns.
2. The analysis of classical Chinese must also be able to give an exact and appropriate explanation according to the up and down * * *, which is the most important step to understand classical Chinese and its meaning.
3. Content words in classical Chinese include nouns, verbs, adjectives, numerals and quantifiers. When preparing for the exam, we should master the language phenomena such as different meanings in ancient and modern times, polysemy, and borrowing meanings. Only by mastering these ancient knowledge can we correctly understand some language phenomena in classical Chinese and accurately translate a classical Chinese. Read more books, think more and practice more, and you can accurately analyze a classical Chinese.
Just some personal opinions, for reference only.
3. Interpretation in Classical Chinese (original) Sun Shuaiao is ill and he is dying. He warned his son, "If the king sealed me several times, I wouldn't accept it. If he dies for me, the king will seal you up for nothing. Between Chu and Yue, there was a man who slept in a tomb. The place was not good and he had a bad reputation. Jing people are afraid of ghosts, while Yue people believe in ghosts. That's the only way to grow up.
The fruit sealed my son beautifully, but he resigned, so he hasn't lost it so far. Sun Shuaicai knew that he didn't take advantage. He knows that he keeps things that people hate for himself.
Sun Shuai is dying. He warned his son, "The king sealed me several times, but I didn't accept it. After my death, the king will seal you, and you can't accept fertile land. Between the State of Chu and the State of Yue, there was a place where I slept in a mound. This place is barren and has a bad reputation. Chu people are afraid of ghosts, and the longer they believe in ghosts. But what we can have for a long time must be remembered for this reason. Sun Shuai is dead. " King Chu really gave the beautiful land to his son, but his son refused and asked for the barren land as a grave, so it has not been lost until now. Sun Shuai has a deep understanding and knows that this is not for the benefit. Understand that what people hate is what they get.
I'm superstitious about ghosts and gods, so I ask them to bless me.
4. Analysis of the main points of classical Chinese reading "365 Online Q&A Network Teacher" helps you answer the requirements in the exam instructions: 1. Understand the meaning of common notional words in classical Chinese in a specific context. 2. Understand the common content words in classical Chinese (knowledge, qi, harmony, meaning, Yu, Nai, although, Wei, Zhe, He, then, Hu, Ran, and. Summarize the main points of the article. 5. Analyze and summarize the opinions and attitudes expressed by the author in the article. 6. Have your own experience and opinion analysis on the content, language and writing method of the article: 1. Reciting China's classical poems requires that every word is not missed, added, inverted and unchanged; Reciting the sentences of China's classical poems should not only be clear-cut, but also be clear-spoken. In the senior high school entrance examination, you should recite four poems and two articles, paying special attention to reciting famous sentences in the articles. Remember and correct the typos in our previous dictation. 2. To understand and appreciate ancient poems, we should focus on the ancient poems and songs appearing in the reading articles of each textbook, and pay attention to the accumulation of common sense of ancient culture and literature, especially the notes in the textbooks. We should have a good understanding of the appreciation guidance and practice in Diankai Content, and accurately grasp the understanding of the poem, its main content and writing intention, and the author's thoughts and feelings. 3. For some famous articles, you should also know the author's name, life age, article title, etc. 4. Master the meaning of common notional words in classical Chinese and the usage of six function words. The special usage of general ancient Chinese is: polysemy, vague usage, flexible use of parts of speech, and different meanings in ancient and modern times. Therefore, we must pay special attention to these words in the text, and understand and master the usage of 150 content words and six function words in clicking content. Such as judgmental sentences, inverted sentences (preposition object, adverbial post), passive sentences, rhetorical questions, etc. In order to realize the meaning of key notional words and the usage of function words in translation, the tone and sentence pattern of the translation must be consistent with the original. 6. When reading classical Chinese after class, you don't have to be nervous when you encounter words that you can't know or words that you can't remember at once. Understand (guess) the story (article) in connection with the context. Remember that translation cannot be divorced from the article. If there are comments under the selected text, be sure to make full use of the prompt function of the comments. 7. Paragraph reading in class should pay attention to the induction and generalization of the main contents of the selected text. If you are within your control, you can of course answer questions from memory. If your review is not in place or your memory is unclear, you should carefully read the selected articles to collect and process information, and then make a reasonable and brief statement. When reading classical Chinese after class, we should pay attention to the understanding of the truth contained in the article or the induction and refinement of the personality characteristics of the characters in the article.
5. How to analyze classical Chinese? Get a general idea of the meaning of the whole article first, and then you should deliberately remember some words that often appear in classical Chinese. Classical Chinese in junior high school is generally not too difficult. It is particularly important that you memorize the meaning of classical Chinese, whether you know it or not, because you won't understand it in the first grade, but you will understand it later. Classical Chinese is accumulated ~ I didn't understand the meaning of classical Chinese in junior high school, and I will get better slowly. The classical Chinese in junior high school has been memorized. Learning classical Chinese is very important. You'll know in high school later. Reading classical Chinese in college entrance examination is a big problem to open students' scores. Come on, take your time. You can't rush to learn classical Chinese. Candidates for the 2007 college entrance examination stayed (admitted to the university).
6. How to interpret ancient Chinese?
China's ancient literature is vast and full of stars. There are countless famous ancient Chinese articles involved in Chinese textbooks. As modern educators, how do we interpret these ancient masterpieces that are far away from us? I watched the video lesson "The Book of Songs" by two teachers in Jiangsu, and browsed some teachers' homework and comments, expressing their opinions and being colorful! Here, taking the Book of Songs as an example, I would like to talk about my views.
As an earlier work, people's understanding of The Book of Songs is limited. The interpretation of each article is also interpreted by future generations according to their own understanding. There are a hundred shakespeares and a hundred hamlets. Although there is a unified understanding of the text and meaning, differences still exist and some disputes have not stopped. I think teachers can't ignore students' unique understanding and opinions in teaching, and abandon "centralism teaching" and "teacher-centered theory". "Book-only theory", let students read their own experience first, don't rush to read notes after class, refer to translated books, and let students understand for themselves. In the process of thinking, in the exchange and exploration between students, speak freely and express your opinions. As the host of the maze, the teacher presents pictures, pictures, music reading and understanding of the text in time, allowing students to feel the experience according to their own understanding. No answer is the best answer. If there is doubt, there will be doubt, and if there is doubt, there will be an answer. Seek common ground while reserving differences! Maybe in a few years, some literary critics and researchers will emerge among our students! Teaching is uncertain, law is uncertain, learning is endless, and the pursuit of eternity! Our literary predecessors probably hope that future generations can keep discussing their works, rather than hammering out a conclusion.
There is still a problem that is not easy to solve in teaching. How can our students try to think independently, dare to express their personal views and dare to express themselves in class? Students nowadays are too dependent and lazy! Have fun after class and go to school quietly in class. Did the teacher not give them a chance, or did they not seize the opportunity? Everyone should think.
7. Analysis and synthesis of classical Chinese 1. Hunan Volume 20 12 Test Description The test scope of "Reading Ancient Poems" in the "Test Content" section includes "Analysis and Synthesis" and "Appreciation and Evaluation". The former specifically includes three points: (1) filtering the information in the text; (2) Summarize the main points and summarize the central meaning; (3) Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes.
The ability level is C, which includes two points: (1) appreciating the image, language and expression skills of literary works; (2) Evaluate the ideological content of the article and the author's views and attitudes.
The ability level is D-level II, a brief interpretation of 1. "Screening the information in the text" and "screening the information in the text" require candidates to analyze and summarize the content of the article on the basis of reading the original text and accurately grasp the important information in the text.
These important information include: first, the basic concepts and new understandings in the article; The second is the explanation and explanation of important concepts and knowledge; Third, the sentence that best expresses the author's writing intention is the main idea of the article. There are also some sentences that can effectively express the author's point of view and reflect the main idea of the article. They are also important information.
Screening the information in the text, the scope of examination is generally people, time, place, discussion, things, reasons, emotions and so on. Written in the text, and the focus of the examination is on the generalization ability of characters' words and deeds and moral images. Second, "summarize the main points, summarize the central meaning" to summarize the main points, summarize the center, and examine students' understanding of the full text or a key link.
This is the focus of classical Chinese reading, and it is to examine students' comprehensive ability on the basis of understanding, which is more difficult than correctly grasping the meaning of the text. If you simply understand the content of the language, you can only understand the sentences, but you can't further understand the main idea of the reading material, let alone appreciate and evaluate it.
Therefore, it is very important to summarize the meaning of the text on the basis of analysis. In recent years, this kind of induction is often carried out through the understanding of the article.
Summarizing the main points of the content, the choice of examination questions is often an overview of the original content, or whether it is consistent with the original text, which requires candidates to accurately analyze the content of the article, carefully understand, repeatedly scrutinize and make a correct judgment. Third, "analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes in the text", which is also the analysis and synthesis of reading materials. It requires students to analyze and summarize the author's own views when describing an event or explaining a truth, rather than the specific content of the event or the truth itself.
When writing an article, the author may express his views and attitudes in terms of material selection, narrative angle, sentence tone and direct lyric discussion. The author's views and attitudes are sometimes obvious, and sometimes subtle and tortuous, so the difficulty of such problems often increases accordingly.
For example, the eighth question of Hunan College Entrance Examination on 20 1 1 and the eighth question of Tianjin College Entrance Examination on 20 1 are all general analyses of the main points of the article, as well as the author's views and attitudes. Third, the proposition orientation In recent years, the college entrance examination papers have taken the overall grasp of the meaning of the text as the highlight of the classical Chinese reading test. There are generally two questions, which are multiple-choice questions and subjective questions.
The content of the examination mainly focuses on the following three points: first, the screening of information is examined. The most common way is directional examination, that is, several sentences are selected and divided into four groups, and it is required to find a group that all explains a certain problem (words and deeds of characters or moral image, etc.). ). The second is to examine whether the narrative of the overall meaning of the text conforms to the original meaning.
The third is to examine the ability of information analysis and integration in the form of subjective questions. Based on the previous analysis, the "analysis and synthesis" ability of classical Chinese reading in college entrance examination will not change greatly, but it still changes slightly every year. Candidates can make corrections as long as they understand the original text.
Fourth, the college entrance examination classical Chinese analysis comprehensive problem error trap setting reveals that there is often a problem in the college entrance examination classical Chinese reading test. This is to examine the candidates' comprehensive hope that the landlord will adopt it! Thank you.