Brief introduction of Zhu Dongrun.
Zhu Dongrun (1896- 1988) is a famous biographer, literary critic, literary historian, educator and calligrapher. Formerly known as Zhu Shiqun, a native of Taixing County, he was a descendant of Zhu Yifeng, a Dutch invader and governor of Fujian in the Ming Dynasty.
Mr Zhu Dongrun lost his family when he was a child. 1907 was subsidized by his family and admitted to the primary school affiliated to Nanyang Public School. Due to his excellent grades and diligence, Tang, supervisor of Shanghai Nanyang Public School, sponsored him to enter middle school on 19 10. Since then, he dropped out of school because of his poor family and the interruption of funding. During the Revolution of 1911, Zhu Dongrun's third brother was killed by the Qing army for participating in the anti-Qing armed uprising. The death of the third child touched Mr. Zhu Dongrun greatly. Throughout his life, he held the aim of loving the country and the people, opposing autocracy and pursuing democracy. 19 13 In autumn, Mr. Zhu Dongrun joined the British Association for Studying Abroad and went to study in the UK. The following year, he went to southwestern college, London to study and worked as an interpreter after school to help with his tuition. 19 16 At the beginning of this year, Mr. Zhu Dongrun gave up his studies and resolutely returned to China to take part in the struggle against the restoration of Yuan Shikai as emperor. 19 17 In the autumn, Mr. Zhu Dongrun applied to teach in Guangxi Provincial No.2 Middle School, and since then, he has been teaching for more than 70 years. 19 19 Mr. Zhu Dongrun returned to Jiangnan and became a teacher of Nantong Normal School. 65438-0929 became a distinguished lecturer of Wuhan University, and was entrusted by Mr. Wen Yiduo to offer a course on the history of China literary criticism. Later, he was promoted to associate professor and professor. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he reluctantly abandoned his wife and children, angrily left the occupied homeland, bypassed Southeast Asia and went to the southwest to fight for the survival of the nation. 1In August, 942, he was appointed as a professor at Chongqing Central University. /kloc-in the summer of 0/947, he taught at Wuxi Institute of Chinese Studies and later became a professor at Jiangnan University. Professor of cheeloo University 195 1 spring appointment, and professor of Hujiang University in autumn of the same year.
During the adjustment of Chinese universities from 65438 to 0952, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was transferred to the Chinese Department of Fudan University as a professor and became the head of the Chinese Department of Fudan University from 65438 to 0957. After liberation, Mr. Zhu Dongrun devoted himself to the cultural and educational undertakings of the motherland with unprecedented enthusiasm. During the "Cultural Revolution", he experienced inhuman hardships. His beloved wife, Mrs. Zou, died because of being implicated, but Mr. Zhang proudly faced the threat of evil forces and refused to yield. After the downfall of the Gang of Four,1May, 979, Mr. Zhu Dongrun joined the China Producers' Party at the age of 83, which showed his loyal belief in * * * productism, his moral integrity, and his commitment to the world, which reflected his spirit of pursuing truth and attaching importance to science.
198 1, Mr. Zhu Dongrun was hired as a doctoral supervisor by the State Council Academic Degrees Committee. He has served as a member of the first academic evaluation group of the State Council Academic Degrees Committee, a member of the State Council Ancient Books Planning Group, a director of Chinese Writers Association, honorary president of Shanghai Classical Literature Society, director of Shanghai Center of International Pen Club, and editor-in-chief of China Literature and History series.
Mr Zhu Dongrun died on 1988 at the age of 93.
Zhu Dongrun's Outline of the History of China's Literary Criticism is one of the earliest monographs on the history of literary criticism in China, and it is an influential foundational work in the initial period of this discipline. He wrote nearly 10 biographies, which promoted the development of biographical literature in China and was one of the pioneers of modern biographical literature in China.
Zhu Dongrun's life story
Zhu Dongrun (1896- 1988), formerly known as Qin Shi, was born in Taixing, Jiangsu, and studied China ancient literature and various styles. Mr Zhu Dongrun is not only one of the founders of China's literary criticism history, but also the pioneer of China's modern biographical literature.
Zhu Dongrun's concubines are deeply attached.
Zhu Dongrun is a famous biographical historian in China. He is the author of Zhang Chuan, Wang Shouren Chuan, Lu You Chuan, Mei Chuan and other influential biographies. Zhu Dongrun not only described the lives of famous historical figures through his works, but also showed the changes of history and times through the stories of these figures. He is called the first person who really explored the field of modern biographical literature in China. However, among the few well-organized biographies in Zhu Dongrun, one is not about historical celebrities, but a biography of Li Fangzhou. Biography of Li Fangzhou is a rare work in China's biographical history, and it has written a book for ordinary housewives in China. Even Li Fangzhou has no one in history. Her prototype is actually Zou, the wife of 49 years.
1920, a 23-year-old English teacher from Nantong Middle School was arranged by his family to marry Zou, who was four years younger than him. After the marriage, he showed great affection for Zou. They gave birth to four sons and three daughters, and the family lived happily.
1937 Shortly after the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zhu Dongrun was transferred to a university in Sichuan to teach. After eight years of Anti-Japanese War, they separated from Zou for eight years. For eight years, Zou managed family affairs alone. When the bomb of the Japanese plane fell, she told the whole family to hide under the bed in the room and not to go out, but she still got up the courage to run in and out. When prices rise and the currency depreciates, she buys a lot of materials in advance and exchanges them when there are difficulties. Some people think that she works too hard and suggest that she send her children to Zhu Dongrun, Sichuan. She wouldn't listen for fear of an accident on the road. It was not until the end of the Anti-Japanese War that she asked her eldest daughter Zhu Shuyu to visit Zhu Dongrun in Sichuan with a bucket of crab oil boiled by herself, and she melted all her affection in this bucket of crab oil.
During the war, people inevitably felt uneasy. Friends and other teachers in the university, unable to bear the long-term loneliness, jumped out of the cage of arranged marriage and resumed their frontier in Sichuan, but their feelings for Zou remained unchanged. During the past eight years, he often exchanged letters with Zou, sending his love for him. Later, in the Biography of Li Fangzhou, Zhu Dongrun expressed his thoughts about his wife in poetry: the mirror is in Chou-heung, and the book is guarding the building late. I hope he can live a new life and look after moths and eyebrows all his life. In the reality of China at that time, men could pursue another kind of happiness, but it was almost impossible for women. He thought, since one person wants to pursue happiness and another person has the freedom to pursue happiness, why not join hands in pursuing happiness?
1946 Back in Zou, the family was finally reunited. 1949 Shortly after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Zhu Dongrun was transferred to Fudan University as a professor of Chinese Department, and the family lived a happy life for three generations. In the early 1960s, Zhu Dongrun joined a condolence group to visit the construction workers in the northwest. He kept writing letters to Zou, so that Zou, who had never been far away in his life, could share his novel feelings in the northwest. He painted all the costumes of ethnic minorities he saw in the northwest, gave them to Zou, and kept telling her about the situation outside.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/965, Zou, who was nearly seventy years old, visited Nanxiang Ancient Garden to celebrate the life of ancient people, but never expected that this trip would become his last trip with Zou in his lifetime. From 65438 to 0966, the vigorous "Cultural Revolution" storm swept across the country, and Fudan University was no exception. Zhu Dongrun was designated as a reactionary academic authority for the first time, and criticism and struggle immediately became the whole of his daily life. The school student came, let him kneel on the washboard, put a Japanese machete around his neck, and let him admit that he is a ghost. A stubborn old man will never bow his head, but a strong-willed wife has done things that ordinary people can't imagine. Among the posters criticizing Zhu Dongrun by Fudan University, a poster written by Zou appeared. Zou Weiming is unfair, unfair for him and fighting for him. In the poster, she tells how Zhu Dongrun works hard and selflessly, regardless of his own career. He is a good man. People shouldn't treat Zou like this. It's naive to see things. In that era when right and wrong were reversed, her practice was undoubtedly a fire. After liberation, Zou volunteered to help the government set up sewing classes, which solved the employment problem of some people. Later, she set up a staff canteen in Fudan University and worked hard. However, during the Cultural Revolution, her previous behavior was immediately defined as exploitation, and she immediately became the focus of criticism.
Zou, who has a strong character, has never bowed to difficulties in his long life. 1930, the eldest son Junda died of illness. She gritted her teeth and survived the loss of her son. 1948, the second daughter Xiuruo died of illness, but she persisted. During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, she took care of the family affairs by herself, and she was omnipotent and fearless, because behind all this, constant love gave her great encouragement and support, letting her know that there was hope with love, but this time she couldn't save herself. Zou began to feel desperate and she had the idea of suicide. Zhu Dongrun tried every means to encourage her, but he had to go to school every day to accept criticism all day. Zou can't take care of it. His son has to go to work during the day, and his grandchildren have already settled in the countryside. She felt lonely, desperate and scared at home alone, so she chose that road. 1On the afternoon of October 30th, Zou hanged himself at home. All she left Zhu Dongrun was a note that read: Dong Run, I left first, and the money is in my pocket.
At 6 o'clock in the evening, 72-year-old Zhu Dongrun dragged his tired body home and saw his youngest son Junmai waiting for him on the road. Junmai took Zhu Dongrun from Han Road to Guoqing Road, from siping road to Quanguo Road, and finally returned to the dormitory of Guonian Road. Joan said to Zhu Dongrun, "Calm down", and Zhu Dongrun immediately understood what had happened. Zou is gone forever, and this year is only one year away from her 50th golden wedding. Zhu Dongrun was so thin and hoarse that he couldn't speak. The blow of losing Zou has been pestering him for five years, and then he will be relieved a little.
Zou's body was cremated in a hurry, because she committed suicide, and her ashes were not allowed to be preserved, and she even had no right to go to the crematorium to see Zou for the last time. The day after Zou was cremated, a criticism meeting was held in the alley to criticize Zou's exploitation and suicide. Zhu Dongrun described it in his autobiography as follows: After 50 years of husband and wife, I once shed tears because I was far away, but after her death, I didn't shed tears, just smiled. From that day on, I have experienced many hardships until today, but I have never shed tears. Zhu Dongrun said that the spring of his life is gone forever, and there will be no more spring.
The voice and smile of his wife before her death often come to mind. Her innocence, bravery, simplicity and kindness are the noble qualities of countless ordinary housewives in China who have devoted their lives silently to love and family. So lonely and stubborn Zhu Dongrun, regardless of the danger of being raided at any time, began to write a biography for his dead wife. Forced by the situation, he adopted a pseudonym method, and the Biography of Li Fangzhou was born. The Biography of Li Fangzhou didn't end with Zou's death, but stayed at his 70th birthday 1965 and went out with Zou in Nanxiang Ancient Garden, which was their last outing together. "Recalling the past and the beginning of your life, I got off the bus three times and it was beautiful. If you are born, you will die in the same cave, just like the bright sun and the sky. I claim that my life will always be protected, but I am afraid that I will destroy the wind and smoke overnight. Oh! Although this body is mending, it is like the fountain of the old gentleman. " The biography that ended with a poem also found a home for his feelings with Zou.
Half a century of love still failed to resist this political storm, but Zhu Dongrun left an unusual biography in the storm. This book records Zou's hard life, and also places infinite memory on his beloved wife. 1979 1 month, Fudan University held a meeting for Zou Pingfan. When the funeral music sounded, everyone cried, but Zhu Dongrun was awed, because he knew Zou could not hear or see it.
Zhu Dongrun's major works
China Literary Criticism Collection: Republic of China Ming Kai Bookstore, page 36.
Selected Notes on Zuo Zhuan by Zhu Dongrun, Shanghai Classical Literature Publishing House 1956.
Outline of the History of China's Literary Criticism: Shanghai Classical Literature Publishing House 1957
Luyou Research Zhonghua Book Company 196 1
Lu You's Selected Works of Lu You (Song Dynasty), Selected Notes of Zhu Dongrun, Zhonghua Book Company 1962, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1979.
China Literature and History Series, edited by Zhu Dongrun and Qian Bocheng, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1962.
Biography of Lu You, Shanghai Ancient Books 1979, Hainan Publishing House 1993.
Mei Zhuan Zhonghua Book Company 1979
Selected Poems of Mei (Song Dynasty), Selected Notes of Mei, People's Literature Publishing House 1980.
China's literary works of past dynasties are selected from Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1979- 1980.
Mei Zhu of Mei Ji nian, proofreading, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1980.
Selected literary works of China in past dynasties (abridged edition) Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 198 1
Du Fu and Xu Lun People's Literature Publishing House 198 1
The Origin of Three Hundred Poems: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 198 1
Biography of Zhang, Wuhan Hubei People's Publishing House 198 1, Tianjin Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House, 2000.
China Literature Collection of Zhonghua Book Company 1983
Chen Zilong and His Times Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 1984
China Fudan University College 1985
Ye Shengtao, editor-in-chief of Wu, edited A Dictionary of Ancient Chinese Appreciation, Jiangsu Literature and Art Publishing House 1987.
Zhang Chuan Hainan Publishing House 1993
Li Fangzhou Biography Shanghai Far East Publishing House 1996
Textual research on Historical Records East China Normal University Press 1996
calligraphy appreciation
The essay (based on Mr. Zhu Dongrun's famous words, background and materials) about the study and life of the elderly in Zhu Dongrun can't be found online. About 1500 words
Grandpa Zhu Dongrun is a great writer, literary historian, calligrapher and educator.
Stepping into the high threshold of the gate, I saw the quadrangle where grandpa lived. We stood in a small front yard with several bungalows in it. There is also a lawn on the side of the front yard against the wall. There is a small bamboo forest and several weather-beaten trees on the lawn. A clean bedroom, especially the study, is a long bookcase filled with books that grandpa has turned over countless times. It's still clean and tidy, without any sundries.
There are a series of figures about Grandpa Zhu Dongrun, namely "one", "two", "three" and "four". "One" refers to a person, and this person is the famous grandfather Zhu Dongrun. On February 4th, Grandpa Zhu Dongrun came here. "Two" refers to two famous sayings of Grandpa Zhu Dongrun: 1. People can't be arrogant, but they can't be without pride. 2. A scholar has two major events in his life: being a man and learning. Being a man is always the first, and people's talents are high and low, but being a man cannot be sloppy. No matter how good a person's article is, his character is not good enough, so it is not good enough. "Three" means that Grandpa Zhu Dongrun loves the motherland, the Party and his hometown. Grandpa loves his hometown deeply and deeply, just like mountains and seas. Four is four stories, one of which is about grandpa being criticized as the first batch of "reactionary bourgeois authorities" in Fudan University at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution. Grandpa stood in awe and sternly retorted, "My' authority' is barely one." "Reactionary", not necessarily. "The rebel leader became angry from embarrassment, put a Japanese saber around his grandfather's neck and asked," Who are you? " Grandpa stubbornly said, "I am the head of the Chinese Department. "This great man who added luster to Taixing died on 1928 at the age of 92.
Grandpa Zhu Dongrun was a famous calligrapher when he was alive. He made up his mind to practice calligraphy well because he didn't give his teacher a beautiful calligraphy before he died. But for me, I just can't make a decision. Every time you persist for a period of time, you will give up halfway, and you will regret it if you think about it.
I really admire Grandpa Zhu Dongrun. It's amazing that he can make great achievements in such a bad environment! Grandpa Zhu Dongrun, you are the pride of Taixing and an example in my heart.
Who's Zhu Dongrun?
Zhu Dongrun (1896- 1988), formerly known as Zhu shiqun, was born in Taixing, Jiangsu. 19 13 studied in southwestern college, London, England. 1965438+returned to China in 2006, and worked as a professor in Wuhan University, Central University and cheeloo university successively. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a professor at Fudan University for a long time. Before his death, he was a member of the first degree evaluation group in the State Council, a member of the ancient books planning group in the State Council, and the editor-in-chief of Selected Literary Works of China in Past Dynasties and On the Literature and History of China. He is a famous educator, biographer, literary historian, one of the founders and calligrapher in the history of literary criticism in China. His major works include Outline of the History of China's Literary Criticism, Essays on China's Literary Criticism, Essays on China's Literature, Complete Works of Zhu Dongrun and Selected Calligraphy of Mr. Zhu Dongrun.