This provides favorable conditions for classical Chinese reading review and should be fully utilized. For many years, the theme of classical Chinese reading articles has been biography. Mastering the words that often appear in such articles is helpful for students to read and understand classical Chinese.
Now these keywords are classified as follows. Please refer to 1 for students' review. Appointment: recruit, create, inspect, promote, call, recommend, advance, weigh, supplement, make, replace, do, change official position: 1) Appointment: grant, worship, remove, seal 2) Promotion. 5) Requisition, dismissal, strike, exemption, dismissal, abolition, etc. 6) Recovery: recovery, etc. 7) Resignation: resignation, career, long vacation, retirement, returning home, begging for bones. 3. Salary-related: salary, salary, rank and salary. 4. On behalf of the supervisor: knowledge, code and master. 5. Represents the social state: domination, chaos, prosperity and decline. 6. Representing ethnic minorities: barbarians, barbarians, military and feudalism. 7. The identity of the representative: noble, humble, humble, official, gentry. Cunning, sitting still, flattery, flattery, flattery 9. Show the character's character: conduct, virtue, morality, chastity, purity (honesty), lewdness (extravagance), greed (turbidity) 10. Related to the Imperial Examination: Gong 13. Zan: Duo, Hao, Shuo, Yu, He, Nuo, Tan 14. Hate, disgust, derogatory, title (hate), resentment, disease, hatred, anger, curse 15. Dance 18. Express anger, anger, annoyance, resentment, crying, cutting, scolding, blaming, suffering, reluctance, criticism, and ... express punishment: open your mouth, reform, resentment, curse. Luo, satin, qi, yarn, belt, silk, silk, silkworm, mulberry and other 23 kinds. Table and bed: box, number, bed, folding ... 24. Table and bed: step, posture, walk, escape, die, escape and move. Recommendation 28. Horse-related: horse, pony, stability, strategy, restraint, shelter, escape, control, empire, driving, iron, frog 29. Fear, fear, fear, terror, disease, suddenly 30. Reveal Kim. 33. Death: (open) collapse, landslide, death, death, failure, failure, death, death 34. Related to the capital: Forbidden, Que, Ji, Jing, Gyeonggi, 35. Arrive somewhere: secret 40. Watch wear: wan ku, cloth, knots, shoes, seals, ribbons, crowns, scarves, gifts, hats, with 4 1. Watchhouse: Yu, She, Guan and Zhai. 44. It means rich food, rich food, rich food, rich food, rich food, food, shame, vegetables, fruits and fat. 46. It means feeling full.
Killing, presiding, photographing and assisting three divisions: Tai Wei and Situ Sikong Tai Wei: Military leaders are well known: state-level officers. Knowledge and management of Shangshu: Master Book of Six Chiefs: Secretary of Langzhong: Left and Right Members of Shangshu's Subordinate: Governor of Tang Dynasty: Commanding the Chief Executive and Military Chief of a Province: Assistant to the Governor of Qing Dynasty: Official Palace Guard Eunuch: Palace Attendant, also known as eunuch Taishi: Recording History, Guan Wenshou Taishou: County Chief Executive, Six Departments: Official, Household, Ritual, Soldiers, Punishment and Workers. County magistrate: the chief executive at the county level. Foreign affairs: Bachelor Hanlin, Shangshu Xiaeunuchs: in charge of documents, books, reading physician. His power is second only to that of the Prime Minister. Captain: imperial academy, the military chief of the Han Dynasty. Central educational institution, central province: The central administrative organ 49 indicates that talents or abilities can be valued (not reused).
Example: (Mao Jie) Less county officials, in the name of Qing Dynasty. The biography of the reflection of Mao Jie is famous for ... it is famous for some talents.
Exodus: Nothing. The slaughter was extraordinary. "Promoting Weaving" (3) is different: it is strange to think that talent is unique.
Example: Taizu set up Jingzhou. I heard that it was Zhang Xianmou, but it was different and became the prime minister's main book. The reflection of Shu Wei Hener Chen Lu Zhuan (4) see "Know People and Discuss the World".
Example: (Tian Dan) doesn't know Linzi City. (200 1 college entrance examination) 50. That you might be jealous or persecuted.
(1) Hazard: jealousy. Exodus: Feng Jingzhi is a disaster.
Historical Records Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng (2) Short: Speak ill of someone. Example: It was held short by the lucky ministers Cheng and Yu Chaoen.
Guo Ziyi Biography of New Tang Dynasty (3) Gap: There is a gap with someone. There is a gap between Rong and He.
"Purple Tongzhi Han Jianji 57" (4) thorn: 1 sue. Example: Counties are short and long.
(1996 college entrance examination paper) ② business card. Example: 5 1 means to handle a case or stand trial for a crime.
2. Who has the explanation and examples of senior high school classical Chinese 120 notional words (1)/loving son, choosing a teacher and teaching (love) 2 Qin loves luxury, people are homesick (like, like) 3 Although Qi is small, why do you love cows (pity,
Hide) 2- An 1 The wind and rain don't move, why should Anrushan (stable) 2 put people in a secluded place? (Safe) 3 Then rest for one night (Comfortable) 4. It is best to be peaceful and make a good alliance (comfort) 5. Wang Ping camped ten miles from the mountain. The general greeted him, and he wanted to be safe. Food and clothing (medical care) 8. He make-safe) 3- 65438 times when he came. Double) 3 How to accompany Zheng with dead neighbors (through "double", increase) 4 Every festive season, I miss my relatives (more and more). "Sun Tzu's Art of War, Tactics and Raiders" said: "The method of using soldiers: ten encirclement, five attacks, and different times; The enemy can fight, few can escape, and cannot be avoided. "
That is, the general principles and methods of using force are: surround the enemy when the strength is ten times that of the enemy, attack the enemy when the strength is five times that of the enemy, and divide the enemy when the strength is twice that of the enemy, thus creating absolute superiority and then destroying it all. When you are evenly matched with the enemy, you have the ability to defeat the enemy; when the number is less than the enemy, you have the ability to scratch the enemy ("escape" means "pick" and practice means "catch"); when your strength is weaker than the enemy, you have the ability to avoid the enemy.
) 4- Being 1 Yu, Tang was (bitter, bitter) 2 believing and seeing doubt, being loyal and being slandered, and being able to have no resentment (indicating passivity, auxiliary words) 3 The general was strong and sharp (wearing it or putting it on his body) 4 being released (wearing it, wandering around) for 5 days and nights. According to) 3 books are in the south of Jizhou (originally, originally). It is hard to waste today. It is not difficult to record the manuscript (version, manuscript) halfway. It has its own chapter (a memorial or letter from a courtier to the emperor). 6 If you stop printing three or two books (quantifiers, units of measurement of books). 7 This is called losing one's original heart (natural kindness). 8 books do not fall (roots) and so on. ) 9 Suppress the trace of its success or failure (investigate its origin and examine its right and wrong) 6- contempt 1 There are two monks in Shu, one is poor and the other is rich (frontier, noun) 2. I didn't know the general was so generous (vulgar, shallow, vulgar, described) 3. I don't know taboos.
(I, a compound word, boasting modesty) 4 Confucius despised his trifles (contempt, verb) 7- Soldiers 1 Receiving soldiers from various countries and assembling Xianyang (weapons, ordnance) 2 Zhao Yisheng stationed troops for Qin, but Qin dared not move (soldiers, troops) 3. So he went to the army to make a plan. Secondly, he cut (combat strategy, strategy) by about 4. Bing Gu's syndrome) 8- disease 1 Jun's disease is in the skin, but he doesn't treat me (disease, noun) 2. If you don't wait on me, you will be ill for a long time. Not as smooth as Duke Zhou, my illness is also (wrong, shortcoming, noun) 4. Fan is in power, the wealth of governors is heavy, while Zheng people are. Today people criticize frugality (resentment, shame, verbs) 9-examine it 1 Xu, and then all the stones at the foot of the mountain (look carefully and observe) 2. Looking at your opinions, I just want to miss the general (careful investigation) 3. Although we can't visit, we must (understand and clarify) four more people. Adjective) 5 Ming is enough to see the end of autumn (see clearly). 6 people can see no fish (smart, adjective)1chaochá o1chaotian (zhā o in the morning) 2 Like every dynasty, it is often called sick (see the court, worship). 3 Strong countries please take it, and weak countries enter the DPRK (see the court). So I went to the imperial court to see Wang Wei (the imperial court) 5. I gave my heart to him for six years, but I didn't listen to the imperial court (the government) 7. Sitting south facing north (yes, direction, verb) 11Zeng1can't destroy a hair of the mountain (adverb, used for emphasis, sometimes equivalent to "Lian-"adverb) 3. Hou Sheng once gave it to me without saying a word (unexpectedly, adverb) 4. Verb) 12- I took a calf cart for six or seven hundred times in the deed, (Sheng quantifier, there was a cart and four horses in ancient times) 5 times in Ezhou and turned back (boarded) 6 times in wei county, Niu Erqi Si (Sheng Si, numeral) 13- cheng 1 Emperor feels sincere (sincere, sincere). Adjective) 1 4-except1,sweeping the court at dawn (steps, nouns) 2. Eliminate the residue and filth for the Han family (cleaning and removing) 3. Take the rule of the former king to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages (clearing and eliminating) 4. Demolition of Wei Yan's abandoned shrine site for burial (renovation and repair) 5. Give it to Prime Minister Right and Ambassador Tang. Noun) 15- Ci 1 and Hou Sheng once sent me a sentence and a half (words, words) 2 All words are called Fu Jian (words, literature) 3. Moving to the imperial court is an excuse) 4. I will not avoid death. I quit my job after drinking (declined) 5. Here I am, a year ago, far from the capital, and now I am in Jiujiang. Caring) 8 Knowledgeable and willing, knowing how to deal with chaos, good at rhetoric (rhetoric, words of entertainment) 9 The king of Qin was afraid that he would break the wall, but politely refused (politely refused, politely apologized) 10 guilty words (command) 16- riding from 1 Pei Gong Dan became more and more popular (making …
3. Explanation of key words and common words in classical Chinese in senior high school 1.2① Capitalization of "two" in "Teacher Qin of the Candle".
(Example: What would you do if the country could not bear it? Zuo Zhuan Yin Gongyuan) 2 copies (for example, he has more than two ministers. Liang Qichao's "On young chinese") ③ Not single-minded (for example, second, confused.
"Xunzi Revealing the Secret") 4 Centrifugation and betrayal (if the bribes of husband and vassal gather in the government, the vassal will be two. Zuo Zhuan) 5 Again, repeat.
(Example: Don't be angry, don't be angry. "The Analects of Confucius Yong Ye") 6 belongs to two masters.
(This article: rude to Jin, rude to Chu. ) 2.( 1) Border town, remote place (Example: For Learning: "There are two monks in Shu."
(This article: "Yue Guo Yuan") ② Vulgar and despicable. (Example: Ten Years of Zuo Zhuan and Zhuang Gong: "Carnivores are frivolous and fail to make long-term plans."
) look down upon, despise (Example: Zuo Zhao was a public official for sixteen years: "I am polite, but my husband still despises me."
3. Xu ① allows (the same as modern Chinese) ② agrees and obeys (such as this article: Xu Zhi, Xu Junjiao, Leisure) ③ agrees (such as Yishan: Miscellaneous Words) 4 divisor (for example: Xiaoshitang Ji: "There are more than a hundred fish in the pond."
(5) Table Office (Example: Tao Yuanming's Biography of Mr. Wuliu: "Sir, I don't know who." ) 4.①què (1) Tall buildings on both sides of ancient palaces.
(Guo Jun was taken aback when he came out to see the que in Historical Records and Biography of Bian Que) ② Quwan Pagoda ③ Quai Palace, which extended to the imperial court (Yi Que wrote a letter, and the book did not report the Biography of Hanshu Zhu Maichen for a long time) ④ Quling was "short", short and empty (rice was expensive last year, but rice was cheap this year, which greatly hurt farmers. Du Fu's "New Year's Eve" (5) Qu Lu, shortcomings, faults (one thing is not enough to slow down.
Ji Kang's "Breaking Up with Shan Juyuan") ⑥ Invasion in Egypt. (This article: If you don't miss Qin) ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ ⑦ 931 Micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro-micro.
) 4 subtle and exquisite. Slight words (idioms) 5 are obscure and expressionless.
See the micro-knowledge (idiom) 6 If not. (Example: The story of Yueyang Tower: "Wes, who are we going home with?" (this article: the power of Mrs. Wei is not as good as this) 6. I am bad and tired.
(Example: Fang Bao's Zuo Anecdote: "Make history more embarrassing." I am tired if I am modest (for example, "Zi Tongzhi Jian": "Cao Cao's people are tired in the distance."
(4) damage and decline. (This article: Because of human power. )
7. Take ① Rude to Jin (because, conjunctions) ② Dare to provoke deacons (take, use, prepositions) ③ Go abroad (indicating obedience, conjunctions) ④ Why use it to accompany neighbors? If she thinks she is the host (ba, preposition) 8. However, she is eager to seek children (talent, conjunction, conjunction) 2. She comes out at night. If she dies, she will benefit the monarch. Sooner or later, she will build a version. (indicating a turning point, conjunction) 9. Strictness also has shortcomings.
(Ah, the modal particle at the end of the sentence expresses exclamation) ② Why do you want to use Zheng Wu to accompany your neighbors? (interrogative pronoun, why) ③ Take it (interrogative pronoun, where) ④ Set earth and stone (interrogative pronoun, where) ⑤ In order to make your husband look at people's style, you will get it (pronoun, why) ⑤ People who are forever fighting for it (part-time job, here) ⑤ Set it (part-time job, here) 10. You know it's hard (pronoun, meaning "that thing") to be wrong, but I don't know (pronoun, my own) that it's also wrong (modal particle, or, for discussion) 1 1. (1) Please hit the child (pronoun, they mean Qin Jun) (2) It's my fault (structural auxiliary, table discussion). ⑤ TuiGeng Ridge (verb, go, arrive) Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin 1. If you don't believe in this trip, Qin is not amiable, and it is also a verb, kiss, kiss. I went to my relatives' house to serve the monarch.
Every time you have to surrender, you should ask the adverb of hesitation to your face. I have my own parents, persecuted and brotherly adjectives, my own.
2. What happened to General Shen Qin can be described as a deep and cruel adjective. It is also an adjective because it has profound thoughts.
Sometimes in the middle of the night, she will dream of her victory adjective, (time) long. Peach Blossom Pond is deep in thousands of feet.
For example, adjectives. Zibu and Yuan Biao are very concerned about their wives. They are deeply disappointed with the adverb of expectation, very, very disappointed.
3. The solution can solve the suffering verbs of Yan State, and help save them. My master explained the verb cow to Wen, which originally meant to cut open the limbs of animals with a knife.
Juvenile terror, urgent solution to stop verbs, separation. After my understanding, I'm not saying that my words are ... verbs, explanations.
Destroy its basin, untie its brown bound verbs, untie it. Folding verbs, splitting and dispersing.
Teacher, so preaching is also a verb to answer questions. According to legend, Master Yan solved verbs by soldiers, freed himself from the flesh, and became immortal.
The arresting emissary has interpreted the autumn palace as a verb, sent it away and read Ji Jie. The first place in Xie Yuan after having obtained the provincial examination was Xie Yuan, and I studied jiè.
Teaching is a popular term nowadays. Teach, jiào. Her art even the verbs that experts admire, make, let, jiā o.
Teaching for three years, dancing with cadres, teaching and educating people. Read jiao
Teach you to weave verbs, impart knowledge and skills, and read jiā o.5. Dare to think and read verbs, dare to do and dare to act.
The adverb "dare" is a rhetorical tone, which omits the words "dare, dare". Hongmen banquet 1. Bashang, Simon, Pei Jun: Nouns as verbs, stationed.
From this road to our army: noun, barracks. On the first day of the war, the army was bad: noun, army.
Yong Guan San Jun: a noun, the organizational unit of the army. 2. Don't miss a quick blow: verb, attack, attack.
Sit for beating Pei Gong: verb, kill. Qin Wang refused to strike: verbs, knock, knock.
Just like holding a pillar, I want to hit it with it: noun, collision. 3. Internal symptoms: internally, through "that", the verb, accept.
Throw a piece of paper in the curtain: noun, inside, as opposed to "outside". There is no family in the house: noun is adverbial, inside.
Bullying the weak and fearing the hard: noun, heart, heart. 4. If you work hard, you can do well: verb, like.
Pei Gong goes to the toilet: verb, go, go. It is better to be: verb, and, comparable to Preface to Lanting Collection 1 existing volume (verb).
4. Translation, annotation and explanation of classical Chinese. It is said that there is a kind of bug called "strange", which has five senses and is caused by resentment.
Dong Fangshuo's explanation is unscientific and unreliable. But when he said this, he was actually trying to persuade Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty to be benevolent and not to kill innocent people indiscriminately, causing people's resentment and resistance.
The reason why the Qin Dynasty perished in the second year was precisely because of "public mourning and public resentment", which should be taken as a warning. More specific explanations: Dong Fangshuo and the story of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, the Summary of the Catalogue of Sikuquanshu (volume 140), and the article Lessons written by Ceng Yun under Shu He Guangyuan.
Dong Fangshuo's argument about strange insects (for example, the novel has been lost, see Taiping Guangji, page 473) has been attached. "The' novel' mentioned here is a novel compiled by Yin Yun of Nanliang. Although it has long been lost, you can see the edited version.
In addition to Lu Xun and Yu Jiaxi, Zhou Lengga also has a compilation. In Zhou Lengga's book, the story of "strange" was originally from Shuoba, and the original note was "The Legend of the New Moon". I guess it refers to "Biography of Dong Fangshuo": Liang Wudi is fortunate in Ganquan Palace. There are insects at the equator, red, and the leader's teeth, ears and nose are all available, which is unknown to the viewer.
The emperor showed the new moon and said to him, "This is very strange. During the Qin Dynasty, prisoners were innocent, and many people were worried and resentful. Xian looked up and sighed,' what a strange thing! Beggars get angry when they move heaven, hence the name' Qi'.
This place must be Qin's prison. "That is, according to the map, Guo Qin was imprisoned.
Ask again: "Why do you want to exterminate insects?" Shuo said, "Those who are worried drown their sorrows by drinking." So people put worms in wine, and soon the fruit was scattered.
(Yin Yun's 60th novel, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, first edition 1984) This "strange" story is one of the best stories in Dong Fangshuo, so its editor Yin Yun is really good. Zhou Lengga quoted Shi Nan and others in the Preface to Yin Yun's Novels, saying that he was "free and easy, regardless of details". Judging from this sketch, Yin Yun still has a rare imagination and superb irony to write so brilliantly.
Perhaps, because of this, it has appeared in other books many times. At present, I only collect these five versions: 1. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was lucky to have a sweet spring and a bug at the equator ... The emperor showed it to Dong Fangshuo and said, "This bug has a strange name. It was innocent in the past ... This place must be the prison of Qin."
Just believe it according to the picture. ..... put the worm in the wine, and it will soon disperse.
("Tai Ping Guang Ji" Volume 473, novel) 2. Another Biography of Dong Fangshuo said: Liang Wudi is fortunate in Ganquan, and Osaka Road in Changping has insect covers, such as red liver. Shuo said, "You must be in Qin prison.
People who are worried about their husbands will be comforted by wine. "Is to take insect wine, eliminate elk.
Give a hundred silks. The same is true after the car is filled with wine.
("Taiping Yu Lan" Volume 818, Cloth and Silk Department 5) 3. Another biography of Dong Fangshuo said: Liang Wudi is lucky for spring, there are insects in Sakamoto Road in Changping, red as liver, and the leaders have a glib tongue. Pioneer will repay him, superiors will see it, but they don't know it. When it is in the car, it will let him watch it. Shuo said: this is called strange gas, and it must be in Qin prison. (YiWenJi Volume 72 Food Department, Taiping Yulan Volume 845 Food Department III is also quoted, with slightly different words) 4. "County Records" said: The northern fifteen miles of Xianyang County, Yongzhou, was Changping Sakamoto, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was fortunate in Ganquan, and the road was full of insects and red as liver.
When asked about Dong Fangshuo, Shuo said: "Qin prison is also unfair. I can smell the wine and get rid of my troubles. "
If you pour it with wine, the fruit will be sold. (Taiping Yu Lan, Volume 53, Part 18, Osaka) 5. "The Journey of Guangwu" said: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was fortunate in Ganquan Palace, with a worm in his path and a red-eyed nose.
The audience was ignorant, so the emperor showed it to Dong Fangshuo and said to him, "This Qin Dynasty is innocent, and all people are worried about death. Salt looked up and sighed, so clear. This must be the prison of Qin. "
The new moon also said, "Those who are worried will drown their sorrows by drinking, and they will also drown their sorrows by drinking." So put the bug in the wine and it will disperse in a minute.
("Taiping Yu Lan" Volume 944 "Insect Chapter 1") Among them, the first kind of novels have little difference in words. The second and third kinds are both from Dong Fangshuo Biezhuan, but they are different: the former says that there are insects covering the land, while the latter does not mention the word "covering the land"; The former says "husband is worried" and the latter says "husband is worried".
The fourth kind of county annals is probably the county annals of Sima in Jin Dynasty. In this way, the book's record of "strangeness" is much earlier than "Different Garden".
I don't know who wrote the fifth edition of Guang Wu Ji Xing. The text is more important than the above. There is an article "Different Diseases of Monks in Jiangzhou" in Volume 220 of Taiping Guangji, which is also quoted in the book. The full text is as follows: Yonghui, a monk in Jiangzhou choked on food.
A few years later, he told his disciple Yun: "When I can't breathe, I can open my chest and throat to see what is there and want to know its roots." Finally, I said it and died.
Disciple opened his eyes as he said, and there was something on his chest, which looked like a fish, with two ends, and I knew it was the flesh scale of the whole body. Disciples come to the bowl and jump.
The play is caused by various flavors. Although you don't eat it, it will turn into water soon. In addition, all poisons are destroyed with the sale.
In midsummer, the blue was ripe, the temple was full of indigo, and a monk went. Because of the lack of indigo, the insects were afraid, ran around the bowl and suddenly turned into water. It is said that indigo hydrotherapy is used to treat asphyxial diseases.
Yonghui is the title of Tang Gaozong Li Zhi (650 years in the first year of Yonghui). This book is quoted by Guangji and must be a work of the Tang Dynasty. Judging from this "Jiangzhou Abnormal Monk", the writing style is not smooth.
The plot that only indigo can change in Jiangzhou monks' chests is similar to the plot that wine can eliminate strangeness. Maybe this book is dedicated to treating diseases with potions. Now, based on the earliest county annals, let's take a look at how the story of "strangeness" changed later: the county annals say: Pingban in the north of Xianyang County, Yongzhou is the auspicious beginning of the spring for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the road is moth-eaten and red as liver.
When asked about Dong Fangshuo, Shuo said: "Qin prison is also unfair. I can smell the wine and get rid of my troubles. "
If you pour it with wine, the fruit will be sold. ("Taiping Yu Lan", Volume 53, Part 18, Osaka) The name of "Qi" can't be seen from here, so naturally there is no description of it. The effect of satirical art is greatly reduced, and I wonder if the original text really doesn't exist.
Chang Ping Ban can't be found in Yin Yun's novels or Guang Wu Xing Ji. The details of "insects are everywhere and red as liver" were simplified or rewritten by Yin Yun's novels and Guangwu Jixing: Yin Yun's novels only said "insects are red", and later Guangwu Jixing said "insects are red" and thought that "