2 English reference Physochlaina[ Landau Chinese-English Dictionary]
Funnel Physalis root [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
3. To sum up, Huashan Ginseng is the name of traditional Chinese medicine, which comes from Shaanxi Chinese herbal medicine [1]. Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (PRC) (20 10 edition) records the pharmacopoeia standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Huashan Ginseng is also known as Hot Ginseng [1].
5 Source and place of origin: the root of Solanaceae [1]. Distributed in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan [1].
6 Sexual taste is sweet, slightly bitter and hot [1]. Toxic [1].
Function 7 is mainly used for relieving asthma, warming middle warmer and calming nerves [1]. Indications: chronic bronchitis, diarrhea due to deficiency and cold, palpitation and insomnia [1].
8. Dosage and usage of Huashan Ginseng: 0. 1 ~ 0.2g [1].
9 Caution should not be taken in excess or for a long time, which may lead to poisoning, such as thirst, burning throat, dilated pupils and irritability [1]. Not applicable to black beans and salt water [1]. Avoid iron [1]. Do not take it for glaucoma patients [1]. Use with caution for pregnant women [1].
10 chemical composition this product contains alkaloids such as scopolamine (scopolamine), scopolamine (scopolamine), anisodamine, atropine and scopolamine [1].
Pharmacological effects 1 1 decoction has obvious sedative effect on dogs and mice; Guinea pigs have obvious antiasthmatic effect by oral administration [1]. Scopolamine (scopolamine) is an anticholinergic drug, which can reduce gland secretion, accelerate heart rate, relieve smooth muscle spasm, dilate pupils and increase intraocular pressure [2]. Estrin has sedative and hypnotic effects and has a strong effect on the central nervous system [2].
12 Prepare Huashan Shen Pian.
13 Huashan ginseng pharmacopoeia standard 13. 1 named Huashan ginseng.
Huashan god
PseudoPhysalis root
13.2 source this product is the dried root of Phosoczlaina in Fundibdariskang, a solanaceae plant. Digging in spring, removing fibrous roots, washing and drying.
13.3 characteristics this product is rectangular, conical or cylindrical, slightly curved, partially branched, with a length of10 ~ 20cm and a diameter of1~ 2.5cm. The surface is brown, with yellow-white horizontal lenticels, fibrous root marks and longitudinal wrinkles, and the upper part is ringed. There are often 1 to several rhizomes at the top, with stem marks and verrucous processes on them. Hard texture, white or yellow-white section, narrow skin, wide wood, and fine radial texture can be seen. It smells like tobacco. It tastes slightly bitter and hemp.
13.4 Identification (1) Cross section of this product: the cork layer is composed of 10 rows of cork cells, and the outermost cells are yellowish brown. The cambium ring is obvious. Xylem accounts for most of the roots, and several ducts meet together. Some ducts have small sieve tubes next to them, which are phloem between trees. Xylem parenchyma and X-ray have sand-bearing crystal groups. There are sometimes several layers to 10 layers of brown flat cork cells around the catheter or catheter group near the center, which contain yellowish brown secretions. The parenchyma cells are filled with starch granules, and some contain calcium oxalate sand crystals.
The powder is grayish white. There are many starch grains, single round, 3 ~ 15μ m in diameter, and the navel is punctate, cracked or bifurcated. Composite particles are composed of 2 ~ 4 parts. Calcium oxalate sand crystals mostly exist in parenchyma cells. The diameter of the reticular conduit is17 ~ 80μ m.
(2) Take 4g of this product fine powder, add 65438±05ml of 85% ethanol, shake it evenly for 65438±05min, filter, evaporate the filtrate, add 2ml of 65438 0% sulfuric acid solution, stir and filter, add ammonia solution to the filtrate to make it alkaline, then add 2ml of chloroform, shake it evenly and extract, separate the chloroform solution, and evaporate it to dryness.
(3) Take 65,438+0g of this product powder, add 2ml of mixed solution of concentrated ammonia solution and ethanol (1: 1) for wetting, add 20ml of chloroform, heat and reflux for 65,438+0 hours, filter, carefully evaporate the filtrate, and add 65438±0ml of chloroform to dissolve it as a test solution. In addition, atropine sulfate reference substance, scopolamine hydrobromide reference substance, anisodamine hydrobromide reference substance and scopolamine reference substance are taken for crystallization, and ethanol is added to prepare a mixed solution containing 1mg per 1ml as the reference solution. According to the TLC test (Appendix ⅵ b), absorb 5μl of the above two solutions, respectively, and spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, with ethyl acetate methanol ammonia test solution (17: 2: 1) as the developing agent, unfold, take them out, dry them, and examine them under an ultraviolet lamp (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same blue-white fluorescent main spot (scopolamine) appears at the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample. Then spray bismuth potassium iodide test solution and sodium nitrite ethanol test solution in turn. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same four brown spots appear in the position corresponding to the chromatogram of the control sample.
The moisture content of 13.5.1shall not exceed 12.0% (appendix ⅸ H first method).
13.5.2 the total ash content shall not exceed 8.0% (appendix ⅸ k).
13.6 the extract shall be determined by the hot soaking method under the alcohol-soluble extract determination method (appendix X A), with ethanol as the solvent, which shall not be less than 1 1.0%.
/determination of the content of kloc-0/3.7 13.7./preparation of alkaloid control solution 120℃, dry an appropriate amount of atropine sulfate control substance to constant weight, accurately weigh it, and add water to make a solution equivalent to 75μg scopolamine per kloc-0/ml.
Preparation of test solution Take about 0.25g of this product powder, weigh it accurately, put it in a conical flask with a stopper, add 20 ml of disodium hydrogen citrate buffer solution (pH 4.0) accurately, shake it evenly for 5 minutes, leave it overnight, filter it with dry filter paper, and take the filtrate.
Determination Method Accurately measure 2ml of the test solution and 2ml of the reference solution, put them into a separatory funnel respectively, add 10ml disodium hydrogen phosphate citrate buffer (pH 4.0) to each solution, then accurately add 2ml of 0.04% bromocresol green solution prepared with this buffer, shake well, shake well with 10ml chloroform and extract for 5min. After the solution is completely stratified, add another solution. Filter into a 25ml volumetric flask, moisten the filter stage with chloroform, extract with chloroform for 3 times, 5ml each time, filter into the volumetric flask in turn, wash the filter paper with chloroform, filter into the volumetric flask, add chloroform to the scale, shake well, and measure and calculate the absorbance at the wavelength of 4 15nm according to the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (Appendix V A).
This product contains no less than 0.20% alkaloids based on scopolamine (C 17H23NO3).
13.7.2 scopoletin was determined by HPLC (appendix ⅵ d).
Chromatographic conditions and system applicability test with octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as filler; Using 0.3% methanol phosphoric acid solution (30∶70) as mobile phase; The detection wavelength is 344nm. Calculated by scopoletin peak, the theoretical plate number should be not less than 4000.
Preparation of reference solution Take a proper amount of scopoletin reference substance, weigh it accurately, and add methanol to make a solution containing 16μg per 1ml.
Preparation of test solution: Take about 0.5g of this product powder (pass through No.3 sieve), weigh it accurately, put it in a conical bottle with a stopper, add 25ml of methanol accurately, plug it, weigh it, stand for 1 hour, shake it from time to time, perform ultrasonic treatment (power 300W, frequency 40kHz) for 1 hour, let it cool, weigh it again, make up the weight loss with methanol, shake it evenly, and filter it.
The determination method accurately absorbs 65438 00μ l control solution and test solution respectively, and injects them into the liquid chromatograph for determination.
This product contains scopoletin (C 10H804) at least 0.080% based on the dry product.
13.8 huashanshen tablets 13.8. 1 mashed during processing.
13.8.2 Sexual taste and meridian tropism are sweet, slightly bitter and warm; Toxic. Return to lung meridian and heart meridian.
13.8.3 Functions and indications: warming lung and resolving phlegm, relieving asthma and cough, calming nerves and relieving convulsion. For cold phlegm, asthma and cough, palpitation and insomnia.
13.8.4 Usage and dosage 0.1~ 0.2g.
13.8.5 Be careful not to take too much to avoid poisoning; Glaucoma patients are prohibited; Use with caution in pregnant women and patients with severe prostatic hypertrophy.
13.8.6 Store in a ventilated and dry place to prevent insects from eating.
13.9 Source