Liu Guo is also a poet, with both ancient style and rhythmic poetry. How tragic this poem is. For example, some poems in Night Thinking about the Central Plains, Duguchen's Blood and Tears, No Strange Hero Called Luo Tian, Dengduo Guanlou, Beiman People, Central Plains in Sight are fresh and beautiful.
Liu Guo's Longzhou Collection (volume 14) is recorded, but it has not been handed down from generation to generation. The Collection of Longzhou Taoists (volume 15) edited by Liu Wei (the younger brother of Liu Guo) in Song Duanping in Ming Dynasty includes Jiajing edition and Jiguge edition in Ming Dynasty. Sikuquanshu contains 14 and appendix 2. 1978 Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House proofreads Longzhou Collection (Volume 12).
Records of Longzhou Ci 1 Volume, Liu Gaizhi's Ci was written by Changsha people in Ming Dynasty. There is a book "Sixty Song Ci Poems" in Jigu Pavilion in Ming Dynasty. In the early Ming Dynasty, Shen Yu collected 69 poems, of which 2 1 poem was not found in his institute (86 poems were published by Luo Zhenchang as an addendum). Qiang Village Series was originally published in two volumes based on Huang Pilie's Qian Ceng (Wang Zun) in Qing Dynasty. Cao's postscript said that Song Xun was published, but before Zhao's Chun Xue was published, Luo Zhenchang called it an addendum for the DPRK. Song Ci contains 80 Longzhou Ci. Liu Guo and Xin Qiji had a deep association, which was passed down as a much-told story in later generations. There are many anecdotes about their friendship in the notes of Song and Yuan Dynasties. In Yuan Dynasty, Jiang Zhengzi's "Essays on Mountain Rooms" described in detail the process of their acquaintance: when Xin Qiji was a handsome man in eastern Zhejiang, Liu came here to make friends, but the doorman saw Liu Guo as just a civilian and snobbish, and resolutely refused to let him in. Liu Guo argued angrily with the porter, and Xin Qiji heard the voice calling the porter for questioning, and the porter couldn't help cheering.
Xin Qiji was furious when he said that Liu was right and wrong. He wants to get rid of Liu Guo. Fortunately, at this time, Lu You and Chen Liang stood by and praised Liu Guoda, saying that he is a contemporary hero and good at writing poems. You might as well meet him. Xin Qiji let Liu in and squinted coldly and asked, "Can you write poetry?" Liu aisle: "Yes." At this time, lamb loin soup was being served at the dinner party, and Xin Qiji ordered him to take it as a gift. Liu Guo smiled and said, "It's too cold. I want to drink some wine first. " Xin Qiji gave wine, and Liu Guo took it. He gulped it down, shaking his hands, and there were wine drops in his arms. Xin Qiji asked him to rhyme with the word "Liu". Liu Guo immediately shouted: "I have paid for the city, and the rotten head has been closed." After death, I don't know what's outside, but I also have a romantic relationship with wine. "Xin Qiji was overjoyed, so he asked him to taste mutton soup and gave him a lot of money after the banquet. Later, Xin Qiji became an official in Jingkou. One day, it snowed heavily, and Xin led the staff to the multi-view building to see the snow scene. When Liu Guo appeared, he looked very Wei and Jin dynasties, with an open skirt and slippers, and came lazily. Xin Qiji probably felt an eyesore and made things difficult, so he ordered Liu Guo to give him snow, with the word "making things difficult" as the rhyme. I don't want Liu Zhangkou to sing: "Fame and fortune are equal to five cities, and it is difficult to come to the door." Xin Qiji was shocked, and the two became girlfriends from then on. Xin and Liu are both temperamental people. There is an interesting story about their communication in the Jianghu Story written by Guo Yuan Xiaofeng, which contains a little Jianghu pride: Liu Guo wanted to go back to his hometown to visit his mother and asked Xin Qiji for leave. Xin Qiji knew he was short of money and wanted to help. That evening, they went upstairs to drink incognito, and happened to meet an official giving a banquet around. Li Du didn't know Xin Dashuai, the boss of his boss. With deep pockets, he clamored for a reservation and ordered his men to drive Liu Xin out. Without arguing with him, they went back with a smile. Xin Qiji later said that he had confidential documents to deal with and asked Li Du to come and take his life. At this time, Li Du has passed out in the gentle township, where can he come overnight? Xin Qiji decided to confiscate his property and exile as punishment. When the officers woke up, they were scared out in a cold sweat and were busy asking people to plead in front of the marshal. Xin Qiji still didn't forgive. When all the anxious officials heard that Liu Guo was short of money, they all gritted their teeth and took out 5,000 gifts, saying that they were for Liu Guo's mother's birthday, and then begged Xin Qiji for mercy. Xin Qiji refused, shook his head and even said no, and ordered all officials to double the birthday gift money. Although the official's heart ached, he dared not disobey and raised the amount to 10 thousand yuan. Xin Qiji let him go. The monthly salary of the prime minister of the Song Dynasty was only 300 Jin, which shows that 10,000 Jin was a huge sum at that time. It is obviously difficult for a small official to pay so much money as a fine at once. Xin Qiji's move is to rob the rich and help the poor, and at the same time give this corrupt official a beautiful double warning.
Then Xin Qiji bought a boat for Liu Guo at his own expense and gave him ten thousand yuan. Knowing that Liu Guo has always been careless about his money, he specially told him not to spend it carelessly as usual. Liu was deeply moved and made a gift from Nian Nujiao: "There are very few people who know each other, but where are you?" If you don't succeed, you won't back down, so when can you find your way home? In front of the scenic building and under the rainbow pavilion, a pillow sleeps in the autumn rain. A false name is a mistake, and ten years of hard work are in vain. It is not to give a bright light, but to write a letter to Beique, without surprising words. I won the dust in my clothes in a hurry. Bai Bi pursues happiness, and gold buys laughter, mainly for you. On the river, Haoran will return tomorrow. "Since the Southern Song Dynasty, filial piety has promoted peace talks, long-term submission to the State of Jin, humiliation and disgraceful life, which has aroused strong dissatisfaction from some people of insight. Many patriotic poets and poets appeared one after another, expressing their loyalty and anger through their poems. Lu You and Zhang Xiaoxiang are the first, Xin Qiji and Justin Chen are the second, and Liu Kezhuang is the third. Liu Guo is an important poet and a friend of Xin Qiji. His patriotic thought is consistent. In his early years, he wrote to the imperial court, stating the strategy of restoring the Central Plains, but to no avail. He was conceited and never met, but his enthusiasm never waned. During his long wandering life, he expressed his feelings of worrying about the country and the people in various ways, and showed his thought of restoring the Central Plains. It can be said that the scene is explosive, such as the "Snow Tower": "I can only stand the ice city upstairs, and I want to escape to Cai Zhou." Looking at Jinling: "The West Lake is really beautiful, and the gentleman forgets the Central Plains?" "Tits Run Weeks and More Lou Jing": "Smoke and dust are boundless, and there are no tears in the well!" Topic Gao Yuan Ting: "Chen Hu is only across the Huaihe River. Who swept the long drive? " "Climbing to the Top of Lingyun": "I want to look into my eyes with my fingers. Where can I recognize China?" It's all like this. This song "Night Thinking about the Central Plains" is also one of them. The writing is gloomy and tragic, and it is the most touching.
In November of the first year of Song Qinzong Jingkang (1 126), the nomads from the Jin Dynasty captured Bianjing, and in the spring of the following year, they sent Emperor Qin Zheng to the northeast, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished. In the later confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties, the Southern Song Dynasty succumbed to the Shaoxing peace proposal put forward by Gao Zong and became a vassal. Then he succumbed to the Longxing peace talks of Xiaozong, paid for the land, took the Huaihe River as the boundary, and the vast land in the north was in the hands of the Jin people. When the author wrote this poem, at least 60 years had passed. The first two sentences of the poem are closely related to the word "thinking" in the title, and the strokes begin: "How long the Central Plains is, cultural relics are clothed." With a painful style, I wrote my nostalgia for the Central Plains and Bianjing: the Central Plains is far away and the road is long; The system of rites and music is far from Bianjing, where aristocratic families gather. These two sentences broaden the field for the following description. The so-called "how long is the road" is a euphemism. In fact, it is only a thousand miles from Lin 'an (Hangzhou), the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, to Huaiyin, an important town on the south bank of the Huaihe River. Crossing the Huaihe River from Huaiyin and entering the Central Plains can lead to dawn. For example, from Jingzhou and Xiangyang to the north of the Central Plains, it can be reached by light riding and daytime. The author said in his poem "Xi Wu Qu Yi Xiangyang": "Who wants Gan Kun? Six hundred miles in the Central Plains, empty old heroes, heartbroken. " It can be seen that the distance between "cultural relics and clothes" is not caused by distant space, but by man-made political factors. Since the Longxing peace talks, Song Ting feared gold like a tiger and "kept" the agreement. Even if he is close at hand, he dare not make a move. As for the restoration of the Central Plains, it was even more unexpected. Year after year, the situation remained the same. How can people with lofty ideals not feel sad about this!
On second thought, I remembered that I had shed blood and tears for my country. This refers to his early book to the court stating the recovery strategy. His loneliness and loyalty are not appreciated, and his talents are not brought into play, leaving him wandering around. He said in Nian Nujiao Liu Bie Xin Jia Xuan: "I don't want to give a bright light, but I want to write a letter to Beique. There is no surprising language. I have won the dust of clothes since I was in a hurry. " These words are the moral of the poem "Only an orphan cries for blood". The next sentence lamented that no one in Qi Jie wrote to the court like him and tried their best to restore the plan. The heavenly factory, namely Tianmen, comes from Li Sao: "I ordered the son of heaven to switch, lean on it and look at it", referring to the imperial court. This couplet reflects the weakness of the imperial court at that time, and also reflects that he still has illusions about the imperial court. He thought that a few more extraordinary figures, calling Tianmen away and arguing with them, could shake "Chen Zhong", wake up suddenly and revive the country. Is it possible? After Long Xinghe talked, Xin Jiaxuan was the first outstanding person who named Tianmen. He once gave Emperor Xiaozong's "Ten Theories on Meiqin", which comprehensively expounded Fang Xing's strategy, reaching tens of thousands of words. As a result, he was only made the master book of Sinong Temple, and a small court official was assigned to manage agricultural production. In the last years of Xiaozong, another character named Tianmen was Chen Liang, who had sent three books to Xiaozong and advocated recovery. Instead of being taken seriously, he angered a group of bureaucrats and attacked them, denouncing them as "lunatics". Facts have proved that after the Longxing peace talks, Song Tingjun's ministers were terrified and would not cheer up at all. No matter how many strange people gathered in Tianmen to shout, it was in vain. We cannot ask the poet to have a comprehensive understanding of Song Tinglan's decadence and weakness. After all, his patriotism is precious. This couplet is full of emotion, loyalty, anger and sonority.
When the neckline was broken, my thoughts focused on the frontier and Bianjing. "first frost is heavy" means that the weather is extremely cold, which is only a superficial phenomenon. Its real connotation is that Song Jun can't break through the border and advance into the Central Plains, which makes the restoration of Bianjing confusing. "Gong" is the first compound sentence. When it is blown, it is the time when the plants are striving for glory, but the palace in Bianjing is under the rule of Jin people, and spring is a desolate scene. So, what about the people? Its living conditions can be imagined. Lu You said in "Autumn Night Fenmenxiao Qing": "The tears of the adherents are all in the dust, and Julian Waghann will look south for another year", which expressed the affection of the broad masses of the people for Nanshi under the Jin Dynasty. This meaning can also be realized in this couplet. In art, the antithesis is meticulous, but the charm is flowing and full of Tang flavor.
Then the tail chain turns to its own side. The last sentence is a continuation of the third sentence, which shows that the ambition to repay the Lord is still undiminished through blood and tears in the past. The next sentence uses the allusion of Longquan sword. Five of the top ten swords in ancient China, clean and noble. The legend was created by two swordsmen, Ou Yezi and Ganjiang. Then buried in the stratum below Fengcheng prison. "Hua Tuo Biography": "Wu Zhi is still alive, and there is often ultraviolet gas between bullfights. After Wuping, the purple gas was more prosperous. Hua heard that Lei Huanmiao had arrived at the elephant and wanted to stay here for one night, so he went upstairs to see it. Hua said, "What fragrance is it?" Huan said, "The essence of the sword penetrates your ears." Hua said, "In which county?" ? Huan said, "In Yucheng." China is to make Huan a Fengcheng. Huan went to the county to dig the foundation of the prison house and got a stone letter with two swords inscribed, one named Longquan and the other named Taiya. Huan sent envoys to send swords to China, leaving one to admire. "Here, the poet used" Zibi ".Although it has been buried and remains the same, it can still be inserted into the sky. This is Zhuang language and true feelings. As early as in the poem Xia Di, he had the sentence that "the tide is surging in spring, and the sky is firm and the night is eventful". Here, he once again used this allusion to express the poet's strong character. His thoughts and feelings are based on his loyalty and love for the people of the country. This kind of thoughts and feelings are often expressed in the form of "serving the country" and "being loyal to the monarch" and become a huge spiritual force. This should not be based on the success or failure of a person's career or whether there are practical actions.
The difficulty of the seven laws lies in the beginning and end of the sentence, and the beginning should be open and far-reaching; The conclusion should be acceptable, and it is meaningless. This poem begins with sad words, first extending the line of sight to the Central Plains and Bianjing, inserting couplets backwards, recalling the blood and tears shed in the past, then pushing the neckline away, extending the line of sight to the frontier and then to Bianjing, and finally ending with the word Zhuang. The whole poem is varied, and it is a perfect and natural seven-character poem.