1. 1 Understanding of the discovery of tuberculosis in ancient China
In ancient times more than 2,000 years ago, there was a kind of "transmission and multiplication" in Huangdi Neijing, and its symptom was "big bones withered and big meat sank." Full of qi in the chest, inconvenient breathing, internal pain leading to shoulder pain, body heat, loss of meat and fat, etc.
Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han Dynasty described "fatigue" as "fever of hands and feet, night sweats and insomnia due to fatigue" and "chivalrous wielding a knife", which are similar to symptoms of tuberculosis and lymphoid tuberculosis. Although "passing by" and "wasting labor" are difficult to determine tuberculosis, it includes tuberculosis.
Hua Tuo's "Han Zang Jing, Biography of the Corpse" describes that "either because of eating and drinking, or because of illness, ... the gas of death is infected with illness, so it is called corpse biography". "The corpse giver is infected by different clans, but the human blood is weak, and the Tibetan government wins in vain and is haunted. It becomes a disease because of its evil. " This shows that tuberculosis does not necessarily cause family infection, only people with low resistance will be infected. It can be seen that China medical scientists have been able to dialectically recognize the infectivity of tuberculosis.
Ge Hong of Jin Dynasty (28 1 ~ 36 1) talked about the disease of "corpse carbuncle" in Elbow Urgent Prescription: after years, it gradually stagnated, leading to death, infecting others after death, and even death. It can be seen that Ge Hong has initially realized that tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease spread in the family.
According to the theory of syndrome of fatigue cough in Sui Dynasty, tuberculosis is a disease characterized by cough, chest pain, wheezing and hemoptysis.
In Sun Simiao's Thousand Women in the Tang Dynasty, corpse carbuncle and toxic carbuncle were listed as lung diseases. At the same time, Wang Dao's "The Secret of Outside Taiwan". Volume 16 points out: "TB fever damages the lungs and causes worms ... and it causes diseases in the lungs", and puts forward the theory of "lung worms". In the Tang Dynasty (8th century AD), Wang Dao quoted Su You's theory that "lung fatigue and heat damage the lungs to produce worms, which are like silkworms and become diseases in the lungs", and assumed that the living body of "worms" might be the pathogen of tuberculosis.
"Puji Shufang" written by Xu in Song Dynasty holds that "lung worms live in the lung lobes and erode into the lung system, so it is a disease of hoarseness and hemoptysis". The Three Causes Prescription of Song Dynasty and He's Jisheng Prescription were both included in the Special Articles on Tuberculosis, which made tuberculosis different from the general waste work. At the same time, Yang Renzhai put forward the treatment method of "treating diseases and killing insects" in Renzhai Zhi Zhi Prescription.
Zhu Danxi's Appendix to Danxi Heart Therapy in Yuan Dynasty recorded that "due to the gathering of qi and blood and the filling of semen in prime of life, people can't maintain their lives, gluttony for wine and wine, sleeping day and night without rest, leading to the dissipation of true elements and the exhaustion of semen", emphasizing the formation of tuberculosis. Ten Medicine Books written by Ge Kejiu in Yuan Dynasty summarized the first monograph on the treatment of tuberculosis on the basis of full understanding of tuberculosis.
Li Yong's Introduction to Medicine in Ming Dynasty pointed out that the six symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis were "tide, sweat, cough, blood or nocturnal emission". Gong Tingxian's "Shou Shi Bao Lao Yuan Luo" pointed out that the pathogenic mechanism of tuberculosis is "the combination of fire and lung gold". Zhang Jingyue said in "Jing Yue Quan Shu": "There are differences in labor, such as steaming bones, dry cough, and even vomiting blood and spitting, which leads to the decline of business and health. Over time, it gradually leads to failure." He thinks tuberculosis is a chronic consumptive disease. Liu Yuanran stated in the Prescription of Chasing Immortal Tuberculosis in Qing Pavilion that "the corpse tuberculosis is caused by heart disease and blood coagulation, so there are adults who are worried about diet and truth, so this is the reason", pointing out that the incidence of tuberculosis is often weakened for various reasons, and then external pathogens such as tuberculosis will invade the body. Li Zhongzi's Doctor Required Reading. Tuberculosis established the treatment method of "tonifying deficiency and supplementing yuan, killing insects and eradicating its roots", holding that "it can kill its insects, even if the sick person is not born, it can also be transmitted to the ear", emphasizing the importance of killing insects in order to prevent infection. Xu Chunfu (1537) said in the ancient and modern medical rope: "Ordinary people have this disease, so it is better to treat it slowly if it is treated early and cheaply." "People close to you are inevitable, need proper diet, and can't go hungry. In Xu Ruo, you can take tonics and bring benzoin, which can greatly kill labor insects. " On the one hand, early treatment is emphasized, on the other hand, close contacts are advised to pay attention to health care to prevent contact infection.
In the Qing Dynasty, Li described tuberculosis in Zheng Bu as "tuberculosis waiting outside, night sweats during sleep, fever in the afternoon, fidgety cough, fatigue, anorexia, vomiting blood and muscle wasting" [3 ~ 6].