This paper will introduce Li Wei, the backbone figure of Zhexi Ci School in Qing Dynasty. Let's take a look at this poem "Hundred Characters Order" which is called "unclear and handsome" by Chen Tingzhuo in "White Jade Zhai Thorn".
Qilitan: Also known as Qililong, in today's Yanling Mountain, Tonglu County, Zhejiang Province, two mountains are sandwiched with water and the water is swift.
Tongjiang: The section of Fuchun River that flows through Tonglu County is called Tongjiang.
Gao Dun (reading, Zhuo Zhuo): The footprint of an expert.
Wanlai: all kinds of sounds in nature. Ley's voice came from the hole.
Crane dream: refers to the yearning for otherworldly. Tang Sikong's On Poetry with Li Sheng: "The ground is cool and the crane dreams clearly, and Lin Jing is a monk."
Press (read, take ná) sound: refers to the pick sound.
Xiyan Fisherman: Also known as Yan Guang and Yan Ziling, he was born in Gaoshi. Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty, was an old classmate, assisting Guangxu Emperor Zhongxing. After that, he lived in seclusion by the Fuchun River and cultivated and fished by himself. Liu Xiu invited him to be an official many times, but he declined.
Sunseeker Society: After Xie Ao's death in the Southern Song Dynasty, the location of the famous member was called Sunseeker Society, which took the meaning of belief in the late tide period. After Wen Tianxiang's death, Xie Ao went to Tongjiang West Station to pay homage to Zhu Bird Song.
This poem was written by Li E in memory of Gao Shi, and it is also one of Li E's representative works. Regarding the meaning of words, I want to associate the text with the small note. From the perspective of understanding alone, there should be nothing particularly sharp.
At the beginning of the last film, it is clear that this is an autumn night tour and the destination is Tongjiang. The purpose of this trip is to "write the lofty ideals of that year", in order to remember and pay tribute to the footprints of the nobles. Then, Li E said that "the wind and dew are not in the world", and what the eyes see and see is not the scenery that ordinary people can see. Just at this time, the author "blows bamboo at the bow." Let's look at "a mountain gives birth to the morning, a star enters the water, and the crane dream continues." How extraordinary this person is and how harmonious it is with this scene. All the sounds in the world come from the mountains on both sides. The man sitting on the flute is looking at the reflection of the stars and the moon on the water. The sound of pulp in the distance is getting farther and farther away, so I can't hear clearly. The rocks on the west side of the river caught the author's attention. I guess this is where Yan Ziling used to fish and spend the night. The realm created by the whole Shangque is really handsome, and it is not an exaggeration to say that it is not like being on earth.
The next film, before the head change, also remembered another Gao Shi Xie Ao. But it's a pity that now, on this autumn night by the Tonglu River, Yan Ziling and Xie Ao are all gone, leaving only the author wandering on the Fuchun River, which is a kind of loneliness from a thousand-year-old bosom friend.
Next, I still write the scenery, but compared with the macro scene in the last film, the scenery here is mostly specific shots, and some cold fireflies fly over several huts at the front entrance. The surrounding Woods are as clean as smoke, and the high mountains seem to limit the moon from finding it here, but there is still moonlight flowing down. The reflection of the sail in the water is swaying the reflection of the mountain peak under the moon, which is more ethereal. Through such a far, near, high and low perspective transformation, the clearness, coldness, handsomeness and elegance of this occasion are fully displayed.
As for the ending, "the wind is blowing and the white clouds are still lying in the deep valley." Those white clouds floating in the wind are still resting in the valley. This sentence can be said to be true, but I personally prefer to write in vain, which is imagined by Li E. The deep valley and white clouds that are unwilling or "floating in the wind" are used to compare the nobles who live in Tongjiang. In this way, in addition to the original elegant and handsome, the word adds a kind of "unfinished" beauty.
Now, what is "elegance"? Clear but not dry, elegant but not vulgar, cold but not thin, empty and cold, but beautiful and delicious, this is elegance. Li E's ci has such characteristics.
Li E, a native of Qiantang, is known as Xie Fan and Huayin in Nanhu. He was born on the second day of May in the 31st year of Kangxi (1692 June 16) and died on September 11th in the 17th year of Qianlong (1752 June 17).
Li E's family was very poor. After his young father died, his brother asked him to become a monk. Because of Li E's strong resistance, it didn't succeed in the end, but it aroused Li E's desire to learn. He is clever, and with hard work, he is ok. It is recorded that he "studied for several years, that is, he learned poetry and had good sentences." He said that he was "reading everything, and all his income was spent on poetry." So he had a poem title when he was young.
At the age of 20, Li E studied in Kean, Hangzhou, further expanding her knowledge. During this period, Li E and Hang Shijun, son of Hang Keen, shared the same interests and became lifelong friends. Of course, after studying abroad, Li E's poetry creation was not idle. I wrote a hundred poems about immortals at the age of twenty, that's right.
The theme of immortals' poems has always been a very distinctive theme in Chinese traditional poems, mainly roaming in fairyland, and of course meeting immortals in some famous mountains and rivers. People have written poems about immortals in past dynasties, such as Guo Pu in Wei and Jin Dynasties and Cao Yao in Tang Dynasty. Li Taibai, a famous Chinese poet, has also written many poems about immortals, such as "I am a madman in Chu and sang a crazy song to argue Confucius" ("Lu Shan Ge Yu Shi Lu Xuzhou").
Some of them ran away and went straight to the point. At the age of 20, Li E wrote "Hundred Poems of Wandering Immortals", but it may be the freedom of wandering immortals that makes him nervous. It wasn't long before he wrote "One Hundred Poems of Wandering Immortals". Well, that's enough this time. It seems that it is enough, so Li Yan should also temporarily stop wandering around the fairy. But we were wrong. A few years later, at the age of twenty-four, Li E's long-cherished "Feelings of Wandering Immortals" was released again, and he wrote "Wandering Immortals Come Again". In this way, before the age of 25, Li E and his classmates had visited immortals for 300 times. Now that I think about it, some people later called Li E "the old fairy of Fan Xie", which may be the reason.
However, Li E's career was not so smooth. In the fifty-ninth year of Kangxi (1720) and the first year of Qianlong (1736), Li E had two opportunities to go to Beijing. The first time I went to Beijing to take the exam after my promotion, and the second time I was recommended by Cheng Yuanzhang, the governor of Zhejiang Province. But for various reasons, Li E entered Beijing. However, being an official seems to have little influence on Li Wei. He said: "I don't feel official, but now I have a quiet and careless nature, and I am willing to finish my work."
Although he was not an official, Li E was very famous at that time, and many people in Jie Jun were willing to make friends with him. Yangzhou salt merchants Yan and Lu were among them, and the family was rich in books. It is said that when Siku Quanshu Library was established, Ermayina used more than 700 kinds of books donated by private individuals for the first time in China. With such advantages and charm, Li E, a good reader, became a frequent visitor to Ermayina's home. During this period, Li E discussed history, traveled and sang together with Yu Quan, Hang Shijun and others.
Like many poets in ancient China, Li E suffered from poverty and illness in his later years. Moreover, his beloved wife Zhu Ji also died before him. He wrote twelve mourning poems for his dead wife Zhu Ji, which can be described as blood and tears. This period is also the peak of Li E's creation. Chronicle of Song Poetry and Collection of Liao History were also very popular at that time. Aside from his poetic achievements, these two books alone are enough to make him famous in history.
Li E has made great achievements in Ci. He is a representative and leader in the mid-West Zhejiang Ci circle. Miao Hao Ci Chao, co-edited with Cha, was a masterpiece of Ci after Zhu Yizun's Ci Comprehensive at that time, and was also included in Sikuquanshu. As a poet, Li E advocated learning from Jiang Kui and Zhang Yan, living in the Southern Song Dynasty, and integrating "Qing" and "Ya" into his ci, thinking that ci should be elegant and graceful. There is no doubt that without Li E, Qing Ci will still prosper, but this kind of ZTE may lose a kind of elegance and a kind of fairy spirit.
Although Li E's achievements were mainly in ci, his poems were enough to make him famous in the world at that time. Hang Shijun, his good friend, once said, "Among scholars, I in Shi Yousan are the best in the world. The poem of Taihong, the ancient prose of Zhiwei, and the textual research of Shao Yizhi are unparalleled. " Li E left "Xie Fan Mountain Residence Collection", which was also rated as "Ten Poems and Nine Scenes". Zhang wrote in the poem "Two Crys": "Contemporary coquettish hands have a heart of mountains and rivers all their lives." . From this, we can see Li See's achievements in poetry.