The cemetery trees in the cemetery cover the graves of many officials in previous dynasties; High and low young crops filled the palaces of the Six Dynasties.
The snail spreads Yun Ni's wings, and it rains for a while and clears up for a while; The finless porpoise added fuel to the flames in the river. The night was deep and a cold wind came.
The emperors of past dynasties are gone forever, and the luxurious imperial life has disappeared without a trace. Only the surrounding green hills are the same as they were then. Jinling is the ancient capital of Sun Wu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the transfer of political center, there was no prosperity of the Six Dynasties. The rise and fall of Jinling has become the topic of many poets in later generations. Generally speaking, a poem praising Jinling refers to a scene. Xu Hun's seven methods are "careless writing" and "inclusive" (Yu Biyun's A Brief Introduction to Poetic Realm), which are highly artistic.
The poem traces the history that Chen was destroyed by Sui soldiers, and describes the scene that the last small court in the Southern Dynasties was destroyed by the decadent music "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu". In 589 AD, Sui Jun captured Jinling. The song "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" has not been finished, but the end of Jinling has come. The army of the Sui Dynasty almost reached the outside of Jingyang Palace, and the Yugoslav capital was in name only, so it surrendered easily and the Chen Dynasty perished. This is the beginning of Jinling's prosperity and decline, and the whole poem begins with this, which is the key to grasp it well.
Zhuan Xu described the decline of Jinling. Pine tree, a tree on the grave. When the poet climbed to the top of the mountain, he saw pine and cypress weeds in the distance, and the palace was in ruins. The prosperity of the Southern Dynasties has become a historical relic.
The first two couplets adopted the anti-Rafa method in the content arrangement: first, they recalled the distant yearning for the history of the former dynasty, and then they added the scenery in front of them that caused this distant yearning. This highlights the turning point of Jinling's rise and fall and its historical lessons.
The necktie sums up the changes of the world in a metaphorical way. Here, the words "Fu" and "Blow" are vividly written, and the words "Yi" and "Huan" are implicitly written. "Blowing Clouds" describes the image of Shiyan sweeping in the rain, while "Blowing Waves" shows the imposing manner of finless porpoises. "Sunny rain" means "cloudy with rain", and "returning to the wind at night" obviously means "it is windy in the sky". "finless porpoise" and "Shiyan" symbolize omnipotent figures in history, such as the heroes mentioned by William. These two sentences show the rise and fall of human society and the rise and fall of dynasties through the changes in The Storm on the River.
At the beginning of the couplet, the poet expressed his feelings about prosperity and extinction. Heroes refer to emperors who once occupied Jinling. Both Jinling and Luoyang are surrounded by mountains and have similar topography, so Li Bai's "Three Poems of Jinling" has the poem "There are many mountains like Luoyang". "Only the green hills seem to be in the middle of waterinfo", which means that the topography of Jinling today is similar to that of the Six Dynasties except for mountains and rivers, and everything else is quite different. Jiangshan does not change, things are different, and I am deeply touched.
This "Seven Laws of Nostalgia" is very skillful in choosing images and tempering words. For example, the two couplets in the middle reflect the changes of society with natural scenery, but the techniques and scenery are quite different: the couplets are portrayed intuitively by Fu, and the necklace gets the implied effect with the help of Bixing; Pine and millet are common plants in reality, while rock and finless porpoise are legendary magical and grotesque animals. In this way, not only a variety of colorful images are written, but also a mysterious and romantic atmosphere is set off. In terms of refining characters, taking the first couplet as an example, "disability" and "emptiness" reflect the corruption of the Chen Dynasty from two aspects: cultural life and military facilities, and their writing shows the scene of the decline of Jinling City before Chen's death: the word "harmony" overwhelmed Mount Tai, showing the power of Enemy at the Gates, an army of the Sui Dynasty; And "The End of Wang Qi" corresponds to the "luxury" of the last couplet describing Jinling.
References:
1, Yu Qingyuan. Selected readings of 300 Tang poems. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Ancient Books Publishing House, 1988: 183.