What is the origin of Jinniu Road? How was it dug up? In what way?

Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, traveled to Sichuan and had a deep understanding of the steep road in Sichuan! Li Bai recorded in "Difficult Travel in Shu": Alas, the danger is high! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky! Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age! Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai. And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, all the way to the peak of Emei. Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked. The poem "An earthquake breaks once and brave people lose, and then ladders and stone piles are connected" refers to Jinniu Road!

"Stone cow dung, gold, five tripod, clear the road" This is the origin of the name Jinniu Road. It is said that there is a Shi Niu in the State of Qin who can pull out the golden Baba, so it is called Taurus. The State of Qin gave the Taurus to the King of Shu, so the King of Shu sent five warriors to build Qinchuan Road to meet the Taurus. Finally, Qin Jun entered Shu through Jinniu Road, destroyed Shu and Ba, and brought Bashu into the rule of Qin. Jinniu Road is 600 kilometers long, starting from Hanzhong, Shaanxi and reaching Chengdu, Sichuan. Among them, the section at the junction of Sichuan and Shaanxi is the steepest, which Li Bai called "ladder-stone overlapping".

Jinniu Road is the product of Qin's strategy of advancing southward. The powerful Qin State in history has been expanding its territory. As early as the times, Qin had already controlled Xirong, and there was no strategic space for developing westward. Qin's eastward development was blocked by Jin and Wei, and the battle between Qin and Wei in Hexi, Qin Jin, made Qin suffer heavy losses and could not be exported to the East. Qin developed southward, crossing the Qinling Mountains into Shu, and then attacking Pakistan from Shu. Qin Benji records that in thirteen years, Shu was captured and Nanzheng was taken. Nanzheng at that time was now Hanzhong, in the thirteenth year of Qin Dynasty, in 386 BC.

When Qin Huiwen became king, the development of Qin to the southeast caused fierce controversy! Zhang Yi, the prime minister, advocated developing eastward, cutting a piece of meat from South Korea first. General Sima Cuo advocated the development to the south, first capturing Bashu, and then capturing Chu along the Yangtze River. At this time, Shu came to Qin to help destroy Ba, and Ba also came to Qin to help destroy Shu. Finally, Qin and Shu worked hard to repair Jinniu Road in Sichuan. Of course, Shu contributed more manpower and material resources than Qin. Qin Jun entered Shu via Jinniu Road, first destroying Shu and then destroying Ba; Prime Minister Zhang Yi built Jiangzhou City in Chaotianmen (3 16 BC), which is the earliest city building history in Chongqing.

Qin's civil engineering technology has always been ahead of the six eastern countries. A branch of Mohism joined the State of Qin after Shang Yang's political reform, and built Xianyang, the King of Qin! Therefore, the restoration of Jinniu Road needs the participation of Mohism, which is very easy for the earthwork, that is, manual excavation and manual tamping. There were no explosives in the Warring States period, so it was difficult to cut mountains and split stones. Qin people burned stones with strong kerosene (petroleum), and poured cold water on them after burning. After repeated several times, the stone was crisp, and then the lime was manually dug and transported away. Shu people also beat stones with iron tools and cut a passage on the mountainside; Or make a hole in the rock and install a plank road!

Now there are many high-speed links between Sichuan and Shaanxi. During my college years, I worked as an intern on Dashan Expressway and participated in the construction of a tunnel. Dashan Expressway starts from Luojiang, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province, passes through Xuanhan County and Wanyuan City, and then enters Shaanxi Province through Dabashan Tunnel. Now it is very convenient to enter Sichuan and Shaanxi. I believe Li Bai will never sigh that the Shu Road is difficult to pass!