1. activation is a process to enhance the surface activity of materials and improve their adsorption, reaction or catalytic performance. Compared with modification, modification is to modify the whole material to change its original characteristics or give it new functions.
2. Activation is to change the surface chemical properties of substances, increase surface active sites or change the surface structure, while modification is to adjust the structure or performance of materials through chemical reaction, physical treatment and adding dopants, with different properties.