Sundial stone tools
Sundial stoneware
Xiaoheyan Culture in Neolithic Age
The diameter of the stone disc is 13cm, the inner diameter is 2.5cm and the thickness is 2cm.
The stone cone is 2.8 cm in diameter and 10 cm in length.
Gray-black sedimentary rock material, polished and made. The vessel is covered with soil, and the stone plate is pancake-shaped, with a round hole drilled in the middle and a blunt edge. There is a cylindrical cone in the hole, and the blunt end of the cone is inserted into the hole of the disc device and matched with it. This kind of artifacts can only be found in Hongshan Culture. According to historical records, the sundial appeared in Shang Dynasty, and the earliest existing object was Han Dynasty. Whether this group of stone tools is related to sundials remains to be verified.
Xiaoheyan culture is named after the site of Nantaidi, Baisilangzi, Xiaoheyan Township, Aohan Banner. Later than Hongshan Culture and earlier than Xiajiadian culture, the age is roughly equivalent to the second stage of Miaodigou culture in Central Plains, about 3000 years ago. Sites belonging to this culture include Fruit Mountain in Linxi, Shi Hu Mountain Cemetery of Shiyang in Aohan Banner, Xishan of Lianzidian in Harqin Banner, Sanzuodian in Chifeng City and Qiandi of Chaoyang Temple in Liaoning Province. Xiaoheyan culture is not a simple inheritance from Hongshan Culture, but different from Hongshan Culture. In addition to Nantai, Xiaoheyan culture has also been discovered, and Wengniute Banner has Shipengshan cemetery.
It was named after the Nantaidi site discovered in Xiaoheyan Township (now Sidao wan zi zhen) in Aohan Banner, Liaoning Province in 1977. Most scholars believe that Xiaoheyan culture is a culture developed from Hongshan Culture. The distribution range is roughly the same as that of Hongshan Culture. Its central area is in the Laoha River Basin. Similar sites have also been excavated, including Shipeng Mountain in Wengniute Banner and Shiyang Shihu Mountain in Aohan Banner, dating from about 5,000 to 4,500 years ago, belonging to the late Neolithic period.
Cultural relics include houses, ash pits and graves. Production tools are mainly stone tools, which are basically ground, including axes, spears, perforated stone shovels, stone balls, and a small number of carved stone shovels and axes. Fine stone chips should be the components of composite tools embedded in bone instruments. The pottery is mainly sandy brown pottery, followed by argillaceous red pottery, and some sandy argillaceous black pottery and argillaceous gray pottery. Pottery can be made by hand and then slowly trimmed.
Excerpted from Baidu netizens, thank you.