Syndrome of wind-cold binding the lung: wind-cold invades the lung, the lung qi sinks, and the lung surface is out of harmony, resulting in cough, thin and white expectoration, fever, aversion to cold, head and body pain, etc.
Syndrome of cold pathogen invading lung: cold pathogen invading lung, lung qi failing to be known, Yang Qi depression, often manifested as cough and asthma, thin and white phlegm, chills and cold limbs.
The cause of disease
Wind-cold binding lung syndrome: wind is the root of all evil, often combined with cold evil, invading human body. The lung focuses on the upper position, the nose is enlightened, and the moss is closed to the outside. Wind-cold syndrome in which pathogenic wind-cold enters from the muscle surface or the fur of the nose and mouth, leading to lung depression and stagnation of defensive qi. Therefore, Zhang Jingyue said, "Exterior syndrome refers to pathogenic factors entering from the outside, and common wind, cold and heat, damp and heat, and pathogenic factors also ... Yin evil turns to cold, and cold hurts ... superficial ones are fur, while deep ones are meridians. Therefore, those who suffer from exogenous cold, but the disease is warm-up pain, are also injured by cold evil. As the saying goes, "cold is the cause of stagnation, and if you are not angry, you will be angry ..." However, for people with exogenous six evils, cold is the most important, shielding the wind is the long-term cause of all diseases, and cold is the gas that kills Li. There are zang-fu organs in the human body and meridians outside, and any guest of evil spirits must first give up his fur; To stay and not go is to enter Sun Luo; Staying without going is entering the collaterals, and staying without going is entering the meridians; Then the five zang-organs are connected and scattered in the stomach, and both yin and yang are felt, and the five zang-organs are injured. This evil is the second time from outside to inside. However, if the pathogenic factors are exterior, there must be exterior syndrome. 」
Cold pathogen invading lung syndrome: cold is yin pathogen, which can not only damage muscle surface, but also directly invade viscera. The lung is fine and dirty, "its nature hates cold, heat, dryness and dampness" (Guide to Clinical Medical Records). Cold pathogen invades the lung, lung propaganda is not smooth, and cold pathogen is easy to hurt Yang Qi, so it is easy to form internal cold syndrome. As Su Wen in Huangdi Neijing said: "Fur is the combination of lungs, and fur is first affected by evil spirits, and evil spirits follow." Its cold diet enters the stomach, from lung pulse to lung, which is lung cold, and lung cold is the evil of exterior and interior, so it is lung point. 」
pathogenesis
Syndrome of wind-cold binding lung: wind-cold attacking exterior, inhibiting Wei-yang, tepid skin, stagnation of ying-qi, disharmony between Wei and exterior, and impassability of acupoints. Therefore, Jingyue Quanshu said, "Anyone who is newly diagnosed with typhoid fever will enter from the outside with its cold and hurt its surface." Cold pathogens enter from the outside, and will gradually deepen from the outside, so they will enter the fur first, then the meridians, then the bones and muscles, and then the viscera, and then they will be very ill. Therefore, anyone suffering from typhoid fever will have fever at first, aversion to cold and no sweat, aversion to fur, and physical illness; Gradually, the tendons are tense, the joints in the head and back are painful, evil enters the meridians, and the disease is also in the camp. Madam's defense line is outside the pulse, while her camp line is inside the pulse. If she lives here with cold evil, her qi and blood will be chaotic, and the meridians will stagnate, so the exogenous diseases will be like this. If the lungs are not clear, the lung qi will go up, because "the lung qi must be clear" (medical law), "only natural righteousness can be tolerated, but foreign rituals cannot be tolerated, and rituals will choke and cough" (medical three classics). Therefore, the pathogenesis of wind-cold binding lung syndrome can be roughly divided into two aspects: one is that the exterior and interior of wind-cold binding lung are different, and the other is that pathogenic factors make the lung inconspicuous. If the syndrome of wind-cold binding the lung is difficult to understand, the exterior cold enters the interior, the cold blocks the lung qi and the airway is blocked, then asthma will be triggered, as the Pulse Diagnosis and Treatment Law says: "The symptoms of wind-cold asthma are headache and body pain, body cold and fever, no sweat and aversion to cold, asthma with expectoration and shortness of breath." If the lung's descending function is dereliction of duty, which affects the conduction of water and body fluids, and water blocks the lung, and dampness accumulates phlegm and turbidity, it is easy to form exogenous cold, and there are symptoms of stopping drinking and blocking the lung, and even head and face edema, or the evil of phlegm, hides the lung system inside, and exogenous cold triggers latent drinking and induces asthma.
Syndrome of cold pathogen invading lung: lung is attacked by cold pathogen, lung qi is stagnant, cold is confined in lung, lung fails to descend, and airway is unfavorable; Cold hurts yang and yin is cold. In short, the pathogenesis of cold pathogen invading lung can be divided into two aspects: first, cold pathogen invading lung and lung blocking qi; First, the internal cold is too strong. If the cold pathogen is excessive, it can also hurt the stomach, affect the function of digestion, and "gradually cause vomiting, anorexia and fullness" (Jing Yue Quan Shu); It can also stay in meridians and joints, forming arthralgia syndrome or spasm syndrome of poor qi and blood circulation; If the cold pathogen goes straight into it, there will be acute syndromes such as limb syncope and diarrhea. Therefore, "Analogy and Treatment" said: "Those who suffer from typhoid fever and go straight into the Yin meridian have cold hands and feet, thin pulse, diarrhea and clear valley, which is called moderate cold, and Zhongjing is called acute warmth, which should be reversed. 」
identification point
Syndrome of wind-cold binding lung: cough, heavy voice, thin and white expectoration, stuffy nose and runny nose, head and body pain, slight fever and aversion to cold, anhidrosis, white or thin coating and tight pulse. The clinical features are cough, thin and white expectoration, and wind-cold exterior syndrome.
Syndrome of cold pathogen invading lung: cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, thin and white phlegm, cold limbs, pale tongue with white coating and slow pulse. The combination of sudden cough, asthma and interior cold syndrome is the focus of syndrome examination.
discriminant analysis
Both wind-cold syndrome and cold pathogen invading the lung are located in the lung, and the etiology is related to "cold", so the clinical symptoms are cough, thin white expectoration, aversion to cold and white fur. However, due to the different lesions of the disease, the clinical symptoms are also different from the outside to the inside.
Wind-cold binding lung syndrome: wind-cold attacking lung health, binding lung qi, not expressing depression, and coughing due to adverse qi, so the cough is clear, thin and white; "Classically," all the internal organs make people cough. "The lung is close to the outside, and it is close to the fur, and the fur likes evil, so the lung alone is easy to cough" ("Prepare a thousand daughters"). "Cough Prescription of Medical Prescription" also said: "The moss is the combination of the lungs, and the moss is cold. First, it hurts the lung qi, so it is cough." The lungs began to understand the nose, the lungs lost their propaganda, and the upper orifices were unfavorable, so the nose was blocked, the nose was clear and the sound was heavy. "The wind-sensitive person has a heavy nasal congestion, and the cold-injured person is miserable and afraid of the cold ..." (Straight) The wind-cold is bound to the muscle surface, and it is difficult to restrain it, so it is abhorrent to the cold; The evil spirits are orthogonal, so they are hot; If the acupoints are blocked, you won't sweat; The wind and cold attack, the muscle surface meridian qi and blood are not smooth, so the head and body ache; Zhang Jingyue said: "Those who suffer from wind and cold have no sweat and cough, and they close their fur with yin evil." "Zhao Li Hebi" also said: "The disease of cold is caused by external evil, and the evil is lighter and shallower than fur, starting with a cold. Fur is the combination of lung and nose. Therefore, it can be seen that the nasal congestion is heavy and the evil is outside; If you cough with phlegm, asthma, evil is also included. Thin white fur, tight pulse, is the image of wind-cold bundle.
Syndrome of cold pathogen invading lung: cold pathogen invading lung, lung failing to descend, pathogen blocking lung system, unfavorable airway, lung qi rushing up, cough and asthma; Cold hurts Yang Qi, so it can't warm water and drink, which affects the distribution of water and body fluids in the lungs. Therefore, when water and drinks stop accumulating into phlegm, the expectoration is thin and white. Therefore, Zhang Jingyue said, "The lungs dominate the fur and occupy the upper jiao, so the evil spirits commit the upper jiao and die." Cold pathogen injures yang, and yin and cold stagnate, so the limbs are cold; Yang deficiency is not conducive to the operation of qi and blood, and qi and blood are not proud of the tongue, so the tongue is pale and white with fur; Cold congeals the pulse, so the pulse is slow.
As far as clinical symptoms are concerned, although both of them have cough, the syndrome of cold pathogen invading the lung is often accompanied by severe cough, and there will be lung obstruction syndrome such as wheezing and chest tightness, which is caused by cold pathogen inhibiting lung qi. Generally speaking, wind-cold syndrome with lung bundle has no symptoms of dyspnea. Both of them have aversion to cold syndrome, but the wind-cold syndrome is limited to the lung, because the lesion is only between the lung and the Wei, and there are also exterior syndromes, both of which are caused by the stagnation of Wei-yang, so aversion to cold and fever are common; There is no exterior syndrome of cold pathogen invading the lung, because the lesion is completely in the lung. Because the cold injury is excessive in yang and yin, the cold limbs are cold but not hot, and the cold symptoms are serious.
Besides the symptoms of lung system, wind-cold syndrome and cold pathogen invading lung syndrome also have exterior symptoms: fever, aversion to cold, stuffy nose, no sweat, head and body pain, thin and white fur and tight pulse; The latter also has internal cold syndrome: cold form, cold limbs, pale tongue with white fur and slow pulse. In a word, the clinical manifestations of cold pathogen invading lung syndrome include two aspects: one is cough, asthma and chest tightness caused by lung obstruction; One is internal cold syndrome. The clinical manifestations of wind-cold binding lung syndrome can also be divided into two aspects: first, the lungs invaded by exogenous pathogens failed to be declared; First, wind-cold exterior syndrome.
As far as the pathogenesis of wind-cold syndrome and cold pathogen invading the lung is concerned, the pathogenesis of wind-cold syndrome is: wind-cold attacking the exterior, disharmony between Wei and exterior, evil damaging the lung, failure to declare lung decline, failure to clear spleen and lung qi rushing up. If the exterior cold enters the interior, it is easy to form cold pathogen invading the lungs, or if the exterior syndrome is unclear, it will be transformed into interior heat, forming heat pathogen blocking the lungs, or the lungs are unevenly distributed. Or sleep, cold-induced asthma. The pathogenesis of cold pathogen invading lung syndrome is as follows: cold pathogen blocks lung system, airway is blocked, lung fails to declare and descend, and lung qi rises and falls; Cold hurts yang, and the internal cold is too strong. If a cold hurts the stomach, it will cause vomiting, anorexia and fullness. If the cold stays in the joints, it will cause arthralgia syndrome or spasm syndrome, and even the cold pathogen will go straight to the middle epigastrium, forming cold Jue syndrome.
As far as medical history and course of disease are concerned, as far as wind-cold syndrome and cold pathogen invading lung syndrome are concerned, the former is due to wind-cold pathogen, and its disease starts from the exterior, with slow onset, mild illness and short course of disease; Because of cold pathogen, the latter disease is more acute, mostly acute attack, and the course of disease is longer. As far as the etiology is concerned, the former pays equal attention to both wind and cold, while the latter is only cold. The former is exterior cold syndrome, while the latter is interior cold syndrome.
For the syndrome of wind-cold binding lung, Su Xing Powder (a febrile medicine) should be used to dispel wind and cold, disperse lung and relieve cough. For the syndrome of cold pathogen invading the lung, Gai Hua Powder (and the prescription) should be used to warm the lung and dispel cold, relieve cough and asthma.