In 353 BC, this activity of Lanting was recorded in history and appreciated by people, mainly because Wang Xizhi wrote an anthology for the people involved. This preface not only describes the scenery from the content, but also expresses his inner contradictions and feelings; More importantly, from the perspective of calligraphy, the preface was written boldly and raised the art of calligraphy to the best level at that time. The full text is 324 words, with clear words. Text * * *, 20 words, each with charm, no similarities. Therefore, this preface is regarded as a treasure by future generations. Wang Xizhi, who absorbed and originated, was a right-wing general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He will review the internal history. He was only 32 years old when he wrote Preface to Lanting Collection. A person just over 30 years old can achieve high attainments in calligraphy, which is inseparable from his diligent study and practice since childhood. Wang Xizhi began to learn calligraphy at the age of six or seven, and his uncle Wang Biao is a contemporary calligrapher. Wang Xizhi's study of calligraphy was deeply influenced by it. Wang Xizhi took Mrs. Wei as his teacher. Mrs. Wei is a famous contemporary calligrapher, and Zhong You, a pioneer in calligraphy, won the regular script font. She once said a famous saying, when writing, "When you write, you must try your best to send it." Under the guidance of famous artists, Wang Xizhi became fascinated with learning calligraphy. He wrote with a pen all day, but he couldn't walk with it, so he gestured on his skirt with his fingers; When sitting there talking to others, I kept pointing my finger at the clothes, and after a long time, my skirt was punctured. After he became famous, he said in a letter to others: "Zhang Zhi is studying in the pool, and the water in the pool is exhausted. If he indulges in it, it may not be the last."
Zhang Zhi was a calligrapher at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was good at writing cursive script and was later called "Cao Sheng". Wang Xizhi's words mean that Zhang Zhi uses the ink in the pool to wash the pen. Over time, the pool turned black. If you have Zhang Zhi's fighting spirit, your grades may not be worse than Zhang Zhi's. Wang Xizhi's calligraphy achievement is greater than that of Zhang Zhi, and his efforts will surpass that of Zhang Zhi. However, Wang Xizhi's study of predecessors' calligraphy experience is not entirely imitation and inheritance. He learned from the strengths of various schools and became a whole through his own integration and innovation. Some people have commented on Wang Xizhi's font like this: "Analysis of Wang Xizhi's introduction, it is a shame for Zhang Gong's grass (book) to compromise with thick fiber;" The profit and loss of Zhong Jun (referring to Zhong You), although using Zenghua, is quaint. " Therefore, studying hard, being good at collecting the strengths of various schools and being unique are the main reasons why Wang Xizhi became a book saint. The home of Wang Xizhi, a white goose, was an aristocratic family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In this big family, there are several young people the same age as Wang Xizhi. It was Qiu at that time. He wanted to choose a son-in-law for his daughter, so he sent his apprentice to the Wangs for observation. When those young people heard that the Xi family wanted a husband, they really dressed up and pretended to be gentle, which made people feel sick. At that time, in the palace, there was only one young man sitting alone on the east bed, burying his head in food and looking extremely natural. People truthfully reported what they saw to Chi Jian, and Chi Jian said, "This is the right husband for me." .
This young man is Wang Xizhi. Later generations used the idiom "choosing a son-in-law in the east bed" or "choosing a son-in-law in the east bed" to describe finding a satisfactory son-in-law. Later, Chi Jian's daughter Xi Zhuo married Wang Xizhi. Yun's calligraphy level is also very high. Some notebooks signed by Wang Xizhi are actually the ghostwriters of Yun. When Wang Xizhi was young, his calligraphy level was not as good as that of a famous painter at that time, but in his later years, people gave him a different evaluation. Yu Yi once wrote to Wang Xizhi and said, "At the beginning, I kept the 65,438+00 cursive script written by Zhang Zhi, which I think is the best work I have ever seen. But I lost it when I crossed the south of the Yangtze River at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, and I feel sorry that I will never see the masterpiece again. I came across your letter to my brother a few days ago, and your calligraphy has reached the level of ||||| The origin of Lanting Preface: The Preface to Lanting was written by Wang Xizhi with some scholars at the "lease-repairing" banquet on March 3, the third year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 353). * * * 28 lines, 324 words, Wang Xizhi's preface, perfect composition, structure and brushwork, is his masterpiece at the age of 33. Later generations commented that "the font of the right army has changed. Its heroic spirit is natural, so it is considered as a model from ancient times to the present. "Therefore, calligraphers of all ages regarded Lanting as" the first running script ". Introduction of Wang Xizhi's family background: Wang Xizhi (about 32 1-379) was born in Linyi, Eastern Jin Dynasty.
His family is one of the few aristocratic men in the Jin Dynasty. His grandfather is a businessman. His father, Wang Kuang, is the prefect of Huainan. He once advocated that Jinshi crossed the river and Jiangzuo established the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Dao, Wang Xizhi's uncle, is world-famous and the prime minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. And his other uncle, Wang Dun, was the military commander of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Wang Langya was in power for some time in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Because of this background, Wang Xizhi became a doctor as soon as he became an official, then joined the army for Yu Liang, and then transferred to Ningyuan General and Jiangzhou Secretariat, and finally achieved the goal of being a general of the right army and collecting civil history. So people also call him "Wang Youjun". His wife Xi and his seven sons are good at calligraphy. They are world-famous calligraphy families. His youngest son, Wang Xianzhi, inherited his father's knowledge and further created the world. His calligraphy and painting are exquisite, even as famous as his father, and he is called "Two Kings". |||||| Wang Xizhi (303 ~ 36 1), a few words, was born in Langya and lived in Yin Shan. A famous calligrapher in ancient China was honored as a "book saint" by later generations. At the age of 48, Wang Xizhi was in charge of the internal history of Huiji. On the third day of March in the ninth year of Yonghe (353), Wang Xizhi, Xie An, Sun Chuo and other 42 people restored Lanting and wrote Preface to Lanting Collection, which was called "the best running script in the world". This preface is not only brilliant in literary talent, but also exquisite in calligraphy art, which has been recognized by calligraphers for thousands of years. This is actually the pinnacle of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy art, and because of this, Lanting Ji Ya has also been celebrated through the ages and has been passed down to this day.
Wang Xizhi has made great achievements in the art of calligraphy. He not only mastered various styles of ancient calligraphy, but also created a new style to meet the needs of the times and built a complete style system, which had a great influence on later generations. Lanting Lanting is in the southwest of Shaoxing, about 13 kilometers away from the urban area. Although this quaint and elegant garden is small, it attracts the attention of Chinese and foreign tourists. According to historical records, in 353 AD, that is, on March 3rd, 9th year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Xizhi, friends Xie An, Sun Chuo and 42 relatives and friends gathered in Lanting to hold a ceremony and drink and compose poems. Later, Wang Xizhi compiled a preface to the poems of various people, which is the famous preface to Lanting Collection. Legend has it that Wang Xizhi scribbled this preface with cocoon paper and a moustache, with 28 lines and 324 words, all of which were varied and exquisite. Unfortunately, such a calligraphy treasure was in the hands of Emperor Taizong, who could not bear to give it up. When he died, he ordered someone to use it as a human sacrifice. Since then, the world has never seen the original preface to Lanting Collection. In Lanting, there is a triangular pavilion with two cursive characters "Goose Pool" engraved on the tablet. According to legend, these two sentences were written by Wang Xizhi. It is said that Wang Xizhi likes geese very much and keeps a flock of geese at home. Now there are some white geese in the goose pond in Lanting. Interesting Qushui Flowing Lanting also includes Qushui Shangliu Pavilion, Youjun Temple, Mo Chi and other buildings. The pavilion is three rooms wide and has a balcony. There is a winding ditch in front of the pavilion in which water flows slowly. This is the famous Qushui.
At that time, Wang Xizhi and others were sitting on the bank of Qushui. Someone put a glass of wine on the upstream of Qushui, and the glass floated downstream with the lotus leaf. Whoever stops, he has to write a poem, and whoever can't make it will be fined a glass of wine. Nowadays, many tourists come here, fill plastic cups with drinks and put them into Qushui to "flow" and experience the fun of Qushui in those days. Youjun Temple is a sacred place to commemorate Wang Xizhi. At that time, Wang Xizhi was a right-wing general and a civilian, so people often called him Wang Youjun. There are many inscriptions in the temple, with a portrait of Wang Xizhi hanging in the middle. The couplets on both sides are "I have lived a lifetime of mountains and rivers, and there are no ancient and modern words." There is a pool called "Mo Chi" in the temple. It is said that Wang Xizhi dipped his pen in the water of this pool to read, and the whole pool was dyed black.